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Vocabulario Esencial para el TOEFL - El Medio Ambiente y el Clima

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés sobre el medio ambiente y el clima, como "ecology", "refine", "toxic", etc. que se necesitan para el examen TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
ecosystem
ecosystem
[Sustantivo]

a community of living organisms together with their physical environment, interacting as a system

ecosistema

ecosistema

Ex: Human activities like deforestation can disrupt fragile ecosystems and lead to biodiversity loss. 

Las actividades humanas como la deforestación pueden alterar los frágiles ecosistemas y provocar la pérdida de biodiversidad.

ecology
ecology
[Sustantivo]

the scientific study of the environment or the interrelation of living creatures and the way they affect each other

ecología

ecología

Ex: In ecology, scientists look at how ecosystems function and interact. 

En ecología, los científicos estudian cómo funcionan e interactúan los ecosistemas.

sanctuary
sanctuary
[Sustantivo]

an area for birds and animals to live and to be protected from dangerous conditions and being hunted

reserva

reserva

Ex: The sanctuary is managed by conservationists who work to preserve biodiversity and protect wildlife. 

El santuario es gestionado por conservacionistas que trabajan para preservar la biodiversidad y proteger la vida silvestre.

green belt
green belt
[Sustantivo]

a strip of open land around a city where construction is prohibited in order to protect the environment

cinturón verde

cinturón verde

Ex: Darlington should preserve its green belt. 

Darlington debería preservar su cinturón verde.

reserve
reserve
[Sustantivo]

an area in which animals, etc. are protected

reserva

reserva

environmentalism
environmentalism
[Sustantivo]

provision of care for the environment

ecologismo

ecologismo

fossil fuel
fossil fuel
[Sustantivo]

a fuel that is found in nature and obtained from the remains of plants and animals that died millions of years ago, such as coal and gas

combustible fósil

combustible fósil

Ex: Fossil fuels are a major source of global energy production. 

Los combustibles fósiles son una fuente importante de producción de energía global.

alternative fuel
alternative fuel
[Sustantivo]

any fuel that can be used instead of fossil fuels

combustible alternativo

combustible alternativo

Ex: The government is offering incentives for using vehicles powered by alternative fuel. 

El gobierno está ofreciendo incentivos por usar vehículos impulsados por combustibles alternativos.

sustainable
sustainable
[Adjetivo]

using natural resources in a way that causes no harm to the environment

sostenible

sostenible

Ex: They built a sustainable energy system with solar panels. 

Construyeron un sistema de energía sostenible con paneles solares.

zero-emission
zero-emission
[Adjetivo]

(of a vehicle) not producing gases harmful to the environment

sin emisiones

sin emisiones

Ex: Zero-emission buildings use renewable energy sources like solar and wind power to achieve sustainability. 

Los edificios cero emisiones utilizan fuentes de energía renovable como la solar y la eólica para lograr la sostenibilidad.

environmentally friendly

referring to actions, products, or practices that aim to preserve or protect the natural environment

respetuoso con el medio ambiente

respetuoso con el medio ambiente

Ex: Her goal was to create an environmentally friendly garden that supports local wildlife. 

Su objetivo era crear un jardín ecológico que apoyara la vida silvestre local.

biodegradable
biodegradable
[Adjetivo]

(of an object) able to be broken down by living organisms such as bacteria, which is then safe for the environment

biodegradable

biodegradable

Ex: Biodegradable paper products, such as napkins and plates, decompose quickly when exposed to moisture and microbes. 

Los productos de papel biodegradables, como servilletas y platos, se descomponen rápidamente cuando se exponen a la humedad y a los microbios.

eco-friendly
eco-friendly
[Adjetivo]

referring to products, actions, or practices that are designed to cause minimal harm to the environment

ecológico

ecológico

Ex: The eco-friendly car runs on electricity, reducing carbon emissions. 

El coche ecológico funciona con electricidad, reduciendo las emisiones de carbono.

to refine
to refine
[Verbo]

to remove unwanted or harmful substances from another substance

refinar

refinar

Ex: The jeweler used a polishing technique to refine the gemstone and enhance its brilliance. 

El joyero utilizó una técnica de pulido para refinar la gema y realzar su brillo.

preservation
preservation
[Sustantivo]

the action of keeping something the way it is or in good condition

preservación

preservación

nonrenewable
nonrenewable
[Adjetivo]

(of a natural resource or source of energy) existing in limited amounts and not replaceable after being used

no renovable

no renovable

Ex: Burning nonrenewable fossil fuels contributes significantly to global warming. 

Quemar combustibles fósiles no renovables contribuye significativamente al calentamiento global.

conservation
conservation
[Sustantivo]

the protection of the natural environment and resources from wasteful human activities

conservación

conservación

Ex: Water conservation is essential in regions experiencing severe drought. 

La conservación del agua es esencial en las regiones que experimentan sequía severa.

acid rain
acid rain
[Sustantivo]

rain containing a great deal of acidic chemicals, caused by air pollution, which can harm the environment

lluvia ácida

lluvia ácida

Ex: Forest rangers noticed weakened pine needles on high-elevation trees where acid rain was most intense. 

Los guardabosques notaron agujas de pino debilitadas en los árboles de gran altitud donde la lluvia ácida era más intensa.

carbon footprint
carbon footprint
[Sustantivo]

the amount of carbon dioxide that an organization or person releases into the atmosphere

impacto ecológico

impacto ecológico

Ex: Manufacturing industries often have a high carbon footprint. 

Las industrias manufactureras suelen tener una huella de carbono alta.

climate change
climate change
[Sustantivo]

a permanent change in global or regional climate patterns, including temperature, wind, and rainfall

cambio climático

cambio climático

Ex: Droughts and floods are becoming more frequent due to climate change. 

Las sequías e inundaciones se están volviendo más frecuentes debido al cambio climático.

wildfire
wildfire
[Sustantivo]

a large fire that spreads fast and causes much destruction

fuego incontrolado

fuego incontrolado

Ex: Climate change has intensified wildfire seasons, leading to more frequent and severe fires. 

El cambio climático ha intensificado las temporadas de incendios forestales, lo que lleva a incendios más frecuentes y graves.

tsunami
tsunami
[Sustantivo]

a very high wave or series of waves caused by an undersea earthquake or volcanic eruption

tsunami

tsunami

Ex: The tsunami waves reached heights of over 30 meters in some areas, causing widespread destruction. 

Las olas del tsunami alcanzaron alturas de más de 30 metros en algunas áreas, causando una destrucción generalizada.

toxic
toxic
[Adjetivo]

consisting of poisonous substances

tóxico

tóxico

Ex: Some species of plants and animals produce toxic substances as a defense mechanism against predators. 

Algunas especies de plantas y animales producen sustancias tóxicas como mecanismo de defensa contra los depredadores.

pollutant
pollutant
[Sustantivo]

any substance that is harmful to the environment

contaminante

contaminante

Ex: Water pollutants, such as pesticides and heavy metals, can harm aquatic ecosystems. 

Los contaminantes del agua, como los pesticidas y los metales pesados, pueden dañar los ecosistemas acuáticos.

greenhouse effect
greenhouse effect
[Sustantivo]

a global problem that is caused by the increase of harmful gases such as carbon dioxide which results in gradual warming of the earth

efecto invernadero

efecto invernadero

Ex: The greenhouse effect is a natural phenomenon vital for sustaining life on Earth, but the enhanced greenhouse effect caused by human activities has accelerated climate change and its associated impacts. 

El efecto invernadero es un fenómeno natural vital para mantener la vida en la Tierra, pero el efecto invernadero intensificado causado por las actividades humanas ha acelerado el cambio climático y sus impactos asociados.

smog
smog
[Sustantivo]

a combination of smoke and fog that is considered a form of air pollution

smog, esmog

smog, esmog

Ex: Environmental activists are pushing for stricter regulations to reduce smog and improve air quality in metropolitan regions. 

Los activistas ambientales están presionando para obtener regulaciones más estrictas para reducir el smog y mejorar la calidad del aire en las regiones metropolitanas.

ozone layer
ozone layer
[Sustantivo]

a layer of gases in the earth's atmosphere that does not let the sun's ultraviolet radiation pass through

capa de ozono

capa de ozono

Ex: Scientists monitor the ozone layer's thickness and recovery progress using satellite data. 

Los científicos monitorean el grosor y el progreso de la recuperación de la capa de ozono utilizando datos satelitales.

eruption
eruption
[Sustantivo]

the sudden outburst of lava and steam from a volcanic mountain

erupción

erupción

Ex: The eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD buried the city of Pompeii under ash. 

La erupción del Monte Vesubio en el año 79 d.C. enterró la ciudad de Pompeya bajo cenizas.

deforestation
deforestation
[Sustantivo]

the extensive removal of forests, typically causing environmental damage

deforestación

deforestación

Ex: Rapid deforestation has destroyed the habitats of countless wildlife species. 

La deforestación rápida ha destruido los hábitats de innumerables especies de vida silvestre.

to contaminate

to make a place, substance, etc. dirty or harmful by adding dangerous material

contaminar

contaminar

Ex: Food can be contaminated if not stored properly or if handled in unsanitary conditions. 

La comida puede contaminarse si no se almacena correctamente o si se manipula en condiciones insalubres.

consumption
consumption
[Sustantivo]

the act of using up something, such as resources, energy, or materials

consumo

consumo

Ex: Excessive consumption of resources leads to environmental damage. 

El consumo excesivo de recursos conduce a daños ambientales.

blizzard
blizzard
[Sustantivo]

a storm with heavy snowfall and strong winds

tormenta de nieve

tormenta de nieve

Ex: The ski resort was closed because of the blizzard. 

El centro de esquí estuvo cerrado debido a la tormenta de nieve.

Fahrenheit
Fahrenheit
[Adjetivo]

related to or using a temperature scale on which water boils at 212° and freezes at 32°

Fahrenheit

Fahrenheit

Ex: The thermometer showed 32 degrees Fahrenheit at freezing. 

El termómetro mostraba 32 grados Fahrenheit en el punto de congelación.

centigrade
centigrade
[Adjetivo]

related to or using a temperature scale on which water boils at 100° and freezes at 0°

centígrado

centígrado

Ex: The oven was set to 180 degrees centigrade. 

El horno estaba ajustado a 180 grados centígrados.

humid
humid
[Adjetivo]

(of the climate) having a lot of moisture in the air, causing an uncomfortable and sticky feeling

húmedo

húmedo

Ex: The humid conditions caused the windows to fog up. 

Las condiciones húmedas hicieron que las ventanas se empañaran.

monsoon
monsoon
[Sustantivo]

a period in the summer during which wind blows and rain falls in India or other hot South Asian countries

monzón

monzón

Ex: People in South Asian countries prepare for the monsoon by reinforcing homes and infrastructure to withstand the heavy rains and strong winds. 

Las personas en los países del sur de Asia se preparan para el monzón reforzando hogares e infraestructura para resistir las fuertes lluvias y vientos intensos.

thunder
thunder
[Sustantivo]

the loud crackling noise that is heard from the sky during a storm

tormenta

tormenta

Ex: The kids were frightened by the loud thunder that followed the lightning. 

Los niños se asustaron por el trueno fuerte que siguió al relámpago.

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