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Vocabulario Avanzado para el TOEFL - Condiciones Físicas y Lesiones

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés sobre condiciones físicas y lesiones, como "sore", "seizure", "ulcer", etc. que se necesitan para el examen TOEFL.

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
abnormality
[Sustantivo]

‌an unusual feature in someone's body or behavior that may be harmful, caused by duplication or deletion of a single gene

anormalidad, anomalía

anormalidad, anomalía

blister
[Sustantivo]

a swollen area on the skin filled with liquid, caused by constant rubbing or by burning

ampolla

ampolla

Ex: In severe cases , large or blisters may require medical attention to prevent complications and promote healing .
sore
[Sustantivo]

a painful spot on the skin, which is usually red or infectious

llaga, úlcera

llaga, úlcera

malady
[Sustantivo]

any physical problem that might put one's health in danger

enfermedad, mal

enfermedad, mal

Ex: The medieval village was plagued by malady that spread rapidly , causing widespread illness and death .
irritation
[Sustantivo]

a feeling of pain or discomfort in a part of the body that is swollen or sensitive, often caused by allergens, chemicals, or injuries

irritación

irritación

affliction
[Sustantivo]

a state of pain or suffering due to a physical or mental condition

aflicción

aflicción

Ex: affliction of migraines made it difficult for her to concentrate and disrupted her daily routine .
episode
[Sustantivo]

a period of time it takes one to go through a disease

episodio, ataque

episodio, ataque

ailment
[Sustantivo]

an illness, often a minor one

enfermedad, dolencia

enfermedad, dolencia

Ex: The clinic offers treatment for a wide range ailments, from allergies to chronic conditions .
concussion
[Sustantivo]

a momentary loss of consciousness provoked by a hard blow on the head

conmoción cerebral

conmoción cerebral

Ex: The doctor ordered a brain scan to assess the severity of concussion and rule out any potential complications .
spasm
[Sustantivo]

a sudden, uncontrollable tightening or contraction of a muscle

espasmo

espasmo

seizure
[Sustantivo]

a sudden and unexpected start or return of a medical problem

ataque, convulsión

ataque, convulsión

Ex: The family was given instructions on how to handle seizure episode at home .
rupture
[Sustantivo]

a severe injury that causes an internal organ or soft tissue to break or tear suddenly

ruptura, hernia

ruptura, hernia

Ex: Severe coughing fits can lead to a rupture, resulting in difficulty breathing .
malaise
[Sustantivo]

a feeling of being physically ill and irritated without knowing the reason

malestar

malestar

Ex: After recovering from the flu , he experienced malaise, making it difficult to return to his normal routine .
trauma
[Sustantivo]

damage inflicted on the body as a result of an external force or event

traumatismo, trauma

traumatismo, trauma

Ex: Victims of domestic violence often suffer from both physical and trauma.
paralysis
[Sustantivo]

a complete or partial loss of the ability to move and feel different parts of one's body, mainly caused by disease or an injury to the nerves

parálisis

parálisis

cramp
[Sustantivo]

a sudden painful contraction in a muscle due to fatigue

calambre, rampa

calambre, rampa

miscarriage
[Sustantivo]

the unexpected or spontaneous expulsion of a fetus from the uterus before it is mature enough to survive independently

aborto espontáneo, aborto natural

aborto espontáneo, aborto natural

ulcer
[Sustantivo]

a lesion or sore on the skin that might bleed or even produce a poisonous substance

úlcera, llaga

úlcera, llaga

Ex: The endoscopy revealed ulcer in the lining of his esophagus , which explained the persistent burning sensation he felt .
cyst
[Sustantivo]

a growth with abnormal features that appears in the body and contains fluid

quiste

quiste

constipation
[Sustantivo]

a medical condition in which one has difficulty emptying one's bowels

estreñimiento

estreñimiento

diarrhea
[Sustantivo]

a medical condition in which body waste turns to liquid and comes out frequently

diarrea

diarrea

Ex: diarrhea may indicate underlying health conditions and requires medical evaluation for proper diagnosis and management .
benign
[Adjetivo]

(of an ilness) not fatal or harmful

benigno

benigno

Ex: The veterinarian informed the pet owner that the lump on their dog 's paw benign and did not require surgery .
malignant
[Adjetivo]

(of a tumor or disease) uncontrollable and likely to be fatal

maligno

maligno

Ex: The oncologist recommended a combination of chemotherapy and radiation to combat malignant disease .
chronic
[Adjetivo]

(of an illness) difficult to cure and long-lasting

crónico

crónico

Ex: Sarahchronic migraine headaches often last for days , despite trying different medications .
cancerous
[Adjetivo]

related to or characterized by the presence of cancer, a disease caused by the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells

canceroso

canceroso

Ex: Lifestyle factors such as smoking and poor diet can increase the risk of cancerous conditions .
contagious
[Adjetivo]

(of a disease) transmittable from one person to another through close contact

contagioso

contagioso

Ex: Quarantine measures were implemented to contain the outbreak of contagious virus in the community .
hereditary
[Adjetivo]

(of a disease or characteristic) able to be passed on to a child through the genes of its parents

hereditario

hereditario

Ex: The genetic counselor highlighted the hereditary patterns in the family's health history.
congenital
[Adjetivo]

having a disease since birth that is not necessarily hereditary

congénito

congénito

Ex: Tomcongenital hearing loss was detected shortly after birth during a newborn screening .
septic
[Adjetivo]

(of a body part or wound) infected by harmful bacteria

séptico

séptico

Ex: He had to undergo surgery to address septic infection in his leg .
terminal
[Adjetivo]

(of an illness) having no cure and gradually leading to death

terminal

terminal

Ex: Emily 's grandfatherterminal condition made it difficult for him to perform even simple daily tasks .
pathological
[Adjetivo]

relating to or caused by an illness or disease

patológico

patológico

Ex: pathological findings confirmed the presence of a rare genetic disorder .
diabetic
[Adjetivo]

having a health condition marked by an impaired ability to regulate blood sugar levels

diabético

diabético

Ex: Diabetic individuals should be vigilant about foot care to prevent complications like ulcers and infections .
comatose
[Adjetivo]

being in a state of coma or relating to coma

comatoso

comatoso

Ex: The novel described a character who was comatose after a severe head injury.

to make a problem, situation, or condition worse or more serious

agravar

agravar

Ex: aggravated the injury when proper care was not taken .

to recover from a disease or injury

recuperarse

recuperarse

Ex: The athlete underwent intensive physical therapy to help recuperate from his sports injury and return to competition .
remission
[Sustantivo]

a period during which a patient's condition improves and the symptoms seem less severe

remisión

remisión

Ex: He celebrated his fifth year remission from leukemia , grateful for the advances in treatment that made his recovery possible .
pathogen
[Sustantivo]

any organism that can cause diseases

agente patógeno

agente patógeno

Ex: pathogen responsible for malaria is transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected mosquito .
inflammation
[Sustantivo]

a physical condition in which a part of the body becomes swollen, painful, and red as a result of an infection or injury

inflamación

inflamación

to sustain
[Verbo]

to suffer or undergo something irritating, especially an injury, disease, etc.

sufrir, recibir

sufrir, recibir

Ex: sustained a back injury after lifting the heavy box .
to succumb
[Verbo]

to die as a result of a disease or injury

morir, sucumbir

morir, sucumbir

Ex: The patient eventually succumbed to the severe illness despite the treatment.
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