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Vocabular Avansat pentru TOEFL - Condiții Fizice și Leziuni

Aici vei învăța câteva cuvinte în engleză despre condițiile fizice și rănile, cum ar fi "dureros", "criză", "ulcer" etc., care sunt necesare pentru examenul TOEFL.

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
abnormality
abnormality
[substantiv]

‌an unusual feature in someone's body or behavior that may be harmful, caused by duplication or deletion of a single gene

anomalie, aberație

anomalie, aberație

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blister
blister
[substantiv]

a swollen area on the skin filled with liquid, caused by constant rubbing or by burning

bășică, vezică

bășică, vezică

Ex: A blister is a small pocket of fluid that forms on the skin, typically caused by friction, burns, or other injuries. 
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sore
sore
[substantiv]

a painful spot on the skin, which is usually red or infectious

rană, ulcer

rană, ulcer

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malady
malady
[substantiv]

any physical problem that might put one's health in danger

boală, afecțiune

boală, afecțiune

Ex: Doctors were unable to determine the underlying malady that caused his fatigue and weakness. 
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irritation
irritation
[substantiv]

a feeling of pain or discomfort in a part of the body that is swollen or sensitive, often caused by allergens, chemicals, or injuries

iritație

iritație

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affliction
affliction
[substantiv]

a state of pain or suffering due to a physical or mental condition

suferință, necaz

suferință, necaz

Ex: His spiritual beliefs helped him find solace in the face of his terminal illness affliction. 
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episode
episode
[substantiv]

a period of time it takes one to go through a disease

episod, criză

episod, criză

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ailment
ailment
[substantiv]

an illness, often a minor one

boală, afecțiune

boală, afecțiune

Ex: She visited the doctor to discuss her persistent stomach ailment. 
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concussion
concussion
[substantiv]

a momentary loss of consciousness provoked by a hard blow on the head

commoție cerebrală, contuzie cerebrală

commoție cerebrală, contuzie cerebrală

Ex: The patient presented with symptoms of a concussion, including dizziness, confusion, and sensitivity to light, after a car accident. 
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spasm
spasm
[substantiv]

a sudden, uncontrollable tightening or contraction of a muscle

spasm,  contracție

spasm, contracție

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seizure
seizure
[substantiv]

a sudden and unexpected start or return of a medical problem

criză

criză

Ex: She experienced a seizure during the night and was rushed to the hospital. 
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rupture
rupture
[substantiv]

a severe injury that causes an internal organ or soft tissue to break or tear suddenly

ruptură, spargere

ruptură, spargere

Ex: A blood vessel rupture can lead to internal bleeding. 
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malaise
malaise
[substantiv]

a feeling of being physically ill and irritated without knowing the reason

disconfort

disconfort

Ex: Claire's vague malaise of discomfort and unease prompted several visits to specialists. 
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trauma
trauma
[substantiv]

damage inflicted on the body as a result of an external force or event

traumă, leziune

traumă, leziune

Ex: Spinal cord injury due to the trauma of a diving accident. 
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paralysis
paralysis
[substantiv]

a complete or partial loss of the ability to move and feel different parts of one's body, mainly caused by disease or an injury to the nerves

paralizie

paralizie

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cramp
cramp
[substantiv]

a sudden painful contraction in a muscle due to fatigue

crampă, contracție musculară

crampă, contracție musculară

Ex: He got a cramp in his calf during the marathon and had to stop. 
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miscarriage
miscarriage
[substantiv]

the loss of a fetus from the uterus before it can survive outside the womb

avort spontan, pierdere gestațională

avort spontan, pierdere gestațională

Ex: She experienced a miscarriage early in her pregnancy. 
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ulcer
ulcer
[substantiv]

a lesion or sore on the skin that might bleed or even produce a poisonous substance

ulcer, rană

ulcer, rană

Ex: The doctor diagnosed her with a peptic ulcer, which was causing severe abdominal pain and discomfort. 
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cyst
cyst
[substantiv]

a growth with abnormal features that appears in the body and contains fluid

chist

chist

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constipation
constipation
[substantiv]

a medical condition in which one has difficulty emptying one's bowels

constipație, opstipatie

constipație, opstipatie

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diarrhea
diarrhea
[substantiv]

a medical condition in which body waste turns to liquid and comes out frequently

diaree, dizenterie

diaree, dizenterie

Ex: Diarrhea is characterized by loose, watery stools occurring frequently throughout the day. 
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benign
benign
[adjectiv]

(of an ilness) not fatal or harmful

benign

benign

Ex: She received the news that her condition was benign, bringing relief to her and her family. 
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malignant
malignant
[adjectiv]

(of a tumor or disease) uncontrollable and likely to be fatal

malign,  malignă

malign, malignă

Ex: Malignant tumors have the potential to spread to other parts of the body if not treated promptly. 
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chronic
chronic
[adjectiv]

(of an illness) difficult to cure and long-lasting

cronic, persistent

cronic, persistent

Ex: Mary's chronic asthma requires daily medication to control her symptoms. 
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cancerous
cancerous
[adjectiv]

related to or characterized by the presence of cancer, a disease caused by the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells

canceros, cancerigen

canceros, cancerigen

Ex: The doctor discovered a cancerous tumor during the patient's routine examination. 
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contagious
contagious
[adjectiv]

(of a disease) transmittable from one person to another through close contact

contagios

contagios

Ex: COVID-19 is highly contagious, spreading easily among individuals in crowded places. 
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hereditary
hereditary
[adjectiv]

(of a disease or characteristic) able to be passed on to a child through the genes of its parents

ereditar, transmisibil genetic

ereditar, transmisibil genetic

Ex: Hereditary traits, like eye color, are passed down from parents to their children. 
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congenital
congenital
[adjectiv]

having a disease since birth that is not necessarily hereditary

congenital, înnăscut

congenital, înnăscut

Ex: Mary's congenital condition caused her to be born with an extra finger on each hand. 
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septic
septic
[adjectiv]

(of a body part or wound) infected by harmful bacteria

septic, infectat

septic, infectat

Ex: The doctor treated the patient’s septic wound with antibiotics. 
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terminal
terminal
[adjectiv]

(of an illness) having no cure and gradually leading to death

terminal, incurabil

terminal, incurabil

Ex: Mary's grandmother was diagnosed with terminal lung cancer and was placed in hospice care. 
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pathological
pathological
[adjectiv]

relating to or caused by an illness or disease

patologic, morbid

patologic, morbid

Ex: The doctor observed pathological changes in the patient's organs due to the progression of the disease. 
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diabetic
diabetic
[adjectiv]

having a health condition marked by an impaired ability to regulate blood sugar levels

diabetic

diabetic

Ex: The nurse provided diabetic patients with guidance on insulin administration and blood sugar testing. 
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comatose
comatose
[adjectiv]

being in a state of coma or relating to coma

comatos, în comă

comatos, în comă

Ex: The patient remained comatose for several weeks after the accident. 
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to aggravate

to make a problem, situation, or condition worse or more serious

agrava, înrautati

agrava, înrautati

Ex: Ignoring medication can aggravate the symptoms of a chronic illness. 
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to recuperate

to recover from a disease or injury

a se recupera,  a se reface

a se recupera, a se reface

Ex: After his surgery, he stayed in the hospital for several days to recuperate before returning home. 
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remission
remission
[substantiv]

a period during which a patient's condition improves and the symptoms seem less severe

remisiune

remisiune

Ex: After several rounds of chemotherapy, the cancer went into remission, and the patient began to regain strength and energy. 
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pathogen
pathogen
[substantiv]

any organism that can cause diseases

patogen, agent patogen

patogen, agent patogen

Ex: The laboratory tests confirmed the presence of a bacterial pathogen responsible for the patient's severe food poisoning. 
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inflammation
inflammation
[substantiv]

a physical condition in which a part of the body becomes swollen, painful, and red as a result of an infection or injury

inflamație

inflamație

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to sustain

to suffer or undergo something irritating, especially an injury, disease, etc.

suferi, îndura

suferi, îndura

Ex: The athlete sustained a serious injury during the game. 
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to succumb

to die as a result of a disease or injury

succumba, a muri din cauza

succumba, a muri din cauza

Ex: He succumbed to his injuries after the car accident. 
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