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El libro English File - Intermedio Alto - Lección 8A

Aquí encontrarás el vocabulario de la Lección 8A del libro de curso English File Upper Intermediate, como "robar", "estafador", "vandalismo", etc.

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English File - Upper Intermediate
crime
crime
[Sustantivo]

an unlawful act that is punishable by the legal system

crimen, delito

crimen, delito

Ex: Crime rates have been steadily declining in the city over the past decade. 

Las tasas de crimen han estado disminuyendo constantemente en la ciudad durante la última década.

punishment
punishment
[Sustantivo]

the act of making someone suffer because they have done something illegal or wrong

castigo

castigo

Ex: The school implemented a new policy of restorative justice, focusing on rehabilitation rather than punishment for student misbehavior. 

La escuela implementó una nueva política de justicia restaurativa, centrándose en la rehabilitación en lugar de en el castigo por el mal comportamiento de los estudiantes.

to burgle
to burgle
[Verbo]

to illegally enter a place in order to commit theft

robar, allanar

robar, allanar

Ex: After the suspect was caught trying to burgle the office building, he was charged with breaking and entering. 

Después de que el sospechoso fue capturado intentando robar en el edificio de oficinas, fue acusado de allanamiento de morada.

burglar
burglar
[Sustantivo]

someone who illegally enters a place in order to steal something

ladrón, ratero

ladrón, ratero

Ex: The burglar wore a mask to hide his identity as he carefully searched through the drawers for valuables. 

El ladrón llevaba una máscara para ocultar su identidad mientras buscaba cuidadosamente en los cajones objetos de valor.

to break into

to use force to enter a building, vehicle, or other enclosed space, usually for the purpose of theft

entrar en

entrar en

Ex: They were caught red-handed while breaking into the abandoned factory. 

Fueron sorprendidos in fraganti mientras irrumpían en la fábrica abandonada.

to steal
to steal
[Verbo]

to take something from someone or somewhere without permission or paying for it

robar

robar

Ex: The thief has stolen several cars in the past month. 

El ladrón ha robado varios coches en el último mes.

burglary
burglary
[Sustantivo]

the crime of entering a building to commit illegal activities such as stealing, damaging property, etc.

robo

robo

Ex: Installing a security system can help deter burglaries and protect your home from intruders. 

Instalar un sistema de seguridad puede ayudar a disuadir los robos y proteger tu hogar de intrusos.

blackmail
blackmail
[Sustantivo]

the crime of demanding money or benefits from someone by threatening to reveal secret or sensitive information about them

chantaje

chantaje

Ex: The celebrity paid a large sum of money to prevent a tabloid from publishing a damaging story, which was considered blackmail. 

La celebridad pagó una gran suma de dinero para evitar que un tabloide publicara una historia perjudicial, lo que se consideró chantaje.

blackmailer
blackmailer
[Sustantivo]

someone who demands services or money in exchange for not revealing harmful information or doing something harmful

chantajista, extorsionador

chantajista, extorsionador

Ex: She was terrified when a blackmailer contacted her, demanding money in exchange for keeping a secret. 

Ella estaba aterrorizada cuando un chantajista la contactó, exigiendo dinero a cambio de guardar un secreto.

bribery
bribery
[Sustantivo]

the act of offering money to an authority to gain advantage

soborno

soborno

Ex: The investigation uncovered a network of bribery, with officials accepting kickbacks in exchange for favorable contracts. 

La investigación descubrió una red de soborno, con funcionarios aceptando sobornos a cambio de contratos favorables.

to bribe
to bribe
[Verbo]

to persuade someone to do something, often illegal, by giving them an amount of money or something of value

sobornar, coimear, morder

sobornar, coimear, morder

Ex: The contractor was accused of trying to bribe inspectors to overlook building code violations. 

El contratista fue acusado de intentar sobornar a los inspectores para que pasaran por alto las violaciones del código de construcción.

drug dealer
drug dealer
[Sustantivo]

an individual who sells illegal drugs such as narcotics, opioids, etc.

traficante de drogas

traficante de drogas

Ex: He was sentenced to prison for ten years for his role as a drug dealer in the local community. 

Fue condenado a prisión por diez años por su papel como traficante de drogas en la comunidad local.

to sell
to sell
[Verbo]

to give something to someone in exchange for money

vender

vender

Ex: Do you think they'll sell their old bicycles at the flea market? 

¿Crees que venderán sus bicicletas viejas en el mercado de pulgas?

drug
drug
[Sustantivo]

any illegal substance that people take in order to experience its mental or physical effects

droga

droga

Ex: Substance abuse and addiction are significant societal issues often associated with the misuse of drugs. 

El abuso de sustancias y la adicción son problemas sociales importantes a menudo asociados con el uso indebido de drogas.

fraud
fraud
[Sustantivo]

the act of cheating in order to make illegal money

fraude

fraude

Ex: The victim lost a significant amount of money to an online fraud scheme that promised high returns but was fake. 

La víctima perdió una cantidad significativa de dinero en un esquema de fraude en línea que prometía altos rendimientos pero era falso.

fraudster
fraudster
[Sustantivo]

a person who deceives others to gain money, particularly in business transactions

estafador, fraudulento

estafador, fraudulento

Ex: The police arrested the fraudster for selling fake products online under the guise of a legitimate business. 

La policía arrestó al estafador por vender productos falsos en línea bajo la apariencia de un negocio legítimo.

to commit
to commit
[Verbo]

to do a particular thing that is unlawful or wrong

cometer

cometer

Ex: She admitted to committing perjury during the trial by providing false testimony under oath. 

Ella admitió cometer perjurio durante el juicio al proporcionar un testimonio falso bajo juramento.

to hack
to hack
[Verbo]

(computing) to illegally access a computer system, network, or online account in order to find, use, or change the information it contains

hackear, piratear

hackear, piratear

Ex: They discovered that someone had hacked into their social media profiles and posted unauthorized content. 

Descubrieron que alguien había hackeado sus perfiles de redes sociales y había publicado contenido no autorizado.

hacker
hacker
[Sustantivo]

someone who uses computers to illegally access someone else's computer or phone

hacker, pirata informático

hacker, pirata informático

Ex: The hacker installed malware on unsuspecting users' devices to steal their personal information. 

El hacker instaló malware en los dispositivos de usuarios desprevenidos para robar su información personal.

to hijack
to hijack
[Verbo]

to forcefully take control of a vehicle, like an airplane, often to take hostages or change its course

secuestrar

secuestrar

Ex: The terrorists attempted to hijack the plane to make political demands. 

Los terroristas intentaron secuestrar el avión para hacer demandas políticas.

hijacker
hijacker
[Sustantivo]

someone who uses threats or violence to take control of a moving vehicle, particularly an airplane, to forcefully change the destination or demand something

secuestrador, pirata del aire

secuestrador, pirata del aire

Ex: The hijacker was arrested by the police after attempting to seize control of the plane mid-flight. 

El secuestrador fue arrestado por la policía después de intentar tomar el control del avión en pleno vuelo.

kidnapper
kidnapper
[Sustantivo]

someone who takes an individual away and holds them in captivity, particularly to demand something for their release

secuestrador, plagiario

secuestrador, plagiario

Ex: She was terrified when the kidnapper threatened to harm her family unless his demands were met. 

Ella estaba aterrorizada cuando el secuestrador amenazó con hacerle daño a su familia si no se cumplían sus demandas.

to kidnap
to kidnap
[Verbo]

to take someone away and hold them in captivity, typically to demand something for their release

secuestrar, raptar

secuestrar, raptar

Ex: Parents educate their children about the dangers of strangers who may attempt to kidnap them. 

Los padres educan a sus hijos sobre los peligros de los extraños que pueden intentar secuestrarlos.

to mug
to mug
[Verbo]

to steal from someone by threatening them or using violence, particularly in a public place

asaltar

asaltar

Ex: If security measures fail, muggers will likely mug more individuals in crowded places. 

Si las medidas de seguridad fallan, los atracadores probablemente atracarán a más individuos en lugares concurridos.

mugger
mugger
[Sustantivo]

a person who attacks and robs people in a public place

atracador, asaltante

atracador, asaltante

Ex: She was traumatized after being attacked by a mugger while walking home late at night. 

Quedó traumatizada después de ser atacada por un atracador mientras caminaba a casa tarde por la noche.

to murder
to murder
[Verbo]

to unlawfully and intentionally kill another human being

asesinar, matar

asesinar, matar

Ex: The suspect was arrested and charged with attempting to murder a fellow inmate. 

El sospechoso fue arrestado y acusado de intentar asesinar a un compañero de celda.

murderer
murderer
[Sustantivo]

a person who is guilty of killing another human being deliberately

asesino

asesino

Ex: The film tells the story of a detective who is determined to catch a notorious murderer. 

La película cuenta la historia de un detective decidido a atrapar a un asesino notorio.

to rape
to rape
[Verbo]

to force someone to have sex against their will, particularly by using violence or threatening them

violar

violar

Ex: Educational campaigns aim to teach individuals about the severe consequences of raping someone. 

Las campañas educativas tienen como objetivo enseñar a las personas sobre las graves consecuencias de violar a alguien.

rapist
rapist
[Sustantivo]

someone who forcefully engages in sexual activity with another person without their agreement or permission, which is against the law and considered a serious crime

violador, agresor sexual

violador, agresor sexual

Ex: The rapist was convicted based on DNA evidence that was found at the crime scene. 

El violador fue condenado basándose en evidencia de ADN encontrada en la escena del crimen.

robbery
robbery
[Sustantivo]

the crime of stealing money or goods from someone or somewhere, especially by violence or threat

robo

robo

Ex: He was charged with armed robbery after holding up a gas station with a gun. 

Fue acusado de robo a mano armada después de atracar una gasolinera con un arma.

smuggler
smuggler
[Sustantivo]

an individual who illegally and secretly imports or exports goods or people

contrabandista, traficante

contrabandista, traficante

Ex: The smuggler had been using tunnels to secretly transport goods between two countries without detection. 

El contrabandista había estado utilizando túneles para transportar mercancías secretamente entre dos países sin ser detectado.

to smuggle
to smuggle
[Verbo]

to move goods or people illegally and secretly into or out of a country

contrabandear

contrabandear

Ex: Authorities discovered a tunnel used to smuggle goods between two countries. 

Las autoridades descubrieron un túnel utilizado para contrabandear mercancías entre dos países.

to stalk
to stalk
[Verbo]

to follow, watch, or pursue someone persistently and often secretly, causing them fear or discomfort

acosar

acosar

Ex: After the unsettling encounter, she felt as if someone were stalking her. 

Después del encuentro inquietante, sintió como si alguien la estuviera acechando.

stalker
stalker
[Sustantivo]

a person who repeatedly follows, watches, or harasses someone, causing fear or distress

acosador, perseguidor

acosador, perseguidor

Ex: She obtained a restraining order against the stalker. 

Ella obtuvo una orden de restricción contra el acosador.

terrorism
terrorism
[Sustantivo]

the act of using violence such as killing people, bombing, etc. to gain political power

terrorismo

terrorismo

Ex: The organization was classified as a terrorist group due to its involvement in acts of terrorism. 

La organización fue clasificada como grupo terrorista debido a su participación en actos de terrorismo.

terrorist
terrorist
[Sustantivo]

person who uses violence or threats to achieve political or ideological goals by targeting innocent people or civilians

terrorista, extremista violento

terrorista, extremista violento

Ex: The government implemented stricter security measures in response to threats from terrorists targeting major infrastructure. 

El gobierno implementó medidas de seguridad más estrictas en respuesta a las amenazas de los terroristas que apuntan a infraestructuras importantes.

to set off
to set off
[Verbo]

to activate a bomb, an explosive, etc.

activar, hacer explotar

activar, hacer explotar

Ex: The terrorist tried to set the bomb off, but it malfunctioned, preventing a disaster. 

El terrorista intentó activar la bomba, pero falló, evitando un desastre.

bomb
bomb
[Sustantivo]

an object that is designed to explode and cause destruction

bomba

bomba

Ex: The bomb was hidden in a suitcase and left in the busy subway station, but it was detected just in time. 

La bomba estaba escondida en una maleta y dejada en la concurrida estación de metro, pero fue detectada justo a tiempo.

theft
theft
[Sustantivo]

the illegal act of taking something from a place or person without permission

robo

robo

Ex: The theft of confidential documents from the office led to a breach of security and serious consequences for the company. 

El robo de documentos confidenciales de la oficina provocó una violación de la seguridad y graves consecuencias para la empresa.

thief
thief
[Sustantivo]

someone who steals something from a person or place without using violence or threats

ladrón, ratero

ladrón, ratero

Ex: After years of stealing from his coworkers, the thief was finally exposed and fired from his job. 

Después de años de robar a sus compañeros de trabajo, el ladrón finalmente fue expuesto y despedido de su trabajo.

vandalism
vandalism
[Sustantivo]

the illegal act of purposefully damaging a property belonging to another person or organization

vandalismo

vandalismo

Ex: Vandalism of public transportation facilities has become a growing concern for city officials. 

El vandalismo en las instalaciones de transporte público se ha convertido en una preocupación creciente para los funcionarios de la ciudad.

to vandalize

to intentionally damage something, particularly public property

destrozar

destrozar

Ex: Schools implemented security measures to prevent students from vandalizing facilities. 

Las escuelas implementaron medidas de seguridad para evitar que los estudiantes vandalicen las instalaciones.

witness
witness
[Sustantivo]

a person who sees an event, especially a criminal scene

testigo, testigo presencial

testigo, testigo presencial

Ex: The witness identified the suspect in a police lineup after the incident. 

El testigo identificó al sospechoso en una rueda de reconocimiento después del incidente.

armed robbery
armed robbery
[Sustantivo]

the act of stealing property or money using a weapon

robo a mano armada, atraco

robo a mano armada, atraco

Ex: The police are still searching for the suspects involved in the armed robbery of a local jewelry store. 

La policía todavía está buscando a los sospechosos involucrados en el robo a mano armada de una joyería local.

fingerprint
fingerprint
[Sustantivo]

a mark made by the unique pattern of lines on the tip of a person's finger, can be used to find out who has committed a crime

huella digital

huella digital

Ex: The suspect was apprehended after his fingerprints matched those found on the stolen vehicle. 

El sospechoso fue detenido después de que sus huellas dactilares coincidieran con las encontradas en el vehículo robado.

criminal
criminal
[Sustantivo]

a person who does or is involved in an illegal activity

criminal

criminal

Ex: He became a wanted criminal after escaping from custody. 

Se convirtió en un criminal buscado después de escapar de la custodia.

to arrest
to arrest
[Verbo]

(of law enforcement agencies) to take a person away because they believe that they have done something illegal

arrestar

arrestar

Ex: The authorities have the power to arrest those who are caught in the act of committing a crime. 

Las autoridades tienen el poder de arrestar a quienes son sorprendidos en el acto de cometer un crimen.

to catch
to catch
[Verbo]

to stop and hold an object that is moving through the air

coger, agarrar

coger, agarrar

Ex: It might sound a bit strange, but my dog loves to catch a frisbee. 

Puede sonar un poco extraño, pero a mi perro le encanta atrapar un frisbee.

to charge
to charge
[Verbo]

to officially accuse someone of an offense

acusar

acusar

Ex: The district attorney is considering whether to charge the defendant with assault. 

El fiscal del distrito está considerando si acusar al acusado de agresión.

to investigate

to try to find the truth about a crime, accident, etc. by carefully examining its facts

investigar

investigar

Ex: She was determined to investigate the incident until she uncovered the truth. 

Ella estaba decidida a investigar el incidente hasta descubrir la verdad.

to question

to have or express uncertainty about something

cuestionar

cuestionar

Ex: The voters questioned the candidate's promises, wanting more concrete plans for implementation. 

Los votantes cuestionaron las promesas del candidato, deseando planes más concretos para su implementación.

trial
trial
[Sustantivo]

a legal process where a judge and jury examine evidence in court to decide if the accused is guilty

juicio

juicio

Ex: After a lengthy trial, the defendant was found guilty and sentenced to ten years in prison. 

Después de un largo juicio, el acusado fue declarado culpable y condenado a diez años de prisión.

accused
accused
[Sustantivo]

one or multiple people who are believed to have committed a crime in a law court

acusado, inculpado

acusado, inculpado

Ex: The accused was granted bail until the trial, but he was required to wear an electronic ankle bracelet to track his movements. 

El acusado fue liberado bajo fianza hasta el juicio, pero se le requirió usar una tobillera electrónica para rastrear sus movimientos.

acquitted
acquitted
[Adjetivo]

found to be not guilty of an illegal act in a law court

absuelto, declarado no culpable

absuelto, declarado no culpable

Ex: After being found innocent, the acquitted woman was able to clear her name and return to her career. 

Después de ser declarada inocente, la mujer absuelta pudo limpiar su nombre y volver a su carrera.

court
court
[Sustantivo]

the group of people in a court including the judge and the jury

tribunal

tribunal

Ex: The lawyer addressed the court with a passionate closing argument. 

El abogado se dirigió al tribunal con un apasionado argumento final.

evidence
evidence
[Sustantivo]

a statement, document, or object that is used in a law court for establishing facts

prueba,  evidencia

prueba, evidencia

Ex: The evidence presented in court included surveillance footage that clearly showed the accused committing the robbery. 

Las pruebas presentadas en el tribunal incluyeron imágenes de vigilancia que mostraban claramente al acusado cometiendo el robo.

guilty
guilty
[Adjetivo]

responsible for an illegal act or wrongdoing

culpable

culpable

Ex: Even though she was guilty of the offense, she showed remorse and sought redemption. 

Aunque era culpable del delito, mostró remordimiento y buscó redención.

innocent
innocent
[Adjetivo]

not having committed a wrongdoing or offense

inocente

inocente

Ex: The jury found the defendant innocent of all charges due to lack of evidence. 

El jurado encontró al acusado inocente de todos los cargos debido a la falta de pruebas.

judge
judge
[Sustantivo]

the official in charge of a court who decides on legal matters

juez

juez

Ex: He's known for being a fair and impartial judge in the courtroom. 

Es conocido por ser un juez justo e imparcial en el tribunal.

jury
jury
[Sustantivo]

a group of twelve citizens, who listen to the details of a case in the court of law in order to decide the guiltiness or innocence of a defendant

jurado

jurado

Ex: The judge instructed the jury to focus solely on the evidence presented during the trial. 

El juez instruyó al jurado a centrarse únicamente en las pruebas presentadas durante el juicio.

proof
proof
[Sustantivo]

information or evidence that proves the truth or existence of something

prueba

prueba

Ex: The lawyer submitted proof of the defendant's whereabouts during the crime to strengthen the case. 

El abogado presentó prueba del paradero del acusado durante el crimen para fortalecer el caso.

to sentence

to officially state the punishment of someone found guilty in a court of law

sentenciar

sentenciar

Ex: The judge carefully considered the evidence before deciding how to sentence the defendant. 

El juez consideró cuidadosamente la evidencia antes de decidir cómo sentenciar al acusado.

verdict
verdict
[Sustantivo]

an official decision made by the jury in a court after the legal proceedings

veredicto

veredicto

Ex: The defense team was surprised by the unexpected verdict of not guilty. 

El equipo de defensa se sorprendió por el veredicto inesperado de no culpable.

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