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El libro English File - Intermedio Alto - Lección 8A

Aquí encontrarás el vocabulario de la Lección 8A del libro de curso English File Upper Intermediate, como "robar", "estafador", "vandalismo", etc.

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English File - Upper Intermediate
crime
[Sustantivo]

an unlawful act that is punishable by the legal system

crimen, delito

crimen, delito

Ex: The increase in violent crime has made residents feel unsafe .El aumento de la **delincuencia** violenta ha hecho que los residentes se sientan inseguros.
punishment
[Sustantivo]

the act of making someone suffer because they have done something illegal or wrong

castigo

castigo

Ex: He accepted his punishment without complaint .Aceptó su **castigo** sin quejas.
to burgle
[Verbo]

to illegally enter a place in order to commit theft

robar, allanar

robar, allanar

Ex: The thieves attempted to burgle the house while the owners were away on vacation .Los ladrones intentaron **robar** la casa mientras los dueños estaban de vacaciones.
burglar
[Sustantivo]

someone who illegally enters a place in order to steal something

ladrón, ratero

ladrón, ratero

Ex: The burglar was caught on surveillance cameras , making it easy for the police to identify and arrest him .El **ladrón** fue captado por las cámaras de vigilancia, lo que facilitó a la policía identificarlo y arrestarlo.

to use force to enter a building, vehicle, or other enclosed space, usually for the purpose of theft

entrar en

entrar en

Ex: The security system prevented the burglars from breaking into the house.El sistema de seguridad impidió que los ladrones **entraran por la fuerza** en la casa.
to steal
[Verbo]

to take something from someone or somewhere without permission or paying for it

robar

robar

Ex: While we were at the party , someone was stealing valuables from the guests .Mientras estábamos en la fiesta, alguien **robaba** objetos de valor a los invitados.
burglary
[Sustantivo]

the crime of entering a building to commit illegal activities such as stealing, damaging property, etc.

robo

robo

Ex: During the trial , evidence of the defendant ’s involvement in the burglary was overwhelming .Durante el juicio, la evidencia de la participación del acusado en el **robo** fue abrumadora.
blackmail
[Sustantivo]

the crime of demanding money or benefits from someone by threatening to reveal secret or sensitive information about them

chantaje

chantaje

Ex: The police launched an investigation into a case of blackmail involving threatening letters sent to a local politician .La policía inició una investigación sobre un caso de **chantaje** que involucra cartas amenazantes enviadas a un político local.
blackmailer
[Sustantivo]

someone who demands services or money in exchange for not revealing harmful information or doing something harmful

chantajista, extorsionador

chantajista, extorsionador

Ex: The blackmailer was arrested after it was discovered that they had been extorting several people for years .El **chantajista** fue arrestado después de que se descubrió que había estado extorsionando a varias personas durante años.
bribery
[Sustantivo]

the act of offering money to an authority to gain advantage

soborno

soborno

Ex: The anti-corruption campaign aims to raise awareness about the dangers of bribery in both public and private sectors .La campaña contra la corrupción tiene como objetivo concienciar sobre los peligros del **soborno** en los sectores público y privado.
to bribe
[Verbo]

to persuade someone to do something, often illegal, by giving them an amount of money or something of value

sobornar, coimear, morder

sobornar, coimear, morder

Ex: The whistleblower came forward with information about a scheme to bribe public officials for construction permits .El denunciante se presentó con información sobre un esquema para **sobornar** a funcionarios públicos a cambio de permisos de construcción.
drug dealer
[Sustantivo]

an individual who sells illegal drugs such as narcotics, opioids, etc.

traficante de drogas

traficante de drogas

Ex: The novel portrays the life of a drug dealer who starts questioning the morality of his actions .La novela retrata la vida de un **traficante de drogas** que comienza a cuestionar la moralidad de sus acciones.
to sell
[Verbo]

to give something to someone in exchange for money

vender

vender

Ex: The company plans to sell its new product in international markets .La empresa planea **vender** su nuevo producto en los mercados internacionales.
drug
[Sustantivo]

any illegal substance that people take in order to experience its mental or physical effects

droga

droga

Ex: The use of drugs can lead to devastating consequences , including overdose , incarceration , and fractured relationships .El uso de **drogas** puede llevar a consecuencias devastadoras, incluyendo sobredosis, encarcelamiento y relaciones fracturadas.
fraud
[Sustantivo]

the act of cheating in order to make illegal money

fraude

fraude

Ex: She was shocked to learn that her identity had been stolen and used for fraud, leaving her with a damaged credit score .Ella quedó impactada al saber que su identidad había sido robada y utilizada para un **fraude**, dejándola con una puntuación de crédito dañada.
fraudster
[Sustantivo]

a person who deceives others to gain money, particularly in business transactions

estafador, fraudulento

estafador, fraudulento

Ex: The fraudster was sentenced to prison after the authorities uncovered his elaborate scheme to manipulate insurance claims .El **estafador** fue sentenciado a prisión después de que las autoridades descubrieron su elaborado esquema para manipular los reclamos de seguros.
to commit
[Verbo]

to do a particular thing that is unlawful or wrong

cometer

cometer

Ex: The hacker was apprehended for committing cybercrimes , including unauthorized access to sensitive information .El hacker fue detenido por **cometer** cibercrímenes, incluyendo el acceso no autorizado a información sensible.
to hack
[Verbo]

(computing) to illegally access a computer system, network, or online account in order to find, use, or change the information it contains

hackear, piratear

hackear, piratear

Ex: The cybercriminals attempted to hack into the company's database to steal sensitive customer data.Los ciberdelincuentes intentaron **hackear** la base de datos de la empresa para robar datos sensibles de los clientes.
hacker
[Sustantivo]

someone who uses computers to illegally access someone else's computer or phone

hacker, pirata informático

hacker, pirata informático

Ex: Hackers often exploit software vulnerabilities to infiltrate computer systems .Los **hackers** a menudo explotan vulnerabilidades de software para infiltrarse en sistemas informáticos.
to hijack
[Verbo]

to forcefully take control of a vehicle, like an airplane, often to take hostages or change its course

secuestrar

secuestrar

Ex: Over the years , criminals have occasionally hijacked vehicles for ransom .A lo largo de los años, los criminales ocasionalmente han **secuestrado** vehículos para pedir rescate.
hijacker
[Sustantivo]

someone who uses threats or violence to take control of a moving vehicle, particularly an airplane, to forcefully change the destination or demand something

secuestrador, pirata del aire

secuestrador, pirata del aire

Ex: The passengers were terrified when a hijacker took over the bus , but the driver remained calm and managed to alert the authorities .Los pasajeros estaban aterrorizados cuando un **secuestrador** se apoderó del autobús, pero el conductor se mantuvo tranquilo y logró alertar a las autoridades.
kidnapper
[Sustantivo]

someone who takes an individual away and holds them in captivity, particularly to demand something for their release

secuestrador, plagiario

secuestrador, plagiario

Ex: The victim was finally reunited with her family after the kidnapper was apprehended by law enforcement .La víctima finalmente se reunió con su familia después de que el **secuestrador** fuera detenido por las autoridades.
to kidnap
[Verbo]

to take someone away and hold them in captivity, typically to demand something for their release

secuestrar, raptar

secuestrar, raptar

Ex: She was terrified when she realized that they intended to kidnap her .Ella estaba aterrorizada cuando se dio cuenta de que pretendían **secuestrarla**.
to mug
[Verbo]

to steal from someone by threatening them or using violence, particularly in a public place

asaltar

asaltar

Ex: The gang mugged several people before being arrested by the authorities .La pandilla **asaltó** a varias personas antes de ser arrestada por las autoridades.
mugger
[Sustantivo]

a person who attacks and robs people in a public place

atracador, asaltante

atracador, asaltante

Ex: He was a mugger who targeted people on the subway , quickly snatching their bags before fleeing the scene .Era un **atracador** que se dirigía a personas en el metro, arrebatando rápidamente sus bolsos antes de huir de la escena.
to murder
[Verbo]

to unlawfully and intentionally kill another human being

asesinar, matar

asesinar, matar

Ex: Last year , the criminal unexpectedly murdered an innocent bystander .El año pasado, el criminal **asesinó** inesperadamente a un transeúnte inocente.
murderer
[Sustantivo]

a person who is guilty of killing another human being deliberately

asesino

asesino

Ex: The documentary examined the psychology of a murderer, trying to understand what drives someone to commit such a crime .El documental examinó la psicología de un **asesino**, tratando de entender qué lleva a alguien a cometer tal crimen.
to rape
[Verbo]

to force someone to have sex against their will, particularly by using violence or threatening them

violar

violar

Ex: The legal system should hold accountable those who attempt to rape others .El sistema legal debe responsabilizar a quienes intentan **violar** a otros.
rapist
[Sustantivo]

someone who forcefully engages in sexual activity with another person without their agreement or permission, which is against the law and considered a serious crime

violador, agresor sexual

violador, agresor sexual

Ex: The investigation into the rapist continued for months before the authorities finally located him .La investigación sobre el **violador** continuó durante meses antes de que las autoridades finalmente lo localizaran.
robbery
[Sustantivo]

the crime of stealing money or goods from someone or somewhere, especially by violence or threat

robo

robo

Ex: The jewelry store was hit by a robbery in broad daylight , with expensive items stolen .La joyería fue víctima de un **robo** a plena luz del día, con artículos caros robados.
smuggler
[Sustantivo]

an individual who illegally and secretly imports or exports goods or people

contrabandista, traficante

contrabandista, traficante

Ex: The smuggler faced severe penalties for attempting to bring in counterfeit products that violated international trade laws .El **contrabandista** enfrentó severas sanciones por intentar introducir productos falsificados que violaban las leyes de comercio internacional.
to smuggle
[Verbo]

to move goods or people illegally and secretly into or out of a country

contrabandear

contrabandear

Ex: The gang smuggled rare animals across the border .La pandilla **contrabandeó** animales raros a través de la frontera.
to stalk
[Verbo]

to follow, watch, or pursue someone persistently and often secretly, causing them fear or discomfort

acosar

acosar

Ex: The thriller novel depicted a chilling story of an obsessed individual who would stalk their victims relentlessly .La novela de thriller representaba una historia escalofriante de un individuo obsesionado que **acosaba** implacablemente a sus víctimas.
stalker
[Sustantivo]

a person who persistently and obsessively follows, watches, or harasses someone else, often causing fear, distress, or a sense of danger

acosador, perseguidor

acosador, perseguidor

terrorism
[Sustantivo]

the act of using violence such as killing people, bombing, etc. to gain political power

terrorismo

terrorismo

Ex: Many countries are strengthening their laws against terrorism to protect national security .Muchos países están fortaleciendo sus leyes contra el **terrorismo** para proteger la seguridad nacional.
terrorist
[Sustantivo]

person who uses violence or threats to achieve political or ideological goals by targeting innocent people or civilians

terrorista, extremista violento

terrorista, extremista violento

Ex: The terrorist was sentenced to life in prison after being convicted of plotting a series of violent acts against innocent civilians .El **terrorista** fue condenado a cadena perpetua después de ser declarado culpable de planificar una serie de actos violentos contra civiles inocentes.
to set off
[Verbo]

to activate a bomb, an explosive, etc.

activar, hacer explotar

activar, hacer explotar

Ex: The explosion set off a chain reaction , causing widespread damage .La explosión **activó** una reacción en cadena, causando daños generalizados.
bomb
[Sustantivo]

an object that is designed to explode and cause destruction

bomba

bomba

Ex: A loud bomb blast could be heard from miles away as the military carried out their controlled demolition.Una fuerte explosión de **bomba** se podía escuchar a millas de distancia mientras el ejército llevaba a cabo su demolición controlada.
theft
[Sustantivo]

the illegal act of taking something from a place or person without permission

robo

robo

Ex: The museum increased its security measures after a high-profile theft of priceless art pieces from its gallery .El museo aumentó sus medidas de seguridad después de un **robo** muy publicitado de piezas de arte invaluables de su galería.
thief
[Sustantivo]

someone who steals something from a person or place without using violence or threats

ladrón, ratero

ladrón, ratero

Ex: The thief attempted to escape through the alley , but the police quickly cornered him .El **ladrón** intentó escapar por el callejón, pero la policía rápidamente lo acorraló.
vandalism
[Sustantivo]

the illegal act of purposefully damaging a property belonging to another person or organization

vandalismo

vandalismo

Ex: Volunteers organized a cleanup effort to repair the damage caused by vandalism in the local park .Los voluntarios organizaron un esfuerzo de limpieza para reparar el daño causado por el **vandalismo** en el parque local.

to intentionally damage something, particularly public property

destrozar

destrozar

Ex: The police arrested individuals for vandalizing street signs and traffic signals .La policía arrestó a individuos por **vandalizar** las señales de tráfico y los semáforos.
witness
[Sustantivo]

a person who sees an event, especially a criminal scene

testigo, testigo presencial

testigo, testigo presencial

Ex: The only witness to the crime was hesitant to come forward out of fear for their safety .El único **testigo** del crimen dudaba en presentarse por miedo a su seguridad.
armed robbery
[Sustantivo]

the act of stealing property or money using a weapon

robo a mano armada, atraco

robo a mano armada, atraco

Ex: After the armed robbery, the authorities increased patrols in the area to reassure the public and prevent further incidents .Después del **robo a mano armada**, las autoridades aumentaron las patrullas en el área para tranquilizar al público y prevenir más incidentes.
fingerprint
[Sustantivo]

a mark made by the unique pattern of lines on the tip of a person's finger, can be used to find out who has committed a crime

huella digital

huella digital

Ex: Fingerprint evidence played a crucial role in convicting the perpetrator of the murder.La evidencia de **huellas dactilares** jugó un papel crucial en condenar al perpetrador del asesinato.
criminal
[Sustantivo]

a person who does or is involved in an illegal activity

criminal

criminal

Ex: The criminal confessed to robbing the bank .El **criminal** confesó haber robado el banco.
to arrest
[Verbo]

(of law enforcement agencies) to take a person away because they believe that they have done something illegal

arrestar

arrestar

Ex: Authorities are currently arresting suspects at the scene of the crime .Las autoridades están **arrestando** actualmente a los sospechosos en la escena del crimen.
to catch
[Verbo]

to stop and hold an object that is moving through the air

coger, agarrar

coger, agarrar

Ex: The goalkeeper is going to catch the ball in the next match .El portero va a **atrapar** el balón en el próximo partido.
to charge
[Verbo]

to officially accuse someone of an offense

acusar

acusar

Ex: Right now , the legal team is charging individuals involved in the corruption scandal .En este momento, el equipo legal **acusa** a los individuos involucrados en el escándalo de corrupción.

to try to find the truth about a crime, accident, etc. by carefully examining its facts

investigar

investigar

Ex: Authorities are working to investigate the source of the contamination .Las autoridades están trabajando para **investigar** el origen de la contaminación.

to have or express uncertainty about something

cuestionar

cuestionar

Ex: She questioned her own judgment after making a mistake and sought feedback from colleagues .Ella **cuestionó** su propio juicio después de cometer un error y buscó comentarios de sus colegas.
trial
[Sustantivo]

a legal process where a judge and jury examine evidence in court to decide if the accused is guilty

juicio

juicio

Ex: The lawyer prepared extensively for the trial, gathering all necessary documents and witness statements .El abogado se preparó extensamente para el **juicio**, reuniendo todos los documentos necesarios y los testimonios de los testigos.
accused
[Sustantivo]

one or multiple people who are believed to have committed a crime in a law court

acusado, inculpado

acusado, inculpado

Ex: The defense lawyer argued that the accused had been framed and presented evidence that cast doubt on his involvement in the crime.El abogado defensor argumentó que el **acusado** había sido incriminado y presentó pruebas que ponían en duda su participación en el crimen.
acquitted
[Adjetivo]

found to be not guilty of an illegal act in a law court

absuelto, declarado no culpable

absuelto, declarado no culpable

Ex: Being acquitted brought an end to years of legal battles.Ser **absuelto** puso fin a años de batallas legales.
court
[Sustantivo]

the group of people in a court including the judge and the jury

tribunal

tribunal

Ex: The court deliberated for hours before reaching a verdict .El **tribunal** deliberó durante horas antes de llegar a un veredicto.
evidence
[Sustantivo]

a statement, document, or object that is used in a law court for establishing facts

prueba,  evidencia

prueba, evidencia

Ex: The evidence was overwhelming , and the jury quickly reached a verdict , convicting the defendant of all charges .Las **pruebas** eran abrumadoras y el jurado llegó rápidamente a un veredicto, condenando al acusado por todos los cargos.
guilty
[Adjetivo]

responsible for an illegal act or wrongdoing

culpable

culpable

Ex: The jury found the defendant guilty of the crime based on the evidence presented .El jurado encontró al acusado **culpable** del crimen basándose en las pruebas presentadas.
innocent
[Adjetivo]

not having committed a wrongdoing or offense

inocente

inocente

Ex: The innocent driver was not at fault for the car accident caused by the other driver 's negligence .El conductor **inocente** no tuvo la culpa del accidente de coche causado por la negligencia del otro conductor.
judge
[Sustantivo]

the official in charge of a court who decides on legal matters

juez

juez

Ex: She retired after serving as a judge for over thirty years .Se retiró después de servir como **juez** durante más de treinta años.
jury
[Sustantivo]

a group of twelve citizens, who listen to the details of a case in the court of law in order to decide the guiltiness or innocence of a defendant

jurado

jurado

Ex: The jury was composed of individuals from various professions and backgrounds .El **jurado** estaba compuesto por individuos de diversas profesiones y orígenes.
proof
[Sustantivo]

information or evidence that proves the truth or existence of something

prueba

prueba

Ex: She offered proof of her payment by showing the receipt from the transaction .Ella proporcionó **prueba** de su pago mostrando el recibo de la transacción.

to officially state the punishment of someone found guilty in a court of law

sentenciar

sentenciar

Ex: After the trial , the judge carefully sentenced the convicted murderer .Después del juicio, el juez **sentenció** cuidadosamente al asesino convicto.
verdict
[Sustantivo]

an official decision made by the jury in a court after the legal proceedings

veredicto

veredicto

Ex: The media reported on the landmark verdict that set a new precedent in criminal law .Los medios informaron sobre el **veredicto** histórico que sentó un nuevo precedente en el derecho penal.
El libro English File - Intermedio Alto
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