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书籍 English File - 中上级 - 第8A课

在这里,您会找到来自English File Upper Intermediate课本第8A课的词汇,如“burgle”、“fraudster”、“vandalism”等。

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English File - Upper Intermediate
crime
[名词]

an unlawful act that is punishable by the legal system

犯罪,  罪行

犯罪, 罪行

Ex: The increase in violent crime has made residents feel unsafe .暴力**犯罪**的增加让居民感到不安全。
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punishment
[名词]

the act of making someone suffer because they have done something illegal or wrong

惩罚, 处罚

惩罚, 处罚

Ex: He accepted his punishment without complaint .他毫无怨言地接受了**惩罚**。
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to burgle
[动词]

to illegally enter a place in order to commit theft

入室盗窃, 破门行窃

入室盗窃, 破门行窃

Ex: The thieves attempted to burgle the house while the owners were away on vacation .小偷试图在主人度假时**闯入**房子。
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burglar
[名词]

someone who illegally enters a place in order to steal something

窃贼, 盗贼

窃贼, 盗贼

Ex: The burglar was caught on surveillance cameras , making it easy for the police to identify and arrest him .**窃贼**被监控摄像头拍到,警方很容易就识别并逮捕了他。
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to use force to enter a building, vehicle, or other enclosed space, usually for the purpose of theft

闯入, 破门而入

闯入, 破门而入

Ex: The security system prevented the burglars from breaking into the house.安全系统阻止了窃贼**闯入**房屋。
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to steal
[动词]

to take something from someone or somewhere without permission or paying for it

偷, 窃取

偷, 窃取

Ex: While we were at the party , someone was stealing valuables from the guests .当我们在派对上时,有人在**偷**客人的贵重物品。
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burglary
[名词]

the crime of entering a building to commit illegal activities such as stealing, damaging property, etc.

入室盗窃,  burglary

入室盗窃, burglary

Ex: During the trial , evidence of the defendant ’s involvement in the burglary was overwhelming .在审判期间,被告参与**入室盗窃**的证据是压倒性的。
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blackmail
[名词]

the crime of demanding money or benefits from someone by threatening to reveal secret or sensitive information about them

敲诈, 勒索

敲诈, 勒索

Ex: The police launched an investigation into a case of blackmail involving threatening letters sent to a local politician .警方对一起涉及向当地政治家发送威胁信的**勒索**案件展开了调查。
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blackmailer
[名词]

someone who demands services or money in exchange for not revealing harmful information or doing something harmful

敲诈者, 勒索者

敲诈者, 勒索者

Ex: The blackmailer was arrested after it was discovered that they had been extorting several people for years .**敲诈者**在被发现多年来一直在敲诈几个人后被逮捕。
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bribery
[名词]

the act of offering money to an authority to gain advantage

贿赂,  贪污

贿赂, 贪污

Ex: The anti-corruption campaign aims to raise awareness about the dangers of bribery in both public and private sectors .反腐败运动旨在提高人们对公共和私营部门中**贿赂**危险的认识。
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to bribe
[动词]

to persuade someone to do something, often illegal, by giving them an amount of money or something of value

贿赂, 行贿

贿赂, 行贿

Ex: The whistleblower came forward with information about a scheme to bribe public officials for construction permits .举报人提供了有关为获得建筑许可而**贿赂**公职人员的计划的信息。
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drug dealer
[名词]

an individual who sells illegal drugs such as narcotics, opioids, etc.

毒贩, 毒品贩子

毒贩, 毒品贩子

Ex: The novel portrays the life of a drug dealer who starts questioning the morality of his actions .这部小说描绘了一个开始质疑自己行为道德的**毒贩**的生活。
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to sell
[动词]

to give something to someone in exchange for money

卖, 出售

卖, 出售

Ex: The company plans to sell its new product in international markets .该公司计划在国际市场上**销售**其新产品。
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drug
[名词]

any illegal substance that people take in order to experience its mental or physical effects

毒品, 麻醉药品

毒品, 麻醉药品

Ex: The use of drugs can lead to devastating consequences , including overdose , incarceration , and fractured relationships .使用**毒品**可能导致毁灭性后果,包括过量服用、监禁和关系破裂。
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fraud
[名词]

the act of cheating in order to make illegal money

欺诈, 诈骗

欺诈, 诈骗

Ex: She was shocked to learn that her identity had been stolen and used for fraud, leaving her with a damaged credit score .她震惊地发现自己的身份被盗并用于**欺诈**,导致她的信用评分受损。
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fraudster
[名词]

a person who deceives others to gain money, particularly in business transactions

骗子, 欺诈者

骗子, 欺诈者

Ex: The fraudster was sentenced to prison after the authorities uncovered his elaborate scheme to manipulate insurance claims .在当局揭露了他操纵保险索赔的精心策划的计划后,**诈骗犯**被判入狱。
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to commit
[动词]

to do a particular thing that is unlawful or wrong

犯, 实施

犯, 实施

Ex: The hacker was apprehended for committing cybercrimes , including unauthorized access to sensitive information .黑客因**犯下**网络犯罪,包括未经授权访问敏感信息而被捕。
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to hack
[动词]

(computing) to illegally access a computer system, network, or online account in order to find, use, or change the information it contains

黑客攻击, 非法侵入

黑客攻击, 非法侵入

Ex: The cybercriminals attempted to hack into the company's database to steal sensitive customer data.网络犯罪分子试图**入侵**公司的数据库以窃取敏感的客户数据。
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hacker
[名词]

someone who uses computers to illegally access someone else's computer or phone

黑客, 骇客

黑客, 骇客

Ex: Hackers often exploit software vulnerabilities to infiltrate computer systems .**黑客**经常利用软件漏洞侵入计算机系统。
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to hijack
[动词]

to forcefully take control of a vehicle, like an airplane, often to take hostages or change its course

劫持, 劫机

劫持, 劫机

Ex: Over the years , criminals have occasionally hijacked vehicles for ransom .多年来,犯罪分子偶尔会**劫持**车辆以索取赎金。
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hijacker
[名词]

someone who uses threats or violence to take control of a moving vehicle, particularly an airplane, to forcefully change the destination or demand something

劫机者, 劫持者

劫机者, 劫持者

Ex: The passengers were terrified when a hijacker took over the bus , but the driver remained calm and managed to alert the authorities .当一名**劫机者**接管巴士时,乘客们感到恐惧,但司机保持冷静并设法通知了当局。
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kidnapper
[名词]

someone who takes an individual away and holds them in captivity, particularly to demand something for their release

绑架者, 绑匪

绑架者, 绑匪

Ex: The victim was finally reunited with her family after the kidnapper was apprehended by law enforcement .在**绑架者**被执法部门逮捕后,受害者终于与家人团聚。
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to kidnap
[动词]

to take someone away and hold them in captivity, typically to demand something for their release

绑架, 劫持

绑架, 劫持

Ex: She was terrified when she realized that they intended to kidnap her .当她意识到他们打算**绑架**她时,她吓坏了。
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to mug
[动词]

to steal from someone by threatening them or using violence, particularly in a public place

抢劫, 抢夺

抢劫, 抢夺

Ex: The gang mugged several people before being arrested by the authorities .该团伙在**抢劫**了几个人后被当局逮捕。
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mugger
[名词]

a person who attacks and robs people in a public place

抢劫犯, 扒手

抢劫犯, 扒手

Ex: He was a mugger who targeted people on the subway , quickly snatching their bags before fleeing the scene .他是一个**抢劫犯**,目标是地铁上的人,迅速抢走他们的包后逃离现场。
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to murder
[动词]

to unlawfully and intentionally kill another human being

谋杀, 杀害

谋杀, 杀害

Ex: Last year , the criminal unexpectedly murdered an innocent bystander .去年,罪犯意外**谋杀**了一名无辜的旁观者。
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murderer
[名词]

a person who is guilty of killing another human being deliberately

凶手, 杀人犯

凶手, 杀人犯

Ex: The documentary examined the psychology of a murderer, trying to understand what drives someone to commit such a crime .这部纪录片研究了一个**杀人犯**的心理,试图理解是什么驱使某人犯下这样的罪行。
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to rape
[动词]

to force someone to have sex against their will, particularly by using violence or threatening them

强奸, 强暴

强奸, 强暴

Ex: The legal system should hold accountable those who attempt to rape others .法律体系应该追究那些企图**强奸**他人者的责任。
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rapist
[名词]

someone who forcefully engages in sexual activity with another person without their agreement or permission, which is against the law and considered a serious crime

强奸犯, 性侵犯者

强奸犯, 性侵犯者

Ex: The investigation into the rapist continued for months before the authorities finally located him .对**强奸犯**的调查持续了数月,当局最终才找到他。
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robbery
[名词]

the crime of stealing money or goods from someone or somewhere, especially by violence or threat

抢劫, 盗窃

抢劫, 盗窃

Ex: The jewelry store was hit by a robbery in broad daylight , with expensive items stolen .珠宝店在光天化日之下遭到**抢劫**,贵重物品被盗。
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smuggler
[名词]

an individual who illegally and secretly imports or exports goods or people

走私者, 走私犯

走私者, 走私犯

Ex: The smuggler faced severe penalties for attempting to bring in counterfeit products that violated international trade laws .**走私者**因试图带入违反国际贸易法的假冒产品而面临严厉处罚。
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to smuggle
[动词]

to move goods or people illegally and secretly into or out of a country

走私, 非法且秘密地将货物或人员移入或移出一个国家

走私, 非法且秘密地将货物或人员移入或移出一个国家

Ex: The gang smuggled rare animals across the border .该团伙**走私**珍稀动物越境。
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to stalk
[动词]

to follow, watch, or pursue someone persistently and often secretly, causing them fear or discomfort

跟踪, 尾随

跟踪, 尾随

Ex: The thriller novel depicted a chilling story of an obsessed individual who would stalk their victims relentlessly .这本惊悚小说描绘了一个令人毛骨悚然的故事,讲述了一个痴迷于无情**跟踪**受害者的个体。
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stalker
[名词]

a person who persistently and obsessively follows, watches, or harasses someone else, often causing fear, distress, or a sense of danger

跟踪者, 骚扰者

跟踪者, 骚扰者

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terrorism
[名词]

the act of using violence such as killing people, bombing, etc. to gain political power

恐怖主义

恐怖主义

Ex: Many countries are strengthening their laws against terrorism to protect national security .许多国家正在加强反对**恐怖主义**的法律以保护国家安全。
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terrorist
[名词]

person who uses violence or threats to achieve political or ideological goals by targeting innocent people or civilians

恐怖分子, 暴力极端分子

恐怖分子, 暴力极端分子

Ex: The terrorist was sentenced to life in prison after being convicted of plotting a series of violent acts against innocent civilians .这名**恐怖分子**因策划一系列针对无辜平民的暴力行为而被判有罪,被判处无期徒刑。
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to set off
[动词]

to activate a bomb, an explosive, etc.

启动, 引爆

启动, 引爆

Ex: The explosion set off a chain reaction , causing widespread damage .爆炸**引发**了一系列连锁反应,造成了广泛的破坏。
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bomb
[名词]

an object that is designed to explode and cause destruction

炸弹, 爆炸装置

炸弹, 爆炸装置

Ex: A loud bomb blast could be heard from miles away as the military carried out their controlled demolition.军方进行控制爆破时,几英里外都能听到一声响亮的**炸弹**爆炸声。
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theft
[名词]

the illegal act of taking something from a place or person without permission

盗窃

盗窃

Ex: The museum increased its security measures after a high-profile theft of priceless art pieces from its gallery .博物馆在其画廊发生高调的**盗窃**无价艺术品后加强了安全措施。
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thief
[名词]

someone who steals something from a person or place without using violence or threats

小偷, 盗贼

小偷, 盗贼

Ex: The thief attempted to escape through the alley , but the police quickly cornered him .**小偷**试图通过小巷逃跑,但警察很快将他逼入绝境。
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vandalism
[名词]

the illegal act of purposefully damaging a property belonging to another person or organization

故意破坏

故意破坏

Ex: Volunteers organized a cleanup effort to repair the damage caused by vandalism in the local park .志愿者们组织了一次清理工作,以修复当地公园因**破坏行为**造成的损害。
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to vandalize
[动词]

to intentionally damage something, particularly public property

破坏, 故意损坏

破坏, 故意损坏

Ex: The police arrested individuals for vandalizing street signs and traffic signals .警方逮捕了因**破坏**街道标志和交通信号灯的个人。
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witness
[名词]

a person who sees an event, especially a criminal scene

目击者, 证人

目击者, 证人

Ex: The only witness to the crime was hesitant to come forward out of fear for their safety .犯罪的唯一**目击者**由于担心自身安全而犹豫是否出面。
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the act of stealing property or money using a weapon

持械抢劫, 武装抢劫

持械抢劫, 武装抢劫

Ex: After the armed robbery, the authorities increased patrols in the area to reassure the public and prevent further incidents .**武装抢劫**后,当局增加了该地区的巡逻,以安抚公众并防止进一步的事件。
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fingerprint
[名词]

a mark made by the unique pattern of lines on the tip of a person's finger, can be used to find out who has committed a crime

指纹, 指印

指纹, 指印

Ex: Fingerprint evidence played a crucial role in convicting the perpetrator of the murder.**指纹**证据在定罪谋杀案凶手方面发挥了关键作用。
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criminal
[名词]

a person who does or is involved in an illegal activity

罪犯, 犯罪分子

罪犯, 犯罪分子

Ex: The criminal confessed to robbing the bank .**罪犯**承认抢劫了银行。
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to arrest
[动词]

(of law enforcement agencies) to take a person away because they believe that they have done something illegal

逮捕

逮捕

Ex: Authorities are currently arresting suspects at the scene of the crime .当局目前正在犯罪现场**逮捕**嫌疑人。
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to catch
[动词]

to stop and hold an object that is moving through the air

抓住, 接住

抓住, 接住

Ex: The goalkeeper is going to catch the ball in the next match .守门员将在下一场比赛中**接住**球。
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to charge
[动词]

to officially accuse someone of an offense

指控, 控告

指控, 控告

Ex: Right now , the legal team is charging individuals involved in the corruption scandal .目前,法律团队正在**指控**涉及腐败丑闻的个人。
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to try to find the truth about a crime, accident, etc. by carefully examining its facts

调查,  研究

调查, 研究

Ex: Authorities are working to investigate the source of the contamination .当局正在努力**调查**污染源。
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to question
[动词]

to have or express uncertainty about something

质疑, 怀疑

质疑, 怀疑

Ex: She questioned her own judgment after making a mistake and sought feedback from colleagues .她在犯错后**质疑**了自己的判断,并向同事寻求反馈。
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trial
[名词]

a legal process where a judge and jury examine evidence in court to decide if the accused is guilty

审判, 庭审

审判, 庭审

Ex: The lawyer prepared extensively for the trial, gathering all necessary documents and witness statements .律师为**审判**做了充分的准备,收集了所有必要的文件和证人证词。
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accused
[名词]

one or multiple people who are believed to have committed a crime in a law court

被告, 被告人

被告, 被告人

Ex: The defense lawyer argued that the accused had been framed and presented evidence that cast doubt on his involvement in the crime.辩护律师辩称**被告**被陷害,并提出了对其涉案的怀疑证据。
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acquitted
[形容词]

found to be not guilty of an illegal act in a law court

无罪释放, 被宣告无罪

无罪释放, 被宣告无罪

Ex: Being acquitted brought an end to years of legal battles.被**无罪释放**结束了多年的法律斗争。
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court
[名词]

the group of people in a court including the judge and the jury

法庭, 法院

法庭, 法院

Ex: The court deliberated for hours before reaching a verdict .**法庭**在作出裁决前审议了数小时。
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evidence
[名词]

a statement, document, or object that is used in a law court for establishing facts

证据,  证物

证据, 证物

Ex: The evidence was overwhelming , and the jury quickly reached a verdict , convicting the defendant of all charges .**证据**确凿,陪审团迅速作出裁决,判定被告所有罪名成立。
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guilty
[形容词]

responsible for an illegal act or wrongdoing

有罪的, 负责的

有罪的, 负责的

Ex: The jury found the defendant guilty of the crime based on the evidence presented .陪审团根据提供的证据判定被告**有罪**。
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innocent
[形容词]

not having committed a wrongdoing or offense

无辜的, 清白的

无辜的, 清白的

Ex: The innocent driver was not at fault for the car accident caused by the other driver 's negligence .**无辜的**司机对另一名司机的疏忽造成的车祸没有责任。
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judge
[名词]

the official in charge of a court who decides on legal matters

法官, 裁判官

法官, 裁判官

Ex: She retired after serving as a judge for over thirty years .她在担任**法官**三十多年后退休了。
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jury
[名词]

a group of twelve citizens, who listen to the details of a case in the court of law in order to decide the guiltiness or innocence of a defendant

陪审团, 陪审团小组

陪审团, 陪审团小组

Ex: The jury was composed of individuals from various professions and backgrounds .**陪审团**由来自不同职业和背景的个人组成。
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proof
[名词]

information or evidence that proves the truth or existence of something

证据, 证明

证据, 证明

Ex: She offered proof of her payment by showing the receipt from the transaction .她通过出示交易收据提供了付款的**证明**。
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to sentence
[动词]

to officially state the punishment of someone found guilty in a court of law

判处

判处

Ex: After the trial , the judge carefully sentenced the convicted murderer .审判后,法官仔细地**判决**了被定罪的凶手。
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verdict
[名词]

an official decision made by the jury in a court after the legal proceedings

裁决, 判决

裁决, 判决

Ex: The media reported on the landmark verdict that set a new precedent in criminal law .媒体报道了这一具有里程碑意义的**判决**,为刑法设立了新的先例。
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书籍 English File - 中上级
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