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Kniha Interchange - Vyšší středně pokročilý - Lekce 8A

Zde najdete slovní zásobu z lekce 8A v učebnici English File Upper Intermediate, jako je „burgle“, „fraudster“, „vandalism“ atd.

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English File - Upper Intermediate
crime
[Podstatné jméno]

an unlawful act that is punishable by the legal system

trestný čin, zločin

trestný čin, zločin

punishment
[Podstatné jméno]

the act of making someone suffer because they have done something illegal or wrong

trest, pokuta

trest, pokuta

to burgle
[sloveso]

to illegally enter a place in order to commit theft

vloupat se, ukrást

vloupat se, ukrást

burglar
[Podstatné jméno]

someone who illegally enters a place in order to steal something

vandal, zloděj

vandal, zloděj

to break into
[sloveso]

to use force to enter a building, vehicle, or other enclosed space, usually for the purpose of theft

vloupat se do, proniknout do

vloupat se do, proniknout do

to steal
[sloveso]

to take something from someone or somewhere without permission or paying for it

ukrást, krást

ukrást, krást

burglary
[Podstatné jméno]

the crime of entering a building to commit illegal activities such as stealing, damaging property, etc.

vloupání, krádež

vloupání, krádež

blackmail
[Podstatné jméno]

the crime of demanding money or benefits from someone by threatening to reveal secret or sensitive information about them

vydírání, vydírání peněz

vydírání, vydírání peněz

blackmailer
[Podstatné jméno]

someone who demands services or money in exchange for not revealing harmful information or doing something harmful

vyděrač, šantážista

vyděrač, šantážista

bribery
[Podstatné jméno]

the act of offering money to an authority to gain advantage

úplatkářství, podplácení

úplatkářství, podplácení

to bribe
[sloveso]

to persuade someone to do something, often illegal, by giving them an amount of money or something of value

podplatit, úplatit

podplatit, úplatit

drug dealer
[Podstatné jméno]

an individual who sells illegal drugs such as narcotics, opioids, etc.

drogový dealer, prodejce drog

drogový dealer, prodejce drog

to sell
[sloveso]

to give something to someone in exchange for money

prodat, prodávat

prodat, prodávat

drug
[Podstatné jméno]

any illegal substance that people take in order to experience its mental or physical effects

droga, narkotikum

droga, narkotikum

fraud
[Podstatné jméno]

the act of cheating in order to make illegal money

podvod, čin podvodu

podvod, čin podvodu

fraudster
[Podstatné jméno]

a person who deceives others to gain money, particularly in business transactions

podvodník, svůdce

podvodník, svůdce

to commit
[sloveso]

to do a particular thing that is unlawful or wrong

spáchat, provést

spáchat, provést

to hack
[sloveso]

(computing) to illegally access a computer system, network, or online account in order to find, use, or change the information it contains

hackovat, prolamovat

hackovat, prolamovat

hacker
[Podstatné jméno]

someone who uses computers to illegally access someone else's computer or phone

hacker, kiberzločinec

hacker, kiberzločinec

to hijack
[sloveso]

to forcefully take control of a vehicle, like an airplane, often to take hostages or change its course

unést, převzít kontrolu nad

unést, převzít kontrolu nad

hijacker
[Podstatné jméno]

someone who uses threats or violence to take control of a moving vehicle, particularly an airplane, to forcefully change the destination or demand something

únosce, přepadák

únosce, přepadák

kidnapper
[Podstatné jméno]

someone who takes an individual away and holds them in captivity, particularly to demand something for their release

únosce, zloděj

únosce, zloděj

to kidnap
[sloveso]

to take someone away and hold them in captivity, typically to demand something for their release

unést, okrást

unést, okrást

to mug
[sloveso]

to steal from someone by threatening them or using violence, particularly in a public place

oloupit, okrást

oloupit, okrást

mugger
[Podstatné jméno]

a person who attacks and robs people in a public place

ofenzivní zloděj, loupíč

ofenzivní zloděj, loupíč

Ex: He was mugger who targeted people on the subway , quickly snatching their bags before fleeing the scene .
to murder
[sloveso]

to unlawfully and intentionally kill another human being

zabít, vraždit

zabít, vraždit

murderer
[Podstatné jméno]

a person who is guilty of killing another human being deliberately

vrah, zabiják

vrah, zabiják

to rape
[sloveso]

to force someone to have sex against their will, particularly by using violence or threatening them

znásilnit, přinutit někoho k sexu

znásilnit, přinutit někoho k sexu

Ex: The legal system should hold accountable those who attempt rape others .
rapist
[Podstatné jméno]

someone who forcefully engages in sexual activity with another person without their agreement or permission, which is against the law and considered a serious crime

znásilňovatel, násilník

znásilňovatel, násilník

robbery
[Podstatné jméno]

the crime of stealing money or goods from someone or somewhere, especially by violence or threat

loupež, krádež

loupež, krádež

smuggler
[Podstatné jméno]

an individual who illegally and secretly imports or exports goods or people

švercer, pašerák

švercer, pašerák

to smuggle
[sloveso]

to move goods or people illegally and secretly into or out of a country

přepadnout, nelegálně přepravovat

přepadnout, nelegálně přepravovat

to stalk
[sloveso]

to follow, watch, or pursue someone persistently and often secretly, causing them fear or discomfort

sledovat, pronásledovat

sledovat, pronásledovat

stalker
[Podstatné jméno]

a person who persistently and obsessively follows, watches, or harasses someone else, often causing fear, distress, or a sense of danger

stalker, pronásledovatel

stalker, pronásledovatel

terrorism
[Podstatné jméno]

the act of using violence such as killing people, bombing, etc. to gain political power

terorismus, násilné extremismus

terorismus, násilné extremismus

terrorist
[Podstatné jméno]

person who uses violence or threats to achieve political or ideological goals by targeting innocent people or civilians

terorista, teroristka

terorista, teroristka

to set off
[sloveso]

to activate a bomb, an explosive, etc.

odpálit, aktivovat

odpálit, aktivovat

bomb
[Podstatné jméno]

an object that is designed to explode and cause destruction

bomba, nálož

bomba, nálož

theft
[Podstatné jméno]

the illegal act of taking something from a place or person without permission

krádež, odcizení

krádež, odcizení

thief
[Podstatné jméno]

someone who steals something from a person or place without using violence or threats

zloděj, lupič

zloděj, lupič

vandalism
[Podstatné jméno]

the illegal act of purposefully damaging a property belonging to another person or organization

vandalismus, poškozování majetku

vandalismus, poškozování majetku

Ex: Volunteers organized a cleanup effort to repair the damage caused vandalism in the local park .
to vandalize
[sloveso]

to intentionally damage something, particularly public property

vandalizovat, poškozovat

vandalizovat, poškozovat

witness
[Podstatné jméno]

a person who sees an event, especially a criminal scene

svědek, očitý svědek

svědek, očitý svědek

Ex: The witness to the crime was hesitant to come forward out of fear for their safety .
armed robbery
[Podstatné jméno]

the act of stealing property or money using a weapon

ozbrojená loupež, loupež se zbraní

ozbrojená loupež, loupež se zbraní

Ex: After armed robbery, the authorities increased patrols in the area to reassure the public and prevent further incidents .
fingerprint
[Podstatné jméno]

a mark made by the unique pattern of lines on the tip of a person's finger, can be used to find out who has committed a crime

otisk prstu, prstový otisk

otisk prstu, prstový otisk

criminal
[Podstatné jméno]

a person who does or is involved in an illegal activity

to arrest
[sloveso]

(of law enforcement agencies) to take a person away because they believe that they have done something illegal

zadržet, arrestovat

zadržet, arrestovat

Ex: Authorities are arresting suspects at the scene of the crime .
to catch
[sloveso]

to stop and hold an object that is moving through the air

to charge
[sloveso]

to officially accuse someone of an offense

obvinit, zatknout

obvinit, zatknout

to try to find the truth about a crime, accident, etc. by carefully examining its facts

vyšetřovat, prozkoumat

vyšetřovat, prozkoumat

to question
[sloveso]

to have or express uncertainty about something

pochybovat o, zkoumat

pochybovat o, zkoumat

trial
[Podstatné jméno]

a legal process where a judge and jury examine evidence in court to decide if the accused is guilty

soudní řízení, proces

soudní řízení, proces

accused
[Podstatné jméno]

one or multiple people who are believed to have committed a crime in a law court

obžalovaný, obžalovaní

obžalovaný, obžalovaní

Ex: The jury deliberated for hours before reaching a verdict for accused, who stood nervously in the courtroom .
acquitted
[Přídavné jméno]

found to be not guilty of an illegal act in a law court

osvobozený, zproštěný obvinění

osvobozený, zproštěný obvinění

Ex: acquitted defendant expressed relief outside the courthouse .
court
[Podstatné jméno]

the group of people in a court including the judge and the jury

soud, zasedání soudu

soud, zasedání soudu

evidence
[Podstatné jméno]

a statement, document, or object that is used in a law court for establishing facts

důkaz, evidence

důkaz, evidence

guilty
[Přídavné jméno]

responsible for an illegal act or wrongdoing

vinný, odpovědný za trestný čin

vinný, odpovědný za trestný čin

innocent
[Přídavné jméno]

not having committed a wrongdoing or offense

nevinný, bezúhonný

nevinný, bezúhonný

judge
[Podstatné jméno]

the official in charge of a court who decides on legal matters

soudce, rozsudce

soudce, rozsudce

jury
[Podstatné jméno]

a group of twelve citizens, who listen to the details of a case in the court of law in order to decide the guiltiness or innocence of a defendant

žirij, sbor porotců

žirij, sbor porotců

proof
[Podstatné jméno]

information or evidence that proves the truth or existence of something

důkaz, doklad

důkaz, doklad

to sentence
[sloveso]

to officially state the punishment of someone found guilty in a court of law

odsoudit, vyslovit trest

odsoudit, vyslovit trest

Ex: After the trial , the judge sentenced the convicted murderer .
verdict
[Podstatné jméno]

an official decision made by the jury in a court after the legal proceedings

verdikt, rozsudek

verdikt, rozsudek

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