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El libro Total English - Intermedio Alto - Unidad 9 - Referencia

Aquí encontrarás el vocabulario de la Unidad 9 - Referencia en el libro de curso Total English Upper-Intermediate, como "choque", "forense", "sin palabras", etc.

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Total English - Upper-intermediate
crime
[Sustantivo]

an unlawful act that is punishable by the legal system

crimen, delito

crimen, delito

Ex: The increase in violent crime has made residents feel unsafe .El aumento de la **delincuencia** violenta ha hecho que los residentes se sientan inseguros.
judge
[Sustantivo]

the official in charge of a court who decides on legal matters

juez

juez

Ex: She retired after serving as a judge for over thirty years .Se retiró después de servir como **juez** durante más de treinta años.
robbery
[Sustantivo]

the crime of stealing money or goods from someone or somewhere, especially by violence or threat

robo

robo

Ex: The jewelry store was hit by a robbery in broad daylight , with expensive items stolen .La joyería fue víctima de un **robo** a plena luz del día, con artículos caros robados.
thief
[Sustantivo]

someone who steals something from a person or place without using violence or threats

ladrón, ratero

ladrón, ratero

Ex: The thief attempted to escape through the alley , but the police quickly cornered him .El **ladrón** intentó escapar por el callejón, pero la policía rápidamente lo acorraló.
fingerprint
[Sustantivo]

a mark made by the unique pattern of lines on the tip of a person's finger, can be used to find out who has committed a crime

huella digital

huella digital

Ex: Fingerprint evidence played a crucial role in convicting the perpetrator of the murder.La evidencia de **huellas dactilares** jugó un papel crucial en condenar al perpetrador del asesinato.
fine
[Sustantivo]

an amount of money that must be paid as a legal punishment

multa

multa

Ex: The judge imposed a fine on the company for environmental violations .El juez impuso una **multa** a la empresa por violaciones ambientales.
victim
[Sustantivo]

a person who has been harmed, injured, or killed due to a crime, accident, etc.

víctima

víctima

Ex: Support groups for victims of crime provide resources and a safe space to share their experiences .Los grupos de apoyo para **víctimas** de delitos proporcionan recursos y un espacio seguro para compartir sus experiencias.
criminal
[Sustantivo]

a person who does or is involved in an illegal activity

criminal

criminal

Ex: The criminal confessed to robbing the bank .El **criminal** confesó haber robado el banco.
punishment
[Sustantivo]

the act of making someone suffer because they have done something illegal or wrong

castigo

castigo

Ex: He accepted his punishment without complaint .Aceptó su **castigo** sin quejas.
community service
[Sustantivo]

unpaid work done either as a form of punishment by a criminal or as a voluntary service by a citizen

servicio social

servicio social

Ex: He found fulfillment in community service, knowing that his efforts were making a positive impact on those in need .Encontró satisfacción en el **servicio comunitario**, sabiendo que sus esfuerzos estaban teniendo un impacto positivo en los necesitados.
to suspect
[Verbo]

to think that something is probably true, especially something bad, without having proof

sospechar

sospechar

Ex: They suspect the company may be hiding some important information .Ellos **sospechan** que la empresa podría estar ocultando información importante.
innocent
[Adjetivo]

not having committed a wrongdoing or offense

inocente

inocente

Ex: The innocent driver was not at fault for the car accident caused by the other driver 's negligence .El conductor **inocente** no tuvo la culpa del accidente de coche causado por la negligencia del otro conductor.
guilty
[Adjetivo]

responsible for an illegal act or wrongdoing

culpable

culpable

Ex: The jury found the defendant guilty of the crime based on the evidence presented .El jurado encontró al acusado **culpable** del crimen basándose en las pruebas presentadas.
witness
[Sustantivo]

a person who sees an event, especially a criminal scene

testigo, testigo presencial

testigo, testigo presencial

Ex: The only witness to the crime was hesitant to come forward out of fear for their safety .El único **testigo** del crimen dudaba en presentarse por miedo a su seguridad.
evidence
[Sustantivo]

anything that proves the truth or possibility of something, such as facts, objects, or signs

prueba, comprobación

prueba, comprobación

Ex: Historical documents and artifacts serve as valuable evidence for understanding past civilizations and events .Los documentos y artefactos históricos sirven como **evidencia** valiosa para comprender las civilizaciones y eventos pasados.
petty
[Adjetivo]

relating to minor or unimportant crimes

mezquino, menor

mezquino, menor

Ex: The police focused more on serious offenses than on petty crimes like jaywalking .La policía se centró más en delitos graves que en crímenes **menores** como cruzar la calle indebidamente.
to suspend
[Verbo]

to temporarily prevent someone from going to school as a punishment because they did something wrong

suspender

suspender

Ex: After the fight , he was suspended for three days .Después de la pelea, fue **suspendido** por tres días.
sentence
[Sustantivo]

the punishment that the court assigned for a guilty person

sentencia

sentencia

Ex: He received a ten-year sentence for robbery .Recibió una **condena** de diez años por robo.
prison
[Sustantivo]

a building where people who did something illegal, such as stealing, murder, etc., are kept as a punishment

prisión, cárcel

prisión, cárcel

Ex: She wrote letters to her family from prison, expressing her love and longing for them .Ella escribió cartas a su familia desde la **prisión**, expresando su amor y anhelo por ellos.
graffiti
[Sustantivo]

pictures or words that are drawn on a public surface such as walls, doors, trains, etc.

graffiti, pintadas

graffiti, pintadas

Ex: Many artists use graffiti to make social or political statements , expressing their views on walls and alleyways across the city .Muchos artistas usan el **grafiti** para hacer declaraciones sociales o políticas, expresando sus puntos de vista en paredes y callejones de la ciudad.
vandalism
[Sustantivo]

the illegal act of purposefully damaging a property belonging to another person or organization

vandalismo

vandalismo

Ex: Volunteers organized a cleanup effort to repair the damage caused by vandalism in the local park .Los voluntarios organizaron un esfuerzo de limpieza para reparar el daño causado por el **vandalismo** en el parque local.
forensic
[Adjetivo]

related to the use of scientific techniques when trying to know more about a crime

forense

forense

Ex: The detective relied on forensic evidence to solve the case .El detective confió en la evidencia **forense** para resolver el caso.
to commit
[Verbo]

to do a particular thing that is unlawful or wrong

cometer

cometer

Ex: The hacker was apprehended for committing cybercrimes , including unauthorized access to sensitive information .El hacker fue detenido por **cometer** cibercrímenes, incluyendo el acceso no autorizado a información sensible.
arson
[Sustantivo]

the criminal act of setting something on fire, particularly a building

incendio provocado

incendio provocado

Ex: Arson is a serious crime that can result in severe penalties, including imprisonment.**Incendio provocado** es un delito grave que puede resultar en severas penas, incluyendo prisión.
fraud
[Sustantivo]

the act of cheating in order to make illegal money

fraude

fraude

Ex: She was shocked to learn that her identity had been stolen and used for fraud, leaving her with a damaged credit score .Ella quedó impactada al saber que su identidad había sido robada y utilizada para un **fraude**, dejándola con una puntuación de crédito dañada.
to arrest
[Verbo]

(of law enforcement agencies) to take a person away because they believe that they have done something illegal

arrestar

arrestar

Ex: Authorities are currently arresting suspects at the scene of the crime .Las autoridades están **arrestando** actualmente a los sospechosos en la escena del crimen.
to convict
[Verbo]

to announce officially that someone is guilty of a crime in a court of law

condenar

condenar

Ex: Over the years , the legal system has occasionally convicted high-profile figures for various offenses .A lo largo de los años, el sistema legal ha **condenado** ocasionalmente a figuras prominentes por diversos delitos.

to officially state the punishment of someone found guilty in a court of law

sentenciar

sentenciar

Ex: After the trial , the judge carefully sentenced the convicted murderer .Después del juicio, el juez **sentenció** cuidadosamente al asesino convicto.

to escape punishment for one's wrong actions

salir impune de

salir impune de

Ex: He tried to cheat on the test , but he did n’t get away with it because the teacher caught him .Intentó hacer trampa en el examen, pero no pudo **salirse con la suya** porque el profesor lo pilló.
to sue
[Verbo]

to bring a charge against an individual or organization in a law court

demandar

demandar

Ex: Last year , the author successfully sued the competitor for plagiarism .El año pasado, el autor **demandó** con éxito al competidor por plagio.
to insure
[Verbo]

to make sure or certain that something will happen or be done correctly

asegurar, garantizar

asegurar, garantizar

Ex: The parents insured their child 's well-being by arranging for a safe trip .Los padres **aseguraron** el bienestar de su hijo al organizar un viaje seguro.
claim
[Sustantivo]

a statement about the truth of something without offering any verification or proof

afirmación

afirmación

Ex: Their claim that the event was canceled was unverified and caused confusion among attendees .Su **afirmación** de que el evento fue cancelado no estaba verificada y causó confusión entre los asistentes.
premium
[Sustantivo]

the amount of money paid to an insurance company in exchange for coverage or protection against specified risks or potential losses

prima, prima de seguro

prima, prima de seguro

Ex: He compared different premiums before choosing a policy .Comparó diferentes **primas** antes de elegir una póliza.
middle-aged
[Adjetivo]

(of a person) approximately between 45 to 65 years old, typically indicating a stage of life between young adulthood and old age

de mediana edad

de mediana edad

Ex: A middle-aged woman was running for office in the upcoming election .Una mujer **de mediana edad** se postulaba para un cargo en las próximas elecciones.
well-dressed
[Adjetivo]

wearing clothes that are stylish or expensive

bien vestido, elegante

bien vestido, elegante

Ex: The magazine featured articles on how to look well-dressed for any occasion .La revista presentaba artículos sobre cómo lucir **bien vestido** para cualquier ocasión.
far-fetched
[Adjetivo]

not probable and difficult to believe

inverosímil, rebuscado

inverosímil, rebuscado

Ex: The idea of time travel still seems far-fetched to most scientists .La idea del viaje en el tiempo todavía parece **descabellada** para la mayoría de los científicos.
tongue-tied
[Adjetivo]

unable to speak clearly or express oneself due to nervousness, shyness, or confusion

sin palabras, trabado

sin palabras, trabado

Ex: He always gets tongue-tied when talking to his crush .Siempre se queda **sin palabras** cuando habla con su crush.
pig-headedly
[Adverbio]

in a stubborn, unyielding, and inflexible manner

obstinadamente, tercamente

obstinadamente, tercamente

Ex: No matter how much evidence was presented , she pig-headedly held onto her belief .No importa cuánta evidencia se presentó, ella **tercamente** se aferró a su creencia.

to wrap something, usually a present, in decorative paper or packaging

envolver como regalo, empacar como regalo

envolver como regalo, empacar como regalo

Ex: She asked the cashier to gift-wrap the package before delivery.Ella le pidió al cajero que **envolvieran** el paquete antes de la entrega.
fireproof
[Adjetivo]

resistant to melting under high temperatures, catching fire, or burning

ignífugo, resistente al fuego

ignífugo, resistente al fuego

Ex: He installed fireproof doors in his house for extra safety .Instaló puertas **ignífugas** en su casa para mayor seguridad.
to aid
[Verbo]

to help or support others in doing something

ayudar

ayudar

Ex: He aided his friend in preparing for the exam .Él **ayudó** a su amigo a prepararse para el examen.
to ax
[Verbo]

to chop or cut with an axe or similar tool

cortar con hacha, talar con hacha

cortar con hacha, talar con hacha

Ex: They axed the old wooden door to break through.Ellos **tajaron** la vieja puerta de madera para abrirse paso.
to back
[Verbo]

to support someone or something

respaldar

respaldar

Ex: While they were facing difficulties , we were backing them with emotional support .Mientras ellos enfrentaban dificultades, nosotros los **apoyábamos** con apoyo emocional.
to bid
[Verbo]

to try to achieve something

intentar

intentar

Ex: Several startups are bidding to attract investors at the upcoming tech conference .Varias startups están **compitiendo** para atraer inversores en la próxima conferencia tecnológica.
blast
[Sustantivo]

an explosion of something

explosión

explosión

blaze
[Sustantivo]

a bright, intense flame or fire that burns strongly and produces a lot of light and heat

llamarada

llamarada

clash
[Sustantivo]

a serious argument between two sides caused by their different views and beliefs

conflicto, choque

conflicto, choque

Ex: The board meeting ended abruptly due to a clash among the members about the future direction of the company .La reunión de la junta terminó abruptamente debido a un **choque** entre los miembros sobre la dirección futura de la empresa.
drama
[Sustantivo]

a situation or event involving a lot of action and excitement, rooted in contrasting elements or forces

dramatismo

dramatismo

to hit
[Verbo]

to affect someone or something, especially in a bad way

golpear, afectar

golpear, afectar

Ex: Rural communities have been severely hit by the lack of healthcare access .Las comunidades rurales han sido gravemente **afectadas** por la falta de acceso a la atención médica.
key
[Adjetivo]

essential and highly important to a particular process, situation, or outcome

clave

clave

Ex: Building trust is key to maintaining long-term relationships with clients .**Clave** para mantener relaciones a largo plazo con los clientes es construir confianza.
plea
[Sustantivo]

(law) a formal statement made by someone confirming or denying their accusation

declaración

declaración

Ex: The defense attorney argued for a reduction in charges based on the plea bargain negotiated with the prosecution.El abogado defensor argumentó a favor de una reducción de cargos basada en el **pleito** negociado con la fiscalía.
to quit
[Verbo]

to stop engaging in an activity permanently

dejar

dejar

Ex: After ten years in the company , she chose to quit and start her own business .Después de diez años en la empresa, eligió **renunciar** y comenzar su propio negocio.

to arrest or see someone the moment they are doing something that is illegal or dishonest

Ex: The police caught the burglar red-handed as he was attempting to pick the lock of the house.
El libro Total English - Intermedio Alto
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