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El libro Total English - Intermedio Alto - Unidad 9 - Referencia

Aquí encontrarás el vocabulario de la Unidad 9 - Referencia en el libro de curso Total English Upper-Intermediate, como "choque", "forense", "sin palabras", etc.

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Total English - Upper-intermediate
crime
crime
[Sustantivo]

an unlawful act that is punishable by the legal system

crimen, delito

crimen, delito

Ex: Crime rates have been steadily declining in the city over the past decade. 
judge
judge
[Sustantivo]

the official in charge of a court who decides on legal matters

juez

juez

Ex: He's known for being a fair and impartial judge in the courtroom. 
robbery
robbery
[Sustantivo]

the crime of stealing money or goods from someone or somewhere, especially by violence or threat

robo

robo

Ex: He was charged with armed robbery after holding up a gas station with a gun. 

Fue acusado de robo a mano armada después de atracar una gasolinera con un arma.

thief
thief
[Sustantivo]

a person who steals something that belongs to someone else

ladrón,  ladrona

ladrón, ladrona

Ex: Daniel realized that a thief had broken into his apartment during the night. 
fingerprint
fingerprint
[Sustantivo]

a mark made by the unique pattern of lines on the tip of a person's finger, can be used to find out who has committed a crime

huella digital

huella digital

Ex: The suspect was apprehended after his fingerprints matched those found on the stolen vehicle. 

El sospechoso fue detenido después de que sus huellas dactilares coincidieran con las encontradas en el vehículo robado.

fine
fine
[Sustantivo]

an amount of money that must be paid as a legal punishment

multa

multa

Ex: The fine for parking in a disabled parking spot without a permit is significant. 
victim
victim
[Sustantivo]

a person who has been harmed, injured, or killed due to a crime, accident, etc.

víctima

víctima

Ex: The documentary focused on the lives of victims affected by domestic violence, highlighting their struggles for justice. 
criminal
criminal
[Sustantivo]

a person who does or is involved in an illegal activity

criminal

criminal

Ex: He became a wanted criminal after escaping from custody. 
punishment
punishment
[Sustantivo]

the act or process of making someone suffer a consequence for wrongdoing

castigo

castigo

Ex: The law allows punishment for anyone convicted of the offense. 
community service
community service
[Sustantivo]

unpaid work done either as a form of punishment by a criminal or as a voluntary service by a citizen

servicio social

servicio social

Ex: As part of their high school curriculum, students are required to complete a certain number of hours of community service. 

Como parte de su currículo de secundaria, los estudiantes deben completar un cierto número de horas de servicio comunitario.

to suspect
to suspect
[Verbo]

to think that something is probably true, especially something bad, without having proof

sospechar

sospechar

Ex: Considering the clouds on the horizon, I suspect it might rain this afternoon. 
innocent
innocent
[Adjetivo]

not guilty of a crime, offense, or wrongdoing

inocente

inocente

Ex: The evidence proved that an innocent man had been imprisoned. 
guilty
guilty
[Adjetivo]

responsible for an illegal act or wrongdoing

culpable

culpable

Ex: Even though she was guilty of the offense, she showed remorse and sought redemption. 

Aunque era culpable del delito, mostró remordimiento y buscó redención.

witness
witness
[Sustantivo]

a person who sees an event, especially a criminal scene

testigo, testigo presencial

testigo, testigo presencial

Ex: The witness identified the suspect in a police lineup after the incident. 
evidence
evidence
[Sustantivo]

anything that proves the truth or possibility of something, such as facts, objects, or signs

prueba, comprobación

prueba, comprobación

Ex: Before drawing conclusions, it's important to carefully evaluate all available evidence and consider alternative explanations. 
petty
petty
[Adjetivo]

relating to minor or unimportant crimes

mezquino, menor

mezquino, menor

Ex: Petty crime is common in crowded areas. 

El delito menor es común en áreas concurridas.

to suspend
to suspend
[Verbo]

to temporarily prevent someone from attending a school, holding a position, or taking part in an activity as a punishment

suspender

suspender

Ex: The company suspended the employee while it investigated the complaint. 
sentence
sentence
[Sustantivo]

the punishment that the court assigned for a guilty person

sentencia

sentencia

Ex: His lawyer appealed the harsh sentence. 
prison
prison
[Sustantivo]

a building where people who did something illegal, such as stealing, murder, etc., are kept as a punishment

prisión, cárcel

prisión, cárcel

Ex: She visited her brother regularly while he was serving his sentence in prison. 
graffiti
graffiti
[Sustantivo]

pictures or words that are drawn on a public surface such as walls, doors, trains, etc.

graffiti, pintadas

graffiti, pintadas

Ex: The graffiti on the wall featured bright colors and bold designs that attracted the attention of passersby. 

El grafiti en la pared presentaba colores brillantes y diseños audaces que atraían la atención de los transeúntes.

vandalism
vandalism
[Sustantivo]

the illegal act of purposefully damaging a property belonging to another person or organization

vandalismo

vandalismo

Ex: Vandalism of public transportation facilities has become a growing concern for city officials. 

El vandalismo en las instalaciones de transporte público se ha convertido en una preocupación creciente para los funcionarios de la ciudad.

forensic
forensic
[Adjetivo]

related to the use of scientific techniques when trying to know more about a crime

forense

forense

Ex: The forensic lab was still analyzing the hair and fiber samples gathered from the victim's vehicle. 

El laboratorio forense todavía estaba analizando las muestras de cabello y fibras recogidas del vehículo de la víctima.

to commit
to commit
[Verbo]

to do a particular thing that is unlawful or wrong

cometer

cometer

Ex: She admitted to committing perjury during the trial by providing false testimony under oath. 
arson
arson
[Sustantivo]

the criminal act of setting something on fire, particularly a building

incendio provocado

incendio provocado

Ex: Arson investigations often involve examining evidence such as burn patterns and accelerants. 

Las investigaciones de incendios provocados a menudo implican examinar evidencia como patrones de quemaduras y acelerantes.

fraud
fraud
[Sustantivo]

the crime or act of deliberately deceiving someone in order to gain money or an unfair advantage

fraude

fraude

Ex: Online banking fraud has become increasingly sophisticated. 
to arrest
to arrest
[Verbo]

(of law enforcement agencies) to take a person away because they believe that they have done something illegal

arrestar

arrestar

Ex: The authorities have the power to arrest those who are caught in the act of committing a crime. 
to convict
to convict
[Verbo]

to officially find someone guilty of a crime in a court of law

condenar

condenar

Ex: James was convicted of robbery and later sentenced to five years in prison. 
to sentence

to officially state the punishment of someone found guilty in a court of law

sentenciar

sentenciar

Ex: The judge carefully considered the evidence before deciding how to sentence the defendant. 
to get away with

to escape punishment for one's wrong actions

librarse del castigo por una mala acción, hacer algo malo sin recibir castigo

librarse del castigo por una mala acción, hacer algo malo sin recibir castigo

Ex: The con artist tried to get away with scamming innocent people, but justice caught up to him. 

El estafador intentó salirse con la suya estafando a personas inocentes, pero la justicia lo alcanzó.

to sue
to sue
[Verbo]

to bring a charge against an individual or organization in a law court

demandar

demandar

Ex: The author opted to sue the publisher for copyright infringement. 
to insure
to insure
[Verbo]

to make sure or certain that something will happen or be done correctly

asegurar, garantizar

asegurar, garantizar

Ex: The company took steps to insure the quality of its products before releasing them. 
claim
claim
[Sustantivo]

a statement about the truth of something without offering any verification or proof

afirmación

afirmación

Ex: She made a claim that the painting was an original Van Gogh, but she couldn't prove it. 
premium
premium
[Sustantivo]

an amount of money paid, usually regularly, for insurance coverage

prima,  cuota

prima, cuota

Ex: Daniel forgot to pay the annual premium on his policy. 
middle-aged
middle-aged
[Adjetivo]

(of a person) approximately between 45 to 65 years old, typically indicating a stage of life between young adulthood and old age

de mediana edad

de mediana edad

Ex: He felt more confident as a middle-aged professional. 

Se sentía más seguro como un profesional de mediana edad.

well-dressed
well-dressed
[Adjetivo]

wearing clothes that are stylish or expensive

bien vestido, elegante

bien vestido, elegante

Ex: She received compliments for being well-dressed at the office party. 

Recibió cumplidos por estar bien vestida en la fiesta de la oficina.

far-fetched
far-fetched
[Adjetivo]

not probable and difficult to believe

inverosímil, rebuscado

inverosímil, rebuscado

Ex: They dismissed the far-fetched claims as mere speculation without evidence. 

Desestimaron las afirmaciones descabelladas como meras especulaciones sin evidencia.

tongue-tied
tongue-tied
[Adjetivo]

unable to speak clearly or express oneself due to nervousness, shyness, or confusion

sin palabras, trabado

sin palabras, trabado

Ex: After hearing the unexpected compliment, he was left feeling tongue-tied. 

Después de escuchar el inesperado cumplido, se quedó sin palabras.

pig-headedly
pig-headedly
[Adverbio]

in a stubborn, unyielding, and inflexible manner

obstinadamente, tercamente

obstinadamente, tercamente

Ex: Even when shown clear proof, he pig-headedly continued to argue. 

Incluso cuando se le mostraron pruebas claras, siguió discutiendo tercamente.

to gift-wrap

to wrap something, usually a present, in decorative paper or packaging

envolver como regalo, empacar como regalo

envolver como regalo, empacar como regalo

Ex: He learned how to gift-wrap neatly during the holidays. 

Aprendió a envolver regalos con pulcritud durante las fiestas.

fireproof
fireproof
[Adjetivo]

resistant to melting under high temperatures, catching fire, or burning

ignífugo, resistente al fuego

ignífugo, resistente al fuego

Ex: Firefighters wear fireproof suits for protection. 

Los bomberos usan trajes ignífugos para protección.

to aid
to aid
[Verbo]

to help or support others in doing something

ayudar

ayudar

Ex: The medical team aids patients in their recovery. 
to ax
to ax
[Verbo]

to chop or cut with an axe or similar tool

cortar con hacha, talar con hacha

cortar con hacha, talar con hacha

Ex: The workers axed the logs for firewood. 

Los trabajadores tallaron los troncos para leña.

to back
to back
[Verbo]

to support someone or something

respaldar

respaldar

Ex: Investors were willing to back the startup, recognizing its potential for success. 
to bid
to bid
[Verbo]

to try to achieve something

intentar

intentar

Ex: The town is bidding to host the next international film festival, promising extensive support and facilities. 
blast
blast
[Sustantivo]

a powerful explosion or the destructive force produced by one

explosión

explosión

Ex: Sarah felt the force of the blast from across the street. 
blaze
blaze
[Sustantivo]

a strong, bright fire or mass of flames

llamarada

llamarada

Ex: Sarah warmed her hands beside the cheerful blaze. 
clash
clash
[Sustantivo]

a serious disagreement or conflict between people, groups, ideas, or interests

conflicto, choque

conflicto, choque

Ex: The disagreement developed into a serious clash between the two groups. 
drama
drama
[Sustantivo]

a situation or event involving a lot of action and excitement, rooted in contrasting elements or forces

dramatismo

dramatismo

Ex: There was real drama as the results were announced. 
to hit
to hit
[Verbo]

to affect someone or something, especially in a bad way

golpear, afectar

golpear, afectar

Ex: Small businesses were hit particularly badly during the economic downturn. 
key
key
[Adjetivo]

essential and highly important to a particular process, situation, or outcome

clave

clave

Ex: Flexibility is a key attribute for adapting to changing circumstances. 
plea
plea
[Sustantivo]

a formal answer given in court to a criminal charge, stating whether the accused is guilty or not guilty

declaración

declaración

Ex: The judge asked him to enter a plea to the charge. 
to quit
to quit
[Verbo]

to stop engaging in an activity permanently

dejar

dejar

Ex: The company quit using outdated software and upgraded to a newer system. 
to [catch] {sb} red-handed

to arrest or see someone the moment they are doing something that is illegal or dishonest

pillar a alguien con las manos en la masa, sorprender a alguien en pleno acto

pillar a alguien con las manos en la masa, sorprender a alguien en pleno acto

Ex: The store owner caught the boy red-handed putting candy in his pocket. 

El dueño de la tienda pilló al niño con las manos en la masa metiéndose caramelos en el bolsillo.

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