کتاب 'توتال اینگلیش' متوسط بالا - واحد 9 - مرجع

an unlawful act that is punishable by the legal system

جرم

the official in charge of a court who decides on legal matters

قاضی

the crime of stealing money or goods from someone or somewhere, especially by violence or threat

سرقت, دزدی

someone who steals something from a person or place without using violence or threats

دزد, سارق

a mark made by the unique pattern of lines on the tip of a person's finger, can be used to find out who has committed a crime

اثر انگشت

an amount of money that must be paid as a legal punishment

جریمه

a person who has been harmed, injured, or killed due to a crime, accident, etc.

قربانی

someone who does or is involved in an illegal activity

مجرم, جانی

the act of making someone suffer because they have done something illegal or wrong

مجازات, تنبیه

unpaid work done either as a form of punishment by a criminal or as a voluntary service by a citizen

خدمات اجتماعی, خدمات عمومی

to think that something is probably true, especially something bad, without having proof

حدس زدن, مشکوک بودن

not having committed a wrongdoing or offense

بی‌گناه

responsible for an illegal act or wrongdoing

گناهکار, مجرم، مقصر

a person who sees an event, especially a criminal scene

شاهد

anything that proves the truth or possibility of something, such as facts, objects, or signs

مدرک, شاهد

the act of stealing property with a value below a certain amount, which is typically defined by local laws or regulations

سرقت اموال کم‌ارزش

to temporarily prevent someone from going to school as a punishment because they did something wrong

موقت اخراج کردن

the punishment that the court assigned for a guilty person

حکم (حقوقی)

a building where people who did something illegal, such as stealing, murder, etc., are kept as a punishment

زندان

pictures or words that are drawn on a public surface such as walls, doors, trains, etc.

دیوارنگاری, گرافیتی

the illegal act of purposefully damaging a property belonging to another person or organization

تخریب اموال یا اماکن

related to the use of scientific techniques when trying to know more about a crime

قانونی

to do a particular thing that is unlawful or wrong

(جرم یا خلاف) مرتکب شدن

the criminal act of setting something on fire, particularly a building

آتش‌افروزی

the act of cheating in order to make illegal money

کلاهبرداری

(of law enforcement agencies) to take a person away because they believe that they have done something illegal

دستگیر کردن, بازداشت کردن

to announce officially that someone is guilty of a crime in a court of law

محکوم کردن, مجرم شناختن

to officially state the punishment of someone found guilty in a court of law

محکوم کردن

to escape punishment for one's wrong actions

قسر در رفتن

to bring a charge against an individual or organization in a law court

از کسی شکایت کردن

to make sure or certain that something will happen or be done correctly

تضمین کردن

a statement about the truth of something without offering any verification or proof

ادعا

the amount of money paid to an insurance company in exchange for coverage or protection against specified risks or potential losses

حق بیمه

(of a person) approximately between 45 to 65 years old, typically indicating a stage of life between young adulthood and old age

میانسال

wearing clothes that are stylish or expensive

خوش‌پوش, خوش‌لباس

not probable and difficult to believe

بعید, باورنکردنی

unable to speak fluently or articulate their thoughts and words properly, often due to nervousness, shyness, or embarrassment

زبان بند‌آمده, زبان گرفته

in a stubborn, unyielding, and inflexible manner

لجبازانه, با کله‌شقی

to wrap a gift in decorative paper or materials to create an attractive and personalized presentation

کادو کردن

resistant to melting under high temperatures, catching fire, or burning

نسوز, ضدآتش

to help or support others in doing something

کمک کردن

to chop or cut with an axe or similar tool

قطع کردن, بریدن

to support someone or something

حمایت کردن

to try to achieve something

تلاش کردن (برای رسیدن به چیزی)

an explosion of something

انفجار

a bright, intense flame or fire that burns strongly and produces a lot of light and heat

شعله, اخگر، زبانه آتش

a serious argument between two sides caused by their different views and beliefs

اختلاف (عقاید), عدم توافق، ناسازگاری

a situation or event involving a lot of action and excitement, rooted in contrasting elements or forces

موقعیت هیجان‌انگیز, هیجان‌

to affect someone or something, especially in a bad way

تأثیر داشتن (به خصوص تأثیر بد), تحت تأثیر قرار دادن (در مفهوم منفی)، آسیب رساندن

essential and highly important to a particular process, situation, or outcome

کلیدی, مهم، اصلی، اساسی

(law) a formal statement made by someone confirming or denying their accusation

دادخواست

to stop engaging in an activity permanently

متوقف کردن, دست کشیدن

to arrest or see someone the moment they are doing something that is illegal or dishonest

سر بزنگاه مچ کسی را گرفتن, مچ کسی را گرفتن، کسی را حین ارتکاب دستگیر کردن