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Vocabulario para IELTS (Académico) - Física

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés sobre física, como "charge", "radiation", "flexible", etc. que se necesitan para el examen IELTS.

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Words for Academic IELTS
to bend
to bend
[Verbo]

to make something straight become curved or folded

doblar

doblar

Ex: He used his strength to bend the metal rod into a U-shape for the project. 

Usó su fuerza para doblar la varilla de metal en forma de U para el proyecto.

block
block
[Sustantivo]

a large solid piece of material that is square or rectangular in shape and has flat sides

bloque, cubo

bloque, cubo

Ex: She used a marble block for her sculpture project. 

Ella usó un bloque de mármol para su proyecto de escultura.

charge
charge
[Sustantivo]

the physical property in matter that causes it to experience a force in an electromagnetic field

carga

carga

Ex: The unit of electric charge is the coulomb (C), named after the French physicist Charles-Augustin de Coulomb. 

La unidad de carga eléctrica es el culombio (C), llamado así por el físico francés Charles-Augustin de Coulomb.

force
force
[Sustantivo]

(physics) an effect that causes a body to move or change direction

fuerza

fuerza

Ex: She applied a force of 10 newtons to push the box across the floor. 

Aplicó una fuerza de 10 newtons para empujar la caja por el suelo.

nuclear
nuclear
[Adjetivo]

describing weapons that are powered by the energy produced either from nuclear fission or a combination of fusion and fission reactions

nuclear

nuclear

Ex: The threat of nuclear warfare has led to international peace agreements. 

La amenaza de la guerra nuclear ha llevado a acuerdos de paz internacionales.

physicist
physicist
[Sustantivo]

an individual who is trained in physics

físico

físico

wave
wave
[Sustantivo]

(physics) an oscillating movement by which energy is transferred without the transport of matter, such as light and sound

onda

onda

Ex: Scientists study how waves interact with different materials. 

Los científicos estudian cómo las ondas interactúan con diferentes materiales.

to activate

to make something such as a process, piece of equipment, etc. start working

activar

activar

Ex: She activated the sprinkler system to water the garden. 

Ella activó el sistema de riego para regar el jardín.

atom
atom
[Sustantivo]

(science) the smallest part of a chemical element that is found in the nature

átomo

átomo

Ex: The concept of the atom as the fundamental building block of matter dates back to ancient Greek philosophy. 

El concepto del átomo como el bloque fundamental de la materia se remonta a la filosofía griega antigua.

concrete
concrete
[Adjetivo]

real and tangible, existing in physical form that can be sensed or experienced

concreto

concreto

Ex: The historian studied concrete artifacts from ancient civilizations to understand their culture and way of life. 

El historiador estudió artefactos concretos de civilizaciones antiguas para entender su cultura y forma de vida.

flexible
flexible
[Adjetivo]

capable of bending easily without breaking

flexible

flexible

Ex: The rubber hose is flexible, allowing it to bend around corners without kinking. 

La manguera de goma es flexible, lo que le permite doblarse alrededor de las esquinas sin doblarse.

field
field
[Sustantivo]

(physics) the space or area within which the effect of a particular force exists

campo

campo

Ex: The electric field generated by a charged object can influence other charged particles. 

El campo eléctrico generado por un objeto cargado puede influir en otras partículas cargadas.

to contract

to become smaller, narrower, or tighter

contraerse

contraerse

Ex: The rubber band has contracted over time, losing its original elasticity. 

La banda elástica se ha contraído con el tiempo, perdiendo su elasticidad original.

to crack
to crack
[Verbo]

to break on the surface without falling into separate pieces

agrietar, resquebrajar

agrietar, resquebrajar

Ex: The intense sunlight caused the dry soil to crack in the arid desert landscape. 

La intensa luz del sol hizo que el suelo seco se agrietara en el árido paisaje desértico.

matter
matter
[Sustantivo]

a physical substance that occupies space and exists in every material in the universe

materia

materia

Ex: In the universe, matter exists in various forms, including stars and planets. 

En el universo, la materia existe en varias formas, incluyendo estrellas y planetas.

pressure
pressure
[Sustantivo]

(physics) the amount of force exerted per area that is measured in pascal, newton per square meter, etc.

presión

presión

Ex: At sea level, atmospheric pressure is ~101,325 Pa. 

Al nivel del mar, la presión atmosférica es de aproximadamente 101.325 Pa.

motion
motion
[Sustantivo]

a natural process involving a change in position or orientation of an object

movimiento

movimiento

Ex: The motion of tectonic plates shapes the Earth's crust. 

El movimiento de las placas tectónicas da forma a la corteza terrestre.

radiation
radiation
[Sustantivo]

energy transmitted through space or matter in the form of waves or particles

radiación

radiación

Ex: Ultraviolet radiation can damage the skin. 

La radiación ultravioleta puede dañar la piel.

to react
to react
[Verbo]

(physics) to be subject to physical or chemical change

reaccionar

reaccionar

Ex: In a combustion reaction, hydrocarbons react with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water. 

En una reacción de combustión, los hidrocarburos reaccionan con el oxígeno para producir dióxido de carbono y agua.

to accelerate

to increase the velocity of something

acelerar

acelerar

Ex: The electric field between charged particles can accelerate electrons. 

El campo eléctrico entre partículas cargadas puede acelerar electrones.

to bond
to bond
[Verbo]

(chemistry) to merge or be merged by a chemical bond

pegarse

pegarse

Ex: The nitrogen atoms bond with each other to form the stable N2 molecules found in the atmosphere. 

Los átomos de nitrógeno se enlazan entre sí para formar las moléculas estables de N2 que se encuentran en la atmósfera.

to circulate

to constantly move around a gas, air, or liquid inside a closed area

circular

circular

Ex: The heating system circulates hot water through the pipes to warm up the building. 

El sistema de calefacción hace circular agua caliente a través de las tuberías para calentar el edificio.

density
density
[Sustantivo]

(physics) the degree to which a substance is compacted, measured by dividing its mass by its volume

densidad

densidad

Ex: The density of a material can affect its physical properties, such as its strength and buoyancy. 

La densidad de un material puede afectar sus propiedades físicas, como su resistencia y flotabilidad.

energy
energy
[Sustantivo]

(physics) a source of power that is required to do any work that may exist in potential, kinetic, thermal and other forms

energía

energía

Ex: Kinetic energy is highest when an object is at its maximum speed. 

La energía cinética es más alta cuando un objeto está a su velocidad máxima.

fusion
fusion
[Sustantivo]

(physics) a nuclear reaction by which the nuclei of atoms combine and form a heavier nucleus, producing nuclear energy

fusión

fusión

Ex: Fusion reactors require temperatures exceeding 100 million ° C. 

Los reactores de fusión requieren temperaturas superiores a 100 millones de °C.

frequency
frequency
[Sustantivo]

the number of times an event recurs in a unit of time

frecuencia

frecuencia

Ex: The frequency of the train service varies during the holiday season. 

La frecuencia del servicio de tren varía durante la temporada de vacaciones.

gravity
gravity
[Sustantivo]

(physics) the universal force of attraction between any pair of objects with mass

gravedad

gravedad

Ex: Einstein's theory of general relativity revolutionized our understanding of gravity by explaining it as the curvature of spacetime caused by mass. 

La teoría de la relatividad general de Einstein revolucionó nuestra comprensión de la gravedad al explicarla como la curvatura del espacio-tiempo causada por la masa.

mass
mass
[Sustantivo]

(physics) the property of matter that gives it weight in a gravitational field and is a measure of its inertia

masa

masa

Ex: Mass is a scalar quantity, meaning it has magnitude but no direction. 

La masa es una cantidad escalar, lo que significa que tiene magnitud pero no dirección.

magnetic
magnetic
[Adjetivo]

produced by or relating to magnetism

magnético

magnético

Ex: The compass needle points north due to Earth's magnetic field. 

La aguja de la brújula apunta al norte debido al campo magnético de la Tierra.

to reinforce

to strengthen a substance or structure, particularly by adding extra material to it

reforzar

reforzar

Ex: The chef chose to reinforce the flavor of the soup by adding a rich and concentrated broth. 

El chef eligió reforzar el sabor de la sopa añadiendo un caldo rico y concentrado.

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