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Vocabulario Avanzado para el TOEFL - Historia

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés sobre historia, como "prehistory", "jurassic", "chronicle", etc. que se necesitan para el examen TOEFL.

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
Stone age
Stone age
[Sustantivo]

the early period of human history when people used things such as stone, horn, bone, etc. to make tools

Edad de Piedra

Edad de Piedra

Ex: The transition from the Stone Age to the Bronze Age marked a significant technological and cultural shift in human history.La transición de **la Edad de Piedra** a la Edad de Bronce marcó un cambio tecnológico y cultural significativo en la historia humana.
prehistory
prehistory
[Sustantivo]

the era in human history from which we have no written record

prehistoria

prehistoria

ice age
ice age
[Sustantivo]

one of the periods in history when ice covered large parts of the world

glaciación

glaciación

Ex: Geological evidence suggests that the ice age shaped many of the Earth 's current landscapes and ecosystems .La evidencia geológica sugiere que **la edad de hielo** dio forma a muchos de los paisajes y ecosistemas actuales de la Tierra.
antiquity
antiquity
[Sustantivo]

the historical period before the Middle Ages, especially before the sixth century when Greeks and Romans were the most prosperous

antigüedad

antigüedad

Ex: The decline of the Roman Empire marked the end of antiquity and the beginning of the Middle Ages , as Europe entered a period of political fragmentation and cultural change .El declive del Imperio Romano marcó el fin de la **Antigüedad** y el comienzo de la Edad Media, cuando Europa entró en un período de fragmentación política y cambio cultural.
dark ages
dark ages
[Sustantivo]

the era in European history commenced at the end of the Roman Empire in AD 476 and lasted until AD 1000

Alta Edad Media

Alta Edad Media

the Middle Ages
the Middle Ages
[Sustantivo]

an era in European history, between about AD 1000 and AD 1500, when the authority of kings, people of high rank, and the Christian Church was unquestionable

Edad Media

Edad Media

Ex: The Black Death was a devastating pandemic that struck Europe in the late Middle Ages, killing millions.La Peste Negra fue una pandemia devastadora que azotó Europa a finales de la **Edad Media**, matando a millones.
Iron Age
Iron Age
[Sustantivo]

the period that began about 1100 BC when people used iron tools for the first time

Edad del Hierro

Edad del Hierro

Ex: The Iron Age brought about changes in social structures and trade , as iron became a valuable and widely-used resource .**La Edad de Hierro** trajo cambios en las estructuras sociales y el comercio, ya que el hierro se convirtió en un recurso valioso y ampliamente utilizado.
Bronze Age
Bronze Age
[Sustantivo]

the period when iron was not discovered and people used bronze to make tools

Edad de Bronce

Edad de Bronce

Ex: Trade flourished during the Bronze Age, as cultures exchanged bronze goods , ideas , and innovations across vast distances .El comercio floreció durante **la Edad de Bronce**, mientras las culturas intercambiaban bienes de bronce, ideas e innovaciones a través de grandes distancias.
christian era
christian era
[Sustantivo]

the period that began with Christ's birth

era cristiana

era cristiana

paleontology
paleontology
[Sustantivo]

the branch of science that studies fossils

paleontología

paleontología

Ex: Through paleontology, researchers have gained insights into the mass extinction events that have shaped the history of life on our planet .A través de la **paleontología**, los investigadores han obtenido información sobre los eventos de extinción masiva que han dado forma a la historia de la vida en nuestro planeta.
jurassic
jurassic
[Adjetivo]

relating to the period between around 208 to 146 million years ago, when the largest known dinosaurs lived

jurásico

jurásico

cretaceous
cretaceous
[Adjetivo]

relating to the period between approximately 146 and 65 million years ago, when dinosaurs lived (until their extinction)

cretácico

cretácico

hellenistic
hellenistic
[Adjetivo]

relating to Greek history, language, and culture, especially the era from the death of Alexander the Great to the defeat of Cleopatra and Mark Antony in 31 BC, during which Greek culture thrived considerably

helenístico

helenístico

Enlightenment
Enlightenment
[Sustantivo]

a philosophical movement in the late 17th and 18th centuries that emphasized reason and science were of more importance than tradition and religion

ilustración

ilustración

Ex: The Enlightenment had a profound impact on political thought, influencing the ideas of democracy and individual rights.**La Ilustración** tuvo un profundo impacto en el pensamiento político, influyendo en las ideas de democracia y derechos individuales.
archaic
archaic
[Adjetivo]

dating back to the ancient past

arcaico

arcaico

Ex: Scholars study archaic symbols found in prehistoric cave paintings .Los eruditos estudian los símbolos **arcaicos** encontrados en las pinturas rupestres prehistóricas.
barbarian
barbarian
[Sustantivo]

a person belonging to a people or group regarded as uncivilized, foreign, or outside the dominant culture

bárbaro

bárbaro

Ex: Tribes once labeled as barbarians developed their own rich cultures .
to chronicle

to record a series of historical events in a detailed way by a chronological order

registrar, hacer una crónica de

registrar, hacer una crónica de

Ex: The journalist chronicles the political upheavals of the past century in her investigative report .El periodista **crónica** los trastornos políticos del siglo pasado en su reportaje de investigación.
anachronism
anachronism
[Sustantivo]

something occurring at a time when it could not have existed or happened

anacronismo

anacronismo

Ex: The play's dialogue included slang that was anachronistic for its setting.El diálogo de la obra incluía jerga que era **anacrónica** para su ambientación.
archeology
archeology
[Sustantivo]

the study of civilizations of the past and historical periods by the excavation of sites and the analysis of artifacts and other physical remains

arqueología

arqueología

Ex: The field of archaeology includes various sub-disciplines such as maritime archaeology, historical archaeology, and bioarchaeology.El campo de la **arqueología** incluye varias subdisciplinas como la arqueología marítima, la arqueología histórica y la bioarqueología.
colony
colony
[Sustantivo]

any territory under the full or partial control of another more powerful nation, often occupied by settlers from that nation

colonia

colonia

ruin
ruin
[Sustantivo]

(plural) the remains of something such as a building after it has been seriously damaged or destroyed

ruinas

ruinas

Ex: The archaeological team discovered the ruins of an ancient city .El equipo arqueológico descubrió las **ruinas** de una ciudad antigua.
circa
circa
[Preposición]

used typically before a date to show that it is not exact

alrededor de

alrededor de

Ex: The painting was created circa the 18th century.El cuadro fue creado **circa** el siglo XVIII.
tsar
tsar
[Sustantivo]

the king or emperor of Russia prior to 1917

zar

zar

Ex: The term "tsar" is derived from the Latin word " Caesar " and is equivalent to the title of " emperor " in other European monarchies .El término "**zar**" se deriva de la palabra latina "César" y es equivalente al título de "emperador" en otras monarquías europeas.
the Commonwealth
the Commonwealth
[Sustantivo]

the political structure during a period in the history of the UK between 1649 and 1660, called the interregnum, during which the country was ruled without a king or queen

República

República

Ex: The Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting (CHOGM) is held every two years, providing leaders of member states with the opportunity to discuss and address issues of common concern.La Reunión de Jefes de Gobierno del **Commonwealth** (CHOGM) se celebra cada dos años, brindando a los líderes de los estados miembros la oportunidad de discutir y abordar temas de interés común.
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