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Vocabulario Avanzado para el TOEFL - Historia

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés sobre historia, como "prehistory", "jurassic", "chronicle", etc. que se necesitan para el examen TOEFL.

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
Stone age
[Sustantivo]

the early period of human history when people used things such as stone, horn, bone, etc. to make tools

Edad de Piedra

Edad de Piedra

prehistory
[Sustantivo]

the era in human history from which we have no written record

prehistoria

prehistoria

ice age
[Sustantivo]

one of the periods in history when ice covered large parts of the world

glaciación

glaciación

antiquity
[Sustantivo]

the historical period before the Middle Ages, especially before the sixth century when Greeks and Romans were the most prosperous

antigüedad

antigüedad

Ex: The decline of the Roman Empire marked the end antiquity and the beginning of the Middle Ages , as Europe entered a period of political fragmentation and cultural change .
dark ages
[Sustantivo]

the era in European history commenced at the end of the Roman Empire in AD 476 and lasted until AD 1000

Alta Edad Media

Alta Edad Media

the Middle Ages
[Sustantivo]

an era in European history, between about AD 1000 and AD 1500, when the authority of kings, people of high rank, and the Christian Church was unquestionable

Edad Media

Edad Media

Ex: The Middle Ages saw the spread of Gothic architecture , evident in the grand cathedrals built during this time .
Iron Age
[Sustantivo]

the period that began about 1100 BC when people used iron tools for the first time

Edad del Hierro

Edad del Hierro

Ex: Iron Age brought about changes in social structures and trade , as iron became a valuable and widely-used resource .
Bronze Age
[Sustantivo]

the period when iron was not discovered and people used bronze to make tools

Edad de Bronce

Edad de Bronce

Ex: Trade flourished during Bronze Age, as cultures exchanged bronze goods , ideas , and innovations across vast distances .
christian era
[Sustantivo]

the period that began with Christ's birth

era cristiana

era cristiana

paleontology
[Sustantivo]

the branch of science that studies fossils

paleontología

paleontología

Ex: paleontology, researchers have gained insights into the mass extinction events that have shaped the history of life on our planet .
jurassic
[Adjetivo]

relating to the period between around 208 to 146 million years ago, when the largest known dinosaurs lived

jurásico

jurásico

cretaceous
[Adjetivo]

relating to the period between approximately 146 and 65 million years ago, when dinosaurs lived (until their extinction)

cretácico

cretácico

hellenistic
[Adjetivo]

relating to Greek history, language, and culture, especially the era from the death of Alexander the Great to the defeat of Cleopatra and Mark Antony in 31 BC, during which Greek culture thrived considerably

helenístico

helenístico

Enlightenment
[Sustantivo]

a philosophical movement in the late 17th and 18th centuries that emphasized reason and science were of more importance than tradition and religion

ilustración

ilustración

archaic
[Adjetivo]

dating back to the ancient past

arcaico

arcaico

Ex: Scholars archaic symbols found in prehistoric cave paintings .
barbarian
[Sustantivo]

a person who was not a member of a great civilization (Greek, Roman, Christian) and was believed to be savage and uncivil

bárbaro

bárbaro

Ex: The Roman Empire viewed the tribes beyond its borders barbarians, lacking the sophistication and culture of Roman civilization .

to record a series of historical events in a detailed way by a chronological order

registrar, hacer una crónica de

registrar, hacer una crónica de

anachronism
[Sustantivo]

an object, person, or event that is out of place in terms of time or context, often appearing in a historical setting before its actual invention or introduction

anacronismo

anacronismo

Ex: anachronism of a medieval knight wielding a firearm in a historical reenactment drew criticism from historians and enthusiasts for its inaccuracies .
archeology
[Sustantivo]

the study of civilizations of the past and historical periods by the excavation of sites and the analysis of artifacts and other physical remains

arqueología

arqueología

colony
[Sustantivo]

any territory under the full or partial control of another more powerful nation, often occupied by settlers from that nation

colonia

colonia

ruin
[Sustantivo]

(plural) the remains of something such as a building after it has been seriously damaged or destroyed

ruinas

ruinas

Ex: The archaeological team discovered ruins of an ancient city .
circa
[Preposición]

used typically before a date to show that it is not exact

alrededor de

alrededor de

tsar
[Sustantivo]

the king or emperor of Russia prior to 1917

zar

zar

Ex: The term tsar" is derived from the Latin word " Caesar " and is equivalent to the title of " emperor " in other European monarchies .
the Commonwealth
[Sustantivo]

the political structure during a period in the history of the UK between 1649 and 1660, called the interregnum, during which the country was ruled without a king or queen

República

República

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