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Kosakata Lanjutan untuk TOEFL - History

Di sini Anda akan mempelajari beberapa kata dalam bahasa Inggris tentang sejarah, seperti "prasejarah", "jurassic", "kronik", dll. yang dibutuhkan untuk ujian TOEFL.

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Stone age
[Kata benda]

the early period of human history when people used things such as stone, horn, bone, etc. to make tools

zaman batu, masa batu

zaman batu, masa batu

Ex: The transition from the Stone Age to the Bronze Age marked a significant technological and cultural shift in human history.Transisi dari **Zaman Batu** ke Zaman Perunggu menandai pergeseran teknologi dan budaya yang signifikan dalam sejarah manusia.
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prehistory
[Kata benda]

the era in human history from which we have no written record

prasejarah, zaman prasejarah

prasejarah, zaman prasejarah

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ice age
[Kata benda]

one of the periods in history when ice covered large parts of the world

zaman es, masa es

zaman es, masa es

Ex: Geological evidence suggests that the ice age shaped many of the Earth 's current landscapes and ecosystems .Bukti geologis menunjukkan bahwa **zaman es** membentuk banyak lanskap dan ekosistem Bumi saat ini.
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antiquity
[Kata benda]

the historical period before the Middle Ages, especially before the sixth century when Greeks and Romans were the most prosperous

zaman kuno, periode kuno

zaman kuno, periode kuno

Ex: The decline of the Roman Empire marked the end of antiquity and the beginning of the Middle Ages , as Europe entered a period of political fragmentation and cultural change .Kemunduran Kekaisaran Romawi menandai berakhirnya **Zaman Kuno** dan dimulainya Abad Pertengahan, saat Eropa memasuki periode fragmentasi politik dan perubahan budaya.
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dark ages
[Kata benda]

the era in European history commenced at the end of the Roman Empire in AD 476 and lasted until AD 1000

zaman kegelapan, Abad Pertengahan Awal

zaman kegelapan, Abad Pertengahan Awal

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the Middle Ages
[Kata benda]

an era in European history, between about AD 1000 and AD 1500, when the authority of kings, people of high rank, and the Christian Church was unquestionable

Abad Pertengahan, periode Abad Pertengahan

Abad Pertengahan, periode Abad Pertengahan

Ex: The Black Death was a devastating pandemic that struck Europe in the late Middle Ages, killing millions.Kematian Hitam adalah pandemi yang menghancurkan yang melanda Eropa pada akhir **Abad Pertengahan**, menewaskan jutaan orang.
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Iron Age
[Kata benda]

the period that began about 1100 BC when people used iron tools for the first time

Zaman Besi, Era Besi

Zaman Besi, Era Besi

Ex: The Iron Age brought about changes in social structures and trade , as iron became a valuable and widely-used resource .**Zaman Besi** membawa perubahan dalam struktur sosial dan perdagangan, karena besi menjadi sumber daya yang berharga dan banyak digunakan.
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Bronze Age
[Kata benda]

the period when iron was not discovered and people used bronze to make tools

Zaman Perunggu, Masa Perunggu

Zaman Perunggu, Masa Perunggu

Ex: Trade flourished during the Bronze Age, as cultures exchanged bronze goods , ideas , and innovations across vast distances .Perdagangan berkembang pesat selama **Zaman Perunggu**, saat budaya-budaya saling bertukar barang perunggu, ide, dan inovasi melintasi jarak yang sangat jauh.
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christian era
[Kata benda]

the period that began with Christ's birth

era Kristen, zaman Kristen

era Kristen, zaman Kristen

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paleontology
[Kata benda]

the branch of science that studies fossils

paleontologi

paleontologi

Ex: Through paleontology, researchers have gained insights into the mass extinction events that have shaped the history of life on our planet .Melalui **paleontologi**, para peneliti telah mendapatkan wawasan tentang peristiwa kepunahan massal yang telah membentuk sejarah kehidupan di planet kita.
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jurassic
[Adjektiva]

relating to the period between around 208 to 146 million years ago, when the largest known dinosaurs lived

jurassic, dari periode Jurassic

jurassic, dari periode Jurassic

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cretaceous
[Adjektiva]

relating to the period between approximately 146 and 65 million years ago, when dinosaurs lived (until their extinction)

kapur

kapur

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hellenistic
[Adjektiva]

relating to Greek history, language, and culture, especially the era from the death of Alexander the Great to the defeat of Cleopatra and Mark Antony in 31 BC, during which Greek culture thrived considerably

Helenistik

Helenistik

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Enlightenment
[Kata benda]

a philosophical movement in the late 17th and 18th centuries that emphasized reason and science were of more importance than tradition and religion

Pencerahan, Abad Pencerahan

Pencerahan, Abad Pencerahan

Ex: The Enlightenment had a profound impact on political thought, influencing the ideas of democracy and individual rights.**Pencerahan** memiliki dampak yang mendalam pada pemikiran politik, mempengaruhi ide-ide demokrasi dan hak individu.
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archaic
[Adjektiva]

dating back to the ancient past

arkaik, kuno

arkaik, kuno

Ex: Scholars study archaic symbols found in prehistoric cave paintings .Para sarjana mempelajari simbol-simbol **arkaik** yang ditemukan dalam lukisan gua prasejarah.
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barbarian
[Kata benda]

a person who was not a member of a great civilization (Greek, Roman, Christian) and was believed to be savage and uncivil

barbar, liar

barbar, liar

Ex: The term "barbarian" was often used by colonial powers to justify their conquest and domination of indigenous peoples in Africa, Asia, and the Americas.Istilah "**barbar**" sering digunakan oleh kekuatan kolonial untuk membenarkan penaklukan dan dominasi mereka atas penduduk asli di Afrika, Asia, dan Amerika.
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to chronicle
[kata kerja]

to record a series of historical events in a detailed way by a chronological order

mencatat, mengkronik

mencatat, mengkronik

Ex: The journalist chronicles the political upheavals of the past century in her investigative report .Wartawan **mencatat** pergolakan politik abad lalu dalam laporan investigasinya.
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anachronism
[Kata benda]

an object, person, or event that is out of place in terms of time or context, often appearing in a historical setting before its actual invention or introduction

anakronisme, ketidaksesuaian waktu

anakronisme, ketidaksesuaian waktu

Ex: The anachronism of a medieval knight wielding a firearm in a historical reenactment drew criticism from historians and enthusiasts for its inaccuracies .**Anakronisme** seorang kesatria abad pertengahan yang menggunakan senjata api dalam reka ulang sejarah menarik kritik dari sejarawan dan penggemar karena ketidakakuratannya.
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archeology
[Kata benda]

the study of civilizations of the past and historical periods by the excavation of sites and the analysis of artifacts and other physical remains

arkeologi, studi peradaban kuno

arkeologi, studi peradaban kuno

Ex: The field of archaeology includes various sub-disciplines such as maritime archaeology, historical archaeology, and bioarchaeology.Bidang **arkeologi** mencakup berbagai sub-disiplin seperti arkeologi maritim, arkeologi sejarah, dan bioarkeologi.
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colony
[Kata benda]

any territory under the full or partial control of another more powerful nation, often occupied by settlers from that nation

koloni, wilayah di bawah kendali

koloni, wilayah di bawah kendali

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ruin
[Kata benda]

(plural) the remains of something such as a building after it has been seriously damaged or destroyed

reruntuhan, puing

reruntuhan, puing

Ex: The archaeological team discovered the ruins of an ancient city .Tim arkeologi menemukan **reruntuhan** kota kuno.
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circa
[preposisi]

used typically before a date to show that it is not exact

sekitar,  kira-kira

sekitar, kira-kira

Ex: The painting was created circa the 18th century.Lukisan itu dibuat **sekitar** abad ke-18.
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tsar
[Kata benda]

the king or emperor of Russia prior to 1917

tsar, czar

tsar, czar

Ex: The term "tsar" is derived from the Latin word " Caesar " and is equivalent to the title of " emperor " in other European monarchies .Istilah "**tsar**" berasal dari kata Latin "Caesar" dan setara dengan gelar "kaisar" di monarki Eropa lainnya.
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the Commonwealth
[Kata benda]

the political structure during a period in the history of the UK between 1649 and 1660, called the interregnum, during which the country was ruled without a king or queen

Persemakmuran, Republik

Persemakmuran, Republik

Ex: The Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting (CHOGM) is held every two years, providing leaders of member states with the opportunity to discuss and address issues of common concern.Pertemuan Kepala Pemerintahan **Persemakmuran** (CHOGM) diadakan setiap dua tahun sekali, memberikan kesempatan kepada para pemimpin negara anggota untuk membahas dan menangani masalah kepentingan bersama.
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