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Продвинутый Словарный Запас для TOEFL - История

Здесь вы выучите некоторые английские слова по истории, такие как "доисторический период", "юрский период", "хроника" и т.д., которые необходимы для экзамена TOEFL.

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Advanced Words Needed for TOEFL
Stone age
Stone age
[существительное]

the early period of human history when people used things such as stone, horn, bone, etc. to make tools

каменный век

каменный век

Ex: The Stone Age was characterized by the use of simple stone tools and the development of early human societies. 
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prehistory
prehistory
[существительное]

the era in human history from which we have no written record

предыстория

предыстория

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ice age
ice age
[существительное]

one of the periods in history when ice covered large parts of the world

ледниковый период

ледниковый период

Ex: During the last ice age, vast glaciers covered much of North America and Europe. 
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antiquity
antiquity
[существительное]

the historical period before the Middle Ages, especially before the sixth century when Greeks and Romans were the most prosperous

древность

древность

Ex: Antiquity refers to the period in history before the Middle Ages, encompassing the civilizations of ancient Greece and Rome. 
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dark ages
dark ages
[существительное]

the era in European history commenced at the end of the Roman Empire in AD 476 and lasted until AD 1000

темные века

темные века

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the Middle Ages
the Middle Ages
[существительное]

an era in European history, between about AD 1000 and AD 1500, when the authority of kings, people of high rank, and the Christian Church was unquestionable

Средние века

Средние века

Ex: Castles and knights are iconic symbols of life during the Middle Ages. 
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Iron Age
Iron Age
[существительное]

the period that began about 1100 BC when people used iron tools for the first time

Железный век

Железный век

Ex: The Iron Age followed the Bronze Age and was marked by the widespread use of iron for tools and weapons. 
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Bronze Age
Bronze Age
[существительное]

the period when iron was not discovered and people used bronze to make tools

Бронзовый век

Бронзовый век

Ex: The Bronze Age marked a significant advancement in human technology with the development of metalworking skills. 
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christian era
christian era
[существительное]

the period that began with Christ's birth

христианская эра

христианская эра

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paleontology
paleontology
[существительное]

the branch of science that studies fossils

палеонтология

палеонтология

Ex: Paleontology has revealed fascinating details about the prehistoric creatures that roamed the Earth millions of years ago. 
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jurassic
jurassic
[прилагательное]

relating to the period between around 208 to 146 million years ago, when the largest known dinosaurs lived

юрский период

юрский период

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cretaceous
cretaceous
[прилагательное]

relating to the period between approximately 146 and 65 million years ago, when dinosaurs lived (until their extinction)

меловой период

меловой период

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hellenistic
hellenistic
[прилагательное]

relating to Greek history, language, and culture, especially the era from the death of Alexander the Great to the defeat of Cleopatra and Mark Antony in 31 BC, during which Greek culture thrived considerably

эллинистический

эллинистический

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Enlightenment
Enlightenment
[существительное]

a philosophical movement in the late 17th and 18th centuries that emphasized reason and science were of more importance than tradition and religion

эпоха просвещения

эпоха просвещения

Ex: The Enlightenment challenged traditional authority and promoted reason as the basis for understanding the world. 
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archaic
archaic
[прилагательное]

dating back to the ancient past

архаичный

архаичный

Ex: The museum has a collection of archaic pottery from ancient Greece. 
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barbarian
barbarian
[существительное]

a person belonging to a people or group regarded as uncivilized, foreign, or outside the dominant culture

варвар

варвар

Ex: The Romans considered the northern tribes to be barbarians. 
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to chronicle
to chronicle
[глагол]

to record a series of historical events in a detailed way by a chronological order

описать летопись

описать летопись

Ex: The historian chronicles the rise and fall of ancient civilizations in her latest book. 
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anachronism
anachronism
[существительное]

something occurring at a time when it could not have existed or happened

анахронизм

анахронизм

Ex: The speech referenced events that hadn't yet occurred—an unintentional anachronism. 
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archeology
archeology
[существительное]

the study of civilizations of the past and historical periods by the excavation of sites and the analysis of artifacts and other physical remains

археология

археология

Ex: Archaeology is the study of human history and prehistory through the excavation and analysis of artifacts, sites, and other physical remains. 
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colony
colony
[существительное]

any territory under the full or partial control of another more powerful nation, often occupied by settlers from that nation

колония

колония

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ruin
ruin
[существительное]

(plural) the remains of something such as a building after it has been seriously damaged or destroyed

руина

руина

Ex: They explored the ruins of an old castle during their trip. 
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circa
circa
[предлог]

used typically before a date to show that it is not exact

около

около

Ex: The first records appeared circa 1500. 
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tsar
tsar
[существительное]

the king or emperor of Russia prior to 1917

царь

царь

Ex: The tsar was the title used by the rulers of Russia before the Russian Revolution of 1917, signifying their absolute authority and sovereignty. 
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the Commonwealth
the Commonwealth
[существительное]

the political structure during a period in the history of the UK between 1649 and 1660, called the interregnum, during which the country was ruled without a king or queen

британское Содружество Наций

британское Содружество Наций

Ex: The Commonwealth is an association of independent states, most of which were former territories of the British Empire, that cooperate on matters of mutual interest. 
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