واژگان ضروری برای TOEFL - علت و معلول

to cause something to happen

موجب شدن, سبب شدن

the primary cause of something

منشأ, عامل

the result or consequence of a situation, event, or action

نتیجه, پیامد

to give rise to a certain reaction or feeling, particularly suddenly

تحریک کردن

to directly cause something

منجر شدن, حاصل شدن

to provoke by bringing a feeling or memory into the mind

برانگیختن (احساسات)

to originate from a particular source or factor

نشات گرفتن, حاصل از چیزی بودن

being the main cause of something

مسبب, موجب، عامل، باعث

a result of a situation or action that was not meant to happen

اثر جانبی, اثر جانبی

in a manner that is important or large enough to be noticed or effective

به‌طور قابل‌ ملاحظه‌ای, به‌طور چشمگیر

used to introduce a result based on the information or actions that came before

بنابراین, بدین ترتیب

an abrupt increase in something's number or amount

افزایش ناگهانی

(of a price, amount, etc.) to increase suddenly and significantly

به شدت افزایش یافتن, به‌صورت نجومی بالا رفتن

(of prices, values, temperature, etc.) to suddenly decrease in a significant amount

ناگهان کاهش یافتن

to decrease in degree, amount, quality, or strength

کم شدن, کاهش یافتن، پایین رفتن

to cause or bring about something

باعث وقوع چیزی شدن

a thing or person resulted from something particular

ثمره, نتیجه

not achieving the desired outcome or intended result

بیهوده, بی‌نتیجه، بی‌اثر

in a manner that is gradually growing in degree, extent, or frequency over time

به‌طور فزاینده

(particularly of a price, rate, etc.) to increase sharply

ناگهان افزایش یافتن

a sharp increase in something, such as price, etc.

افزایش ناگهانی, جهش ناگهانی

a possible consequence that something can bring about

پیامد, نتیجه احتمالی

to significantly increase in quantity

به طرز چشمگیری افزایش دادن, چندبرابر کردن

used to say that one thing is a result of another

از این رو, بنابراین

to reduce in amount, size, intensity, etc.

کاهش یافتن, پایین آمدن

in a way that results in the desired outcome

به‌طور مؤثر

someone or something's role in achieving a specific result, particularly a positive one

نقش (در رسیدن به چیزی)

used to indicate a logical result or effect

در نتیجه

the outcome of an event especially as relative to an individual

عاقبت

(of prices, shares, etc.) to suddenly decrease in terms of amount or value

سقوط کردن (ارزش و...)

(of currencies, prices, etc.) to increase in value

افزایش یافتن, بالا رفتن

used to indicate what happens as a result of something

پیرو, به‌دنبال، در نتیجه، پس از

to begin to exist or become noticeable

پدید آمدن, به وجود آمدن

related to the relationship between two things in which one is the cause of the other

علتی, سببی

to increase in terms of amount, value, intensity, etc.

ترقی کردن, بالا رفتن

to increase or improve the progress, growth, or success of something

تقویت کردن, بهبود بخشیدن