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Mahalagang Bokabularyo para sa TOEFL - Sanhi at Bunga

Dito ay matututunan mo ang ilang mga salitang Ingles tungkol sa sanhi at epekto, tulad ng "ugat", "itaas", "kaya", atbp. na kailangan para sa pagsusulit na TOEFL.

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Pagsusulit

Simulan ang pag-aaral
Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
to trigger
to trigger
[Pandiwa]

to cause an event, process, or reaction to begin

Ex: The announcement triggered widespread criticism. 
root
root
[Pangngalan]

the primary cause of something

ugat, pinagmulan

ugat, pinagmulan

Ex: Understanding the root of the problem is essential for finding an effective solution to the conflict. 
outcome
outcome
[Pangngalan]

the result or consequence of a situation, event, or action

kinalabasan, resulta

kinalabasan, resulta

Ex: Market trends can often predict the outcome of business investments. 
to provoke
to provoke
[Pandiwa]

to cause a particular reaction, feeling, or response

mangudyong,  pukawin

mangudyong, pukawin

Ex: The announcement provoked an immediate reaction from the audience. 
to result
to result
[Pandiwa]

to directly cause something

maging sanhi, magresulta

maging sanhi, magresulta

Ex: His reckless behavior resulted in a car accident. 
to raise
to raise
[Pandiwa]

to provoke by bringing a feeling or memory into the mind

pukawin, alalahanin

pukawin, alalahanin

Ex: It had been a difficult day but she managed to raise a smile. 
to stem from
to stem from
[Pandiwa]

to originate from a particular source or factor

nagmula sa, buhat sa

nagmula sa, buhat sa

Ex: The economic downturn stems from global market fluctuations. 

Ang paghina ng ekonomiya ay nagmumula sa mga pagbabago sa pandaigdigang merkado.

responsible
responsible
[pang-uri]

being the main cause of something

may pananagutan, sanhi

may pananagutan, sanhi

Ex: The heavy rain was responsible for the flooding in the area. 

Ang malakas na ulan ang nagdulot ng pagbaha sa lugar.

side effect
side effect
[Pangngalan]

a result of a situation or action that was not meant to happen

epekto, hindi sinasadyang resulta

epekto, hindi sinasadyang resulta

Ex: The new policy aimed to boost economic growth, but an unintended side effect was increased inflation. 

Ang bagong patakaran ay naglalayong pasiglahin ang paglago ng ekonomiya, ngunit ang isang hindi sinasadyang side effect ay ang pagtaas ng inflation.

significantly
significantly
[pang-abay]

to a noticeable or considerable extent

nang malaki, nang kapansin-pansin

nang malaki, nang kapansin-pansin

Ex: The company's revenue has grown significantly since last quarter. 

Ang kita ng kumpanya ay lubhang lumago mula noong nakaraang quarter.

thus
thus
[pang-abay]

used to introduce a result based on the information or actions that came before

kaya, samakatuwid

kaya, samakatuwid

Ex: The new software significantly improved efficiency; thus, the company experienced a notable increase in productivity. 
surge
surge
[Pangngalan]

a sudden large increase in amount, level, intensity, or activity

pag-akyat,  pagdami

pag-akyat, pagdami

Ex: The city experienced a surge in tourism that summer. 
to rocket
to rocket
[Pandiwa]

(of a price, amount, etc.) to increase suddenly and significantly

biglang tumaas, lumipad

biglang tumaas, lumipad

Ex: The price of crude oil rocketed after the announcement of the supply cut. 

Ang presyo ng crude oil ay biglang tumaas matapos ang anunsyo ng pagbawas ng suplay.

to plunge
to plunge
[Pandiwa]

to decrease suddenly and by a large amount

bumagsak,  bumulusok

bumagsak, bumulusok

Ex: Temperatures plunged below freezing overnight. 
to lower
to lower
[Pandiwa]

to become lower or decrease in amount, degree, level, or intensity

bumaba,  humina

bumaba, humina

Ex: Temperatures usually lower slightly after sunset. 
to produce
to produce
[Pandiwa]

to cause or bring about something

maging sanhi, lumikha

maging sanhi, lumikha

Ex: No conventional drug had produced any significant change. 
product
product
[Pangngalan]

a thing or person resulted from something particular

produkto, resulta

produkto, resulta

Ex: His success is a product of years of hard work and dedication. 
ineffective
ineffective
[pang-uri]

not achieving the desired outcome or intended result

hindi epektibo, walang bisa

hindi epektibo, walang bisa

Ex: The medication proved to be ineffective in treating the patient's condition. 

Ang gamot ay napatunayang hindi epektibo sa paggamot sa kondisyon ng pasyente.

increasingly
increasingly
[pang-abay]

in a manner that is gradually growing in degree, extent, or frequency over time

lalong

lalong

Ex: The company is increasingly investing in sustainable practices. 

Ang kumpanya ay lalong namumuhunan sa mga sustainable na kasanayan.

to jump
to jump
[Pandiwa]

(particularly of a price, rate, etc.) to increase sharply

tumalon, lumipad

tumalon, lumipad

Ex: The announcement of a new government policy caused fuel prices to jump at the pump. 
leap
leap
[Pangngalan]

a sudden and large increase in amount, number, or value

paglukso,  pagtaas

paglukso, pagtaas

Ex: The company reported a sharp leap in profits. 
implication
implication
[Pangngalan]

a possible consequence that something can bring about

implikasyon,  bunga

implikasyon, bunga

Ex: His decision to cut costs has serious implications for employee morale. 
to multiply
to multiply
[Pandiwa]

to increase greatly in number, amount, or degree, or to cause something to do so

paramihin,  dumami

paramihin, dumami

Ex: Complaints about the service have multiplied in recent months. 
hence
hence
[pang-abay]

used to say that one thing is a result of another

kaya, samakatuwid

kaya, samakatuwid

Ex: She missed the bus, hence she arrived late to the meeting. 

Na-miss niya ang bus, kaya nahuli siya sa pulong.

to decline
to decline
[Pandiwa]

to reduce in amount, size, intensity, etc.

bumababa, lumiliit

bumababa, lumiliit

Ex: Morale among the employees was declining during the restructuring period. 
effectively
effectively
[pang-abay]

in a way that results in the desired outcome

mabisa,  sa isang mabisang paraan

mabisa, sa isang mabisang paraan

Ex: The new software streamlined the company's workflow, allowing employees to communicate more effectively. 

Ang bagong software ay nag-streamline sa workflow ng kumpanya, na nagpapahintulot sa mga empleyado na makipag-usap nang mas epektibo.

contribution
contribution
[Pangngalan]

someone or something's role in achieving a specific result, particularly a positive one

kontribusyon

kontribusyon

Ex: Employees are rewarded based on their individual contributions to the company's success. 
consequently
consequently
[pang-abay]

used to indicate a logical result or effect

dahil dito,  kaya

dahil dito, kaya

Ex: The team neglected to conduct thorough testing, and consequently, several critical errors emerged in the final product. 

Napabayaan ng koponan na magsagawa ng masusing pagsusuri, at dahil dito, lumitaw ang ilang kritikal na pagkakamali sa huling produkto.

consequence
consequence
[Pangngalan]

the outcome or result of an event, especially as it affects an individual

kinalabasan, resulta

kinalabasan, resulta

Ex: The decision carried consequences for all employees. 
to collapse
to collapse
[Pandiwa]

(of prices, shares, etc.) to suddenly decrease in terms of amount or value

bumagsak, lumubog

bumagsak, lumubog

Ex: Investors panicked when cryptocurrency values collapsed overnight. 
to gain
to gain
[Pandiwa]

(of currencies, prices, etc.) to increase in value

tumaas, lumago

tumaas, lumago

Ex: She noticed that her savings gained interest over time. 
following
following
[Preposisyon]

used to indicate what happens as a result of something

kasunod ng, pagkatapos ng

kasunod ng, pagkatapos ng

Ex: The meeting will take place on Monday, with a team lunch following the discussion. 
to arise
to arise
[Pandiwa]

to begin to exist or become noticeable

lumitaw, magkaroon

lumitaw, magkaroon

Ex: Unexpected challenges can arise during the course of a project, requiring swift problem-solving. 
causal
causal
[pang-uri]

related to the relationship between two things in which one is the cause of the other

sanhi, may kaugnayan sa sanhi at bunga

sanhi, may kaugnayan sa sanhi at bunga

Ex: She wrote a paper on the causal link between poverty and crime. 

Sumulat siya ng isang papel sa causal na ugnayan sa pagitan ng kahirapan at krimen.

to climb
to climb
[Pandiwa]

to increase in terms of amount, value, intensity, etc.

tumaas, umakyat

tumaas, umakyat

Ex: With successful marketing strategies, the sales of the product began to climb steadily. 
to boost
to boost
[Pandiwa]

to increase or improve the progress, growth, or success of something

dagdagan, pagbutihin

dagdagan, pagbutihin

Ex: Regular exercise can boost your overall health and well-being. 
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