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Vocabulaire pour IELTS (Académique) - Problèmes Mondiaux

Ici, vous apprendrez quelques mots anglais sur les problèmes mondiaux, tels que "pauvreté", "tsunami", "collecte de fonds", etc., qui sont nécessaires pour l'examen IELTS.

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Words for Academic IELTS
environmental
environmental
[Adjectif]

relating to the natural world and effects of human actions on it

environnemental

environnemental

Ex: Environmental degradation, caused by deforestation and habitat destruction, leads to loss of biodiversity. 

La dégradation environnementale, causée par la déforestation et la destruction des habitats, entraîne une perte de biodiversité.

pollution

a change in water, air, etc. that makes it harmful or dangerous

pollution

pollution

Ex: Air pollution from nearby factories made the city's air quality dangerously low. 
poverty
poverty
[nom]

the condition of lacking enough money or income to afford basic needs like food, clothing, etc.

pauvreté

pauvreté

Ex: The government is working on policies to reduce poverty in rural communities. 
hunger
hunger
[nom]

the serious state in which one suffers from lack of food, and may result in death or disease

faim

faim

Ex: They provided emergency food supplies to those facing hunger. 
famine
famine
[nom]

a situation where there is not enough food that causes hunger and death

famine

famine

Ex: Many farmers lost their livestock during the famine. 

De nombreux agriculteurs ont perdu leur bétail pendant la famine.

labor
labor
[nom]

work, particularly difficult physical work

labeur

labeur

Ex: The farm relied on seasonal labor to harvest the crops efficiently. 
genocide

a mass murder committed in order to destroy a particular nation, religious or ethnic group, or race

génocide

génocide

Ex: The international community condemned the genocide in Rwanda during the early 1990s. 

La communauté internationale a condamné le génocide au Rwanda au début des années 1990.

globalization

the fact that the cultures and economic systems around the world are becoming connected and similar as a result of improvement in communications and development of multinational corporations

mondialisation

mondialisation

Ex: The spread of social media is a key driver of globalization, connecting people across continents. 

La propagation des médias sociaux est un facteur clé de la mondialisation, reliant les personnes à travers les continents.

economic crisis

a severe economic state that is marked by high rates of inflation, unemployment or depression

crise économique

crise économique

tsunami
tsunami
[nom]

a very high wave or series of waves caused by an undersea earthquake or volcanic eruption

tsunami

tsunami

Ex: Tsunami warning systems are crucial in alerting coastal communities to potential danger. 

Les systèmes d'alerte aux tsunamis sont essentiels pour avertir les communautés côtières d'un danger potentiel.

recession

a hard time in a country's economy characterized by a reduction in employment, production, and trade

récession

récession

Ex: The government implemented measures to stimulate the economy and help mitigate the effects of the recession. 
illiteracy

the inability to read and write

illettrisme

illettrisme

Ex: The charity focuses on preventing illiteracy by training volunteer tutors. 

L'organisme de bienfaisance se concentre sur la prévention de l'analphabétisme en formant des tuteurs bénévoles.

discrimination

the unfair treatment of a person or group based on characteristics such as race, sex, age, or religion

discrimination

discrimination

Ex: Federal law prohibits certain forms of employment discrimination. 
refugee
refugee
[nom]

a person forced to leave their country or home to escape war, persecution, or serious danger

réfugié, réfugiée

réfugié, réfugiée

Ex: Maria volunteered at a center that provides food and clothing to refugees. 
homelessness

the fact or condition of not having a home

absence de domicile, problème des sans-abri

absence de domicile, problème des sans-abri

Ex: Homelessness can result from a variety of factors, including job loss, mental illness, or family breakdowns. 

Le sans-abrisme peut résulter de divers facteurs, notamment la perte d'emploi, la maladie mentale ou les ruptures familiales.

peaceful
peaceful
[Adjectif]

free from conflict, violence, or disorder

en paix, sans guerre

en paix, sans guerre

Ex: After the coup, citizens longed to return to the peaceful stability of the prior democratic government. 

Après le coup d'État, les citoyens aspiraient à retrouver la stabilité pacifique du gouvernement démocratique précédent.

fundraiser

a social event held with the intention of raising money for a charity or political party

gala de bienfaisance, collecte de fonds, événement destiné à collecter des fonds

gala de bienfaisance, collecte de fonds, événement destiné à collecter des fonds

Ex: The political candidate hosted a fundraiser to support their campaign for public office, attracting donors and supporters from the community. 

Le candidat politique a organisé une collecte de fonds pour soutenir sa campagne pour un poste public, attirant des donateurs et des partisans de la communauté.

to volunteer

to offer to do something without being forced or without payment

se porter volontaire

se porter volontaire

Ex: Students often volunteer to assist with community events to give back to their neighborhoods. 
citizenship

the legal status of being a member of a certain country

citoyenneté

citoyenneté

Ex: Obtaining citizenship often involves fulfilling specific criteria such as residency, language proficiency, and knowledge of the country's laws. 

L'obtention de la citoyenneté implique souvent de remplir des critères spécifiques tels que la résidence, la maîtrise de la langue et la connaissance des lois du pays.

to reduce
to reduce
[verbe]

to make something smaller in amount, degree, price, etc.

diminuer, réduire

diminuer, réduire

Ex: Regular exercise and a healthy diet can help reduce the risk of certain diseases. 
deforestation

the extensive removal of forests, typically causing environmental damage

déforestation

déforestation

Ex: Governments are enacting laws to slow deforestation and protect forests. 

Les gouvernements promulguent des lois pour ralentir la déforestation et protéger les forêts.

ecosystem

a community of living organisms together with their physical environment, interacting as a system

écosystème

écosystème

Ex: The Amazon rainforest is a vital ecosystem that regulates global climate patterns. 

La forêt amazonienne est un écosystème vital qui régule les modèles climatiques mondiaux.

climate change

a permanent change in global or regional climate patterns, including temperature, wind, and rainfall

changement climatique

changement climatique

Ex: Climate change is causing shifts in agricultural practices. 

Le changement climatique provoque des changements dans les pratiques agricoles.

global warming

the increase in the average temperature of the Earth as a result of the greenhouse effect

réchauffement de la planète

réchauffement de la planète

Ex: Reducing carbon emissions can help slow global warming. 

Réduire les émissions de carbone peut aider à ralentir le réchauffement climatique.

to reuse
to reuse
[verbe]

to use something once more, usually for a different purpose

réutiliser

réutiliser

Ex: He reused cardboard boxes to create a DIY storage solution. 

Il a réutilisé des cartons pour créer une solution de stockage DIY.

to preserve

to cause something to remain in its original state without any significant change

préserver

préserver

Ex: Conservation efforts work to preserve natural ecosystems and biodiversity. 
sweatshop

a workplace, particularly one in which people produce clothing items, with poor conditions where workers are paid very low wages

atelier de misère, atelier d'exploitation, atelier de pressurage

atelier de misère, atelier d'exploitation, atelier de pressurage

Ex: Many multinational corporations have come under scrutiny for outsourcing production to countries with lax labor laws, allowing sweatshops to flourish. 

De nombreuses multinationales ont été critiquées pour avoir externalisé leur production dans des pays aux lois du travail laxistes, permettant ainsi aux ateliers de misère de prospérer.

recycling

the process of making waste products usable again

recyclage

recyclage

Ex: He teaches children about the benefits of recycling. 

Il enseigne aux enfants les avantages du recyclage.

military
military
[Adjectif]

relating to the study or principles of warfare

militaire

militaire

Ex: The book analyzes military theory across centuries. 
expenditure

a sum of money paid or spent

dépenses

dépenses

Ex: Household expenditures on groceries rose this year. 
natural disaster

any destruction caused by the nature that results in a great amount of damage or the death of many, such as an earthquake, flood, etc.

catastrophe naturelle

catastrophe naturelle

Ex: A natural disaster like an earthquake can change lives in seconds. 

Une catastrophe naturelle comme un tremblement de terre peut changer des vies en quelques secondes.

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