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Словарный Запас для IELTS (Академический) - Глобальные проблемы

Здесь вы узнаете некоторые английские слова о глобальных проблемах, таких как "бедность", "цунами", "сбор средств" и т.д., которые необходимы для экзамена IELTS.

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Words for Academic IELTS
environmental
environmental
[прилагательное]

relating to the natural world and effects of human actions on it

экологический

экологический

Ex: Environmental pollution, such as air and water pollution, poses threats to both human health and the ecosystem. 
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pollution
pollution
[существительное]

a change in water, air, etc. that makes it harmful or dangerous

загрязнение

загрязнение

Ex: The pollution in the lake has made the water toxic to fish and plants. 
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poverty
poverty
[существительное]

the condition of lacking enough money or income to afford basic needs like food, clothing, etc.

бедность

бедность

Ex: Many families in the area live in poverty and struggle to access basic services. 
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hunger
hunger
[существительное]

the serious state in which one suffers from lack of food, and may result in death or disease

голод

голод

Ex: The organization works to alleviate hunger in underserved communities. 
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famine
famine
[существительное]

a situation where there is not enough food that causes hunger and death

голод

голод

Ex: Many children were orphaned as a result of the famine. 
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labor
labor
[существительное]

work, particularly difficult physical work

труд

труд

Ex: The construction workers performed hours of hard labor under the scorching sun. 
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genocide
genocide
[существительное]

a mass murder committed in order to destroy a particular nation, religious or ethnic group, or race

геноцид

геноцид

Ex: The United Nations defines genocide as acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial, or religious group. 
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globalization
globalization
[существительное]

the fact that the cultures and economic systems around the world are becoming connected and similar as a result of improvement in communications and development of multinational corporations

глобализация

глобализация

Ex: Globalization has led to an increase in international trade and economic cooperation. 
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economic crisis
economic crisis
[существительное]

a severe economic state that is marked by high rates of inflation, unemployment or depression

экономический кризис

экономический кризис

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tsunami
tsunami
[существительное]

a very high wave or series of waves caused by an undersea earthquake or volcanic eruption

цунами

цунами

Ex: The devastating tsunami in 2004 wreaked havoc across coastal regions of Southeast Asia. 
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recession
recession
[существительное]

a hard time in a country's economy characterized by a reduction in employment, production, and trade

спад

спад

Ex: During the recession, many businesses were forced to close, leading to widespread job losses. 
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illiteracy
illiteracy
[существительное]

the inability to read and write

неграмотность

неграмотность

Ex: Adult illiteracy in the region made it difficult for residents to complete official forms. 
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discrimination
discrimination
[существительное]

the practice of treating a person or different categories of people less fairly than others

дискриминация

дискриминация

Ex: The company faced a lawsuit for discrimination against female employees. 
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refugee
refugee
[существительное]

a person who is forced to leave their own country because of war, natural disaster, etc.

беженец

беженец

Ex: The refugee camp provided shelter and basic necessities to displaced families. 
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homelessness
homelessness
[существительное]

the fact or condition of not having a home

бездомность

бездомность

Ex: The city has launched several initiatives to reduce homelessness and provide support to those in need. 
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peaceful
peaceful
[прилагательное]

free from conflict, violence, or disorder

мирный

мирный

Ex: The small village lived in peaceful isolation, untouched by the wars raging in surrounding lands. 
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fundraiser
fundraiser
[существительное]

a social event held with the intention of raising money for a charity or political party

благотворительная акция

благотворительная акция

Ex: The nonprofit organization organized a successful fundraiser to raise funds for humanitarian aid in disaster-affected areas. 
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to volunteer
to volunteer
[глагол]

to offer to do something without being forced or without payment

добровольно вызваться

добровольно вызваться

Ex: She decided to volunteer at the animal shelter to contribute to animal welfare. 
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citizenship
citizenship
[существительное]

the legal status of being a member of a certain country

гражданство

гражданство

Ex: Citizenship is the legal status that grants individuals certain rights and responsibilities within a country. 
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to reduce
to reduce
[глагол]

to make something smaller in amount, degree, price, etc.

сокращать, уменьшать

сокращать, уменьшать

Ex: The company decided to reduce the prices of its products to attract more customers. 
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deforestation
deforestation
[существительное]

the extensive removal of forests, typically causing environmental damage

вырубка лесов

вырубка лесов

Ex: Large-scale deforestation is driven by the demand for agricultural land. 
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ecosystem
ecosystem
[существительное]

a community of living organisms together with their physical environment, interacting as a system

экосистема

экосистема

Ex: Coral reefs are diverse ecosystems that support a wide range of marine life. 
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climate change
climate change
[существительное]

a permanent change in global or regional climate patterns, including temperature, wind, and rainfall

изменение климата

изменение климата

Ex: Climate change is a major concern for future generations. 
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global warming
global warming
[существительное]

the increase in the average temperature of the Earth as a result of the greenhouse effect

глобальное потепление

глобальное потепление

Ex: Scientists link global warming to rising sea levels. 
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to reuse
to reuse
[глагол]

to use something once more, usually for a different purpose

повторно использовать

повторно использовать

Ex: She decided to reuse old jars as containers for her homemade jams. 
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to preserve
to preserve
[глагол]

to cause something to remain in its original state without any significant change

оберегать

оберегать

Ex: Historical artifacts are preserved in museums to maintain their original condition. 
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sweatshop
sweatshop
[существительное]

a workplace, particularly one in which people produce clothing items, with poor conditions where workers are paid very low wages

потогонный цех

потогонный цех

Ex: The fashion industry has faced criticism for its use of sweatshops, where workers are often subjected to long hours, low pay, and unsafe working conditions. 
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recycling
recycling
[существительное]

the process of making waste products usable again

переработка

переработка

Ex: Recycling helps reduce environmental pollution. 
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military
military
[прилагательное]

relating to the study or principles of warfare

военный

военный

Ex: He specialized in military strategy at the academy. 
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expenditure
expenditure
[существительное]

a sum of money paid or spent

расходование

расходование

Ex: The company's annual expenditure on research exceeded expectations. 
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natural disaster
natural disaster
[существительное]

any destruction caused by the nature that results in a great amount of damage or the death of many, such as an earthquake, flood, etc.

природная катастрофа

природная катастрофа

Ex: The city was devastated by a natural disaster, leaving many homeless. 
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