Vocabulário para IELTS (Acadêmico) - Assuntos globais

relating to the natural world and effects of human actions on it

ambiental, ecológico

a change in water, air, etc. that makes it harmful or dangerous

poluição, contaminação

the condition of lacking enough money or income to afford basic needs like food, clothing, etc.

pobreza

the serious state in which one suffers from lack of food, and may result in death or disease

fome, desnutrição

a situation where there is not enough food that causes hunger and death

fome, escassez de alimentos

work, particularly difficult physical work

trabalho, labor

a mass murder committed in order to destroy a particular nation, religious or ethnic group, or race

genocídio

the fact that the cultures and economic systems around the world are becoming connected and similar as a result of improvement in communications and development of multinational corporations

globalização

a severe economic state that is marked by high rates of inflation, unemployment or depression

crise econômica, emergência econômica

a very high wave or series of waves caused by an undersea earthquake or volcanic eruption

tsunami

a hard time in a country's economy characterized by a reduction in employment, production, and trade

recessão

the lack of ability to read or write

analfabetismo, iletrismo

the practice of treating a person or different categories of people less fairly than others

discriminação

a person who is forced to leave their own country because of war, natural disaster, etc.

refugiado, refugiada

the fact or condition of not having a home

falta de habitação, desabrigo

free from conflict, violence, or disorder

pacífico, tranquilo

a social event held with the intention of raising money for a charity or political party

evento de arrecadação de fundos, coleta de fundos

to offer to do something without being forced or without payment

oferecer-se, fazer trabalho voluntário

the legal status of being a member of a certain country

cidadania, nacionalidade

to make something smaller in amount, degree, price, etc.

reduzir, diminuir

the extensive removal of forests, typically causing environmental damage

desmatamento

a community of living organisms together with their physical environment, interacting as a system

ecossistema

a permanent change in global or regional climate patterns, including temperature, wind, and rainfall

mudança climática

the increase in the average temperature of the Earth as a result of the greenhouse effect

aquecimento global, aumento da temperatura média

to use something once more, usually for a different purpose

reutilizar, usar novamente

to cause something to remain in its original state without any significant change

preservar, conservar

a workplace, particularly one in which people produce clothing items, with poor conditions where workers are paid very low wages

sweatshop, fábrica de exploração

the process of making waste products usable again

reciclagem

using warfare to achieve a goal

militar, bélico

an amount of money that is spent by a government, company or individual

despesa, gasto

any destruction caused by the nature that results in a great amount of damage or the death of many, such as an earthquake, flood, etc.

desastre natural, catástrofe natural