IELTS के लिए शब्दावली (शैक्षणिक) - वैश्विक मामले

relating to the natural world and effects of human actions on it

पर्यावरणीय, पारिस्थितिकी

a change in water, air, etc. that makes it harmful or dangerous

प्रदूषण, संदूषण

the condition of lacking enough money or income to afford basic needs like food, clothing, etc.

गरीबी

the serious state in which one suffers from lack of food, and may result in death or disease

भुखमरी, कुपोषण

a situation where there is not enough food that causes hunger and death

अकाल, भोजन की कमी

work, particularly difficult physical work

श्रम, कार्य

a mass murder committed in order to destroy a particular nation, religious or ethnic group, or race

जाति विलुप्ति

the fact that the cultures and economic systems around the world are becoming connected and similar as a result of improvement in communications and development of multinational corporations

वैश्वीकरण

a severe economic state that is marked by high rates of inflation, unemployment or depression

आर्थिक संकट, अर्थव्यवस्था संकट

a very high wave or series of waves caused by an undersea earthquake or volcanic eruption

सुनामी

a hard time in a country's economy characterized by a reduction in employment, production, and trade

अर्थसंकट

the lack of ability to read or write

अशिक्षा, निरक्षरता

the practice of treating a person or different categories of people less fairly than others

भेदभाव

a person who is forced to leave their own country because of war, natural disaster, etc.

शरणार्थी, शरणार्थिनी

the fact or condition of not having a home

बेरोज़गारी, आवासहीनता

free from conflict, violence, or disorder

शांत, निर्मल

a social event held with the intention of raising money for a charity or political party

धन संग्रहकर्ता, धन जुटाने वाला कार्यक्रम

to offer to do something without being forced or without payment

स्वयंसेवक बनना, स्वेच्छा से सहायता देना

the legal status of being a member of a certain country

नागरिकता, राष्ट्रीयता

to make something smaller in amount, degree, price, etc.

कम करना, घटाना

the extensive removal of forests, typically causing environmental damage

वनों की कटाई

a community of living organisms together with their physical environment, interacting as a system

पारिस्थितिकी तंत्र

a permanent change in global or regional climate patterns, including temperature, wind, and rainfall

जलवायु परिवर्तन

the increase in the average temperature of the Earth as a result of the greenhouse effect

वैश्विक गर्मी, भूमि के औसत तापमान में वृद्धि

to use something once more, usually for a different purpose

पुनः उपयोग करना, फिर से उपयोग करना

to cause something to remain in its original state without any significant change

संरक्षित करना, सुरक्षित करना

a workplace, particularly one in which people produce clothing items, with poor conditions where workers are paid very low wages

पसीने की दुकान, श्रम शोषण कारखाना

the process of making waste products usable again

पुनर्चक्रण

using warfare to achieve a goal

सैन्य, युद्ध

an amount of money that is spent by a government, company or individual

व्यय, खर्च

any destruction caused by the nature that results in a great amount of damage or the death of many, such as an earthquake, flood, etc.

प्राकृतिक आपदा, प्राकृतिक आपत्ति