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Le livre English File - Avancé - Leçon 8A

Ici, vous trouverez le vocabulaire de la leçon 8A du manuel English File Advanced, comme "ecchymose", "crise cardiaque", "éruption cutanée", etc.

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English File - Advanced
health
[nom]

the general condition of a person's mind or body

santé

santé

Ex: He decided to take a break from work to focus on his health and well-being .Il a décidé de faire une pause dans son travail pour se concentrer sur sa **santé** et son bien-être.

the field of science that is concerned with treating injuries and diseases

médecin

médecin

Ex: The conference brought together experts from around the world to discuss the latest breakthroughs in medicine, including gene therapy and personalized treatment plans .La conférence a réuni des experts du monde entier pour discuter des dernières avancées en **médecine**, y compris la thérapie génique et les plans de traitement personnalisés.
bruise
[nom]

an injury on the skin that appears as a dark mark, caused by a blow involving the rupture of vessels underneath

bleu, contusion

bleu, contusion

Ex: He was embarrassed to show his friends the bruise on his side , a reminder of his clumsiness during a recent soccer match .Il était gêné de montrer à ses amis l'**ecchymose** sur son côté, un rappel de sa maladresse lors d'un récent match de football.
rash
[nom]

a part of one's skin covered with red spots, which is usually caused by a sickness or an allergic reaction

rougeurs, éruption

rougeurs, éruption

Ex: Treatment for a rash depends on its cause and may involve topical creams or ointments , oral medications , antihistamines , or addressing the underlying condition .Le traitement d'une **éruption cutanée** dépend de sa cause et peut impliquer des crèmes ou des pommades topiques, des médicaments oraux, des antihistaminiques ou le traitement de la condition sous-jacente.
blister
[nom]

a swollen area on the skin filled with liquid, caused by constant rubbing or by burning

ampoule, cloque

ampoule, cloque

Ex: In severe cases , large or infected blisters may require medical attention to prevent complications and promote healing .Dans les cas graves, les grosses **ampoules** ou celles qui sont infectées peuvent nécessiter une attention médicale pour éviter des complications et favoriser la guérison.

a secondary effect of any drug or medicine, usually an undesirable one

effet secondaire

effet secondaire

Ex: Although the pain reliever worked well for her headaches , she decided to stop taking it due to the unpleasant side effects that interfered with her daily activities .Bien que l'analgésique ait bien fonctionné pour ses maux de tête, elle a décidé d'arrêter de le prendre en raison des **effets secondaires** désagréables qui interféraient avec ses activités quotidiennes.
small
[Adjectif]

minor or limited in extent, intensity, or amount

petit, mineur

petit, mineur

Ex: The donation made a small difference , but every bit helped the community .Le don a fait une **petite** différence, mais chaque petit peu a aidé la communauté.
cut
[nom]

the act of dividing or separating something, typically with a knife or other sharp tool

coupe, incision

coupe, incision

Ex: Although the pain reliever worked well for her headaches, she decided to stop taking it due to the unpleasant side effects that interfered with her daily activities.Bien que l'analgésique ait bien fonctionné pour ses maux de tête, elle a décidé d'arrêter de le prendre en raison des effets secondaires désagréables qui interféraient avec ses activités quotidiennes.
deep
[Adjectif]

having a great distance from the surface to the bottom

profond

profond

Ex: They drilled a hole that was two meters deep to reach the underground pipes.Ils ont foré un trou de deux mètres de **profondeur** pour atteindre les tuyaux souterrains.

an inflammation of the throat that is typically caused by a viral or bacterial infection

infection de la gorge, angine

infection de la gorge, angine

Ex: To prevent a throat infection, it 's important to practice good hygiene , such as washing hands regularly and avoiding close contact with sick individuals .Pour prévenir une **infection de la gorge**, il est important de pratiquer une bonne hygiène, comme se laver les mains régulièrement et éviter les contacts étroits avec des personnes malades.
sprain
[nom]

a painful injury resulting in the sudden twist of a bone or joint, particularly one's wrist or ankles

entorse, foulure

entorse, foulure

Ex: A severe sprain can take weeks to heal , depending on the extent of the injury .Une **entorse** sévère peut prendre des semaines à guérir, selon l'étendue de la blessure.
ankle
[nom]

the joint that connects the foot to the leg

cheville

cheville

Ex: He sprained his ankle during the basketball game .Il s'est foulé la **cheville** pendant le match de basket.
broken
[Adjectif]

(of a thing) physically divided into pieces, because of being damaged, dropped, etc.

cassé, cassée

cassé, cassée

Ex: She looked at the broken vase , saddened by the broken pieces on the ground .Elle regarda le vase **cassé**, attristée par les morceaux **cassés** sur le sol.
arm
[nom]

one of the two body parts that is connected to the shoulder and ends with fingers

bras

bras

Ex: She used her arm to push open the heavy door .Elle a utilisé son **bras** pour pousser la lourde porte.
cold
[Adjectif]

having a temperature lower than the human body's average temperature

froid

froid

Ex: The ice cubes made the drink refreshingly cold.Les glaçons ont rendu la boisson rafraîchissamment **froide**.
flu
[nom]

an infectious disease similar to a bad cold, causing fever and severe pain

grippe

grippe

Ex: Wearing a mask can help prevent the spread of the flu.Porter un masque peut aider à prévenir la propagation de la **grippe**.

an illness resulting from the consumption of food or water contaminated with bacteria

intoxication alimentaire

intoxication alimentaire

Ex: The restaurant was temporarily closed after multiple reports of food poisoning from customers who ate there .Le restaurant a été temporairement fermé après de multiples signalements d'**intoxication alimentaire** de la part de clients qui y ont mangé.

a medical emergency that happens when blood flow to the heart is suddenly blocked, which is fatal in some cases

crise cardiaque

crise cardiaque

Ex: The sudden heart attack took everyone by surprise , highlighting the unpredictability of heart disease .La **crise cardiaque** soudaine a pris tout le monde par surprise, soulignant l'imprévisibilité des maladies cardiaques.
to stroke
[verbe]

to rub gently or caress an animal's fur or hair

caresser

caresser

Ex: To calm the nervous kitten , the veterinarian gently stroked its back while examining it .Pour calmer le chaton nerveux, le vétérinaire a doucement **caressé** son dos tout en l'examinant.

a physician who is not a specialist but treats people with acute and chronic illnesses who live in a particular area

médecin généraliste

médecin généraliste

Ex: The general practitioner emphasized the importance of preventive care , encouraging patients to maintain a healthy lifestyle to reduce the risk of chronic diseases .Le **médecin généraliste** a souligné l'importance des soins préventifs, encourageant les patients à maintenir un mode de vie sain pour réduire le risque de maladies chroniques.

a doctor who is highly trained in a particular area of medicine

spécialiste

spécialiste

Ex: The specialist’s office is located in the city ’s medical district .Le bureau du **spécialiste** est situé dans le quartier médical de la ville.
surgeon
[nom]

a doctor who performs medical operation

chirurgien, chirurgienne

chirurgien, chirurgienne

Ex: The surgeon explained the risks and benefits of the operation to the patient before proceeding .Le **chirurgien** a expliqué les risques et les avantages de l'opération au patient avant de procéder.

a medical doctor who specializes in the treatment of mental illnesses or behavioral disorders

psychiatre

psychiatre

Ex: The psychiatrist's office offers counseling services for individuals experiencing psychological distress .Le bureau du **psychiatre** propose des services de conseil pour les personnes en détresse psychologique.
simile
[nom]

a word or phrase that compares two things or people, highlighting the similarities, often introduced by 'like' or 'as'

comparaison

comparaison

Ex: The poet 's use of a simile comparing the stars to diamonds in the sky adds a touch of beauty and sparkle to the nighttime landscape .L'utilisation par le poète d'une **comparaison** comparant les étoiles à des diamants dans le ciel ajoute une touche de beauté et d'éclat au paysage nocturne.

used to describe someone who refuses to change their opinion or chosen course of action

Ex: Sheas stubborn as a mule when it comes to trying new foods , sticking to her familiar favorites without any willingness to explore different flavors .

completely lacking the ability to hear sounds

Ex: Emily turned up the volume on the TV, but her grandfather still couldn't hear a thing.

used to refer to someone who is unable to see well

Ex: Without my reading glasses , Ias blind as a bat to all the fine print .

used to refer to someone who is very healthy and in good physical condition

Ex: Despite his age , Mr. Johnson as fit as a fiddle by following a nutritious diet and engaging in daily exercise .

used to refer to someone who is extremely thin, often in an unhealthy way

Ex: Lisa is thin as a rake and she struggles to gain weight .

to eat an excessive amount of food

Ex: The children had been playing all day, and when dinner was served, they ate like horses, their plates quickly emptied and asking for seconds.

used to describe a very well-behaved and obedient individual, especially a child

Ex: The children were good as gold, waiting patiently at the entrance .

(of a person) not easily broken, weakened, or defeated

Ex: The marathon runner pushed through the grueling race with sheer determination.

a tough person who is not easily affected by emotions

Ex: The boxer hard as nails and never backed down from a fight .

to sleep in a way that one cannot be easily woken up

Ex: With the soft rain falling outside , she curled up under a blanket slept like a dog, completely unaware of the world around her .

to drink too much of alcoholic drinks on a regular basis

Ex: He 's known in his circle for being able drink like a fish, but it 's not something to be proud of .
Le livre English File - Avancé
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