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本 English File - 上級 - レッスン8A

ここでは、English File Advancedコースブックのレッスン8Aからの語彙を見つけることができます。"打撲傷"、"心臓発作"、"発疹"など。

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English File - Advanced
health
[名詞]

the general condition of a person's mind or body

健康, 体調

健康, 体調

Ex: He decided to take a break from work to focus on his health and well-being .彼は仕事から休憩を取って、自分の**健康**と幸福に集中することに決めました。
medicine
[名詞]

the field of science that is concerned with treating injuries and diseases

医学

医学

Ex: The conference brought together experts from around the world to discuss the latest breakthroughs in medicine, including gene therapy and personalized treatment plans .会議では、遺伝子治療や個別化治療計画を含む**医学**の最新の進歩について議論するために、世界中の専門家が集まりました。
bruise
[名詞]

an injury on the skin that appears as a dark mark, caused by a blow involving the rupture of vessels underneath

あざ, 打撲傷

あざ, 打撲傷

Ex: He was embarrassed to show his friends the bruise on his side , a reminder of his clumsiness during a recent soccer match .彼は最近のサッカーの試合での自分の不器用さを思い出させる、脇腹の**あざ**を友達に見せるのが恥ずかしかった。
rash
[名詞]

a part of one's skin covered with red spots, which is usually caused by a sickness or an allergic reaction

発疹, 赤み

発疹, 赤み

Ex: Treatment for a rash depends on its cause and may involve topical creams or ointments , oral medications , antihistamines , or addressing the underlying condition .**発疹**の治療はその原因によります。局所クリームや軟膏、内服薬、抗ヒスタミン薬、または根本的な状態の対処が含まれる場合があります。
blister
[名詞]

a swollen area on the skin filled with liquid, caused by constant rubbing or by burning

水ぶくれ, 火ぶくれ

水ぶくれ, 火ぶくれ

Ex: In severe cases , large or infected blisters may require medical attention to prevent complications and promote healing .重症の場合、大きくまたは感染した**水ぶくれ**は、合併症を防ぎ治癒を促進するために医療処置が必要になることがあります。
side effect
[名詞]

a secondary effect of any drug or medicine, usually an undesirable one

副作用

副作用

Ex: Although the pain reliever worked well for her headaches , she decided to stop taking it due to the unpleasant side effects that interfered with her daily activities .鎮痛剤は彼女の頭痛に良く効いたが、日常生活に支障をきたす不快な**副作用**のために服用をやめることにした。
small
[形容詞]

minor or limited in extent, intensity, or amount

小さい, 些細な

小さい, 些細な

Ex: The donation made a small difference , but every bit helped the community .寄付は**小さな**違いをもたらしましたが、少しずつがコミュニティを助けました。
cut
[名詞]

the act of dividing or separating something, typically with a knife or other sharp tool

切断, 切り傷

切断, 切り傷

Ex: Although the pain reliever worked well for her headaches, she decided to stop taking it due to the unpleasant side effects that interfered with her daily activities.鎮痛剤は彼女の頭痛に良く効いたが、日常生活に支障をきたす不快な副作用のために服用を止めることにした。
deep
[形容詞]

having a great distance from the surface to the bottom

深い

深い

Ex: They drilled a hole that was two meters deep to reach the underground pipes.彼らは地下のパイプに到達するために2メートルの**深さ**の穴を掘りました。

an inflammation of the throat that is typically caused by a viral or bacterial infection

喉の感染症, 咽頭炎

喉の感染症, 咽頭炎

Ex: To prevent a throat infection, it 's important to practice good hygiene , such as washing hands regularly and avoiding close contact with sick individuals .**喉の感染症**を防ぐためには、定期的に手を洗うことや病気の人との密接な接触を避けるなど、良い衛生習慣を実践することが重要です。
sprain
[名詞]

a painful injury resulting in the sudden twist of a bone or joint, particularly one's wrist or ankles

捻挫, 挫傷

捻挫, 挫傷

Ex: A severe sprain can take weeks to heal , depending on the extent of the injury .重度の**捻挫**は、怪我の程度によって治るのに数週間かかることがあります。
ankle
[名詞]

the joint that connects the foot to the leg

足首, 踝関節

足首, 踝関節

Ex: He sprained his ankle during the basketball game .彼はバスケットボールの試合中に**足首**を捻挫した。
broken
[形容詞]

(of a thing) physically divided into pieces, because of being damaged, dropped, etc.

壊れた, 割れた

壊れた, 割れた

Ex: She looked at the broken vase , saddened by the broken pieces on the ground .彼女は**壊れた**花瓶を見て、床に散らばった**壊れた**破片に悲しんだ。
arm
[名詞]

one of the two body parts that is connected to the shoulder and ends with fingers

腕

Ex: She used her arm to push open the heavy door .彼女は重いドアを開けるために**腕**を使った。
cold
[形容詞]

having a temperature lower than the human body's average temperature

冷たい, 氷のように冷たい

冷たい, 氷のように冷たい

Ex: The ice cubes made the drink refreshingly cold.氷のキューブが飲み物を爽やかに**冷たく**しました。
flu
[名詞]

an infectious disease similar to a bad cold, causing fever and severe pain

インフルエンザ

インフルエンザ

Ex: Wearing a mask can help prevent the spread of the flu.マスクを着用することで**インフルエンザ**の拡散を防ぐことができます。

an illness resulting from the consumption of food or water contaminated with bacteria

食中毒, 食品中毒

食中毒, 食品中毒

Ex: The restaurant was temporarily closed after multiple reports of food poisoning from customers who ate there .そのレストランは、そこで食事をした客からの**食中毒**の複数の報告を受けて一時的に閉鎖されました。
heart attack
[名詞]

a medical emergency that happens when blood flow to the heart is suddenly blocked, which is fatal in some cases

心臓発作, 心筋梗塞

心臓発作, 心筋梗塞

Ex: The sudden heart attack took everyone by surprise , highlighting the unpredictability of heart disease .突然の**心臓発作**は皆を驚かせ、心臓病の予測不可能性を浮き彫りにしました。
to stroke
[動詞]

to rub gently or caress an animal's fur or hair

撫でる, 手を滑らせる

撫でる, 手を滑らせる

Ex: To calm the nervous kitten , the veterinarian gently stroked its back while examining it .神経質な子猫を落ち着かせるために、獣医は検査しながら優しくその背中を**撫でた**。

a physician who is not a specialist but treats people with acute and chronic illnesses who live in a particular area

一般開業医, 総合診療医

一般開業医, 総合診療医

Ex: The general practitioner emphasized the importance of preventive care , encouraging patients to maintain a healthy lifestyle to reduce the risk of chronic diseases .**一般開業医**は、慢性疾患のリスクを減らすために健康的なライフスタイルを維持するよう患者に奨励し、予防医療の重要性を強調しました。
specialist
[名詞]

a doctor who is highly trained in a particular area of medicine

専門医

専門医

Ex: The specialist’s office is located in the city ’s medical district .**専門医**のオフィスは、市内の医療地区にあります。
surgeon
[名詞]

a doctor who performs medical operation

外科医, 執刀医

外科医, 執刀医

Ex: The surgeon explained the risks and benefits of the operation to the patient before proceeding .**外科医**は、手術のリスクと利点を患者に説明してから進めました。
psychiatrist
[名詞]

a medical doctor who specializes in the treatment of mental illnesses or behavioral disorders

精神科医, 精神医学の専門医

精神科医, 精神医学の専門医

Ex: The psychiatrist's office offers counseling services for individuals experiencing psychological distress .**精神科医**のオフィスは、心理的苦痛を経験している個人のためのカウンセリングサービスを提供しています。
simile
[名詞]

a word or phrase that compares two things or people, highlighting the similarities, often introduced by 'like' or 'as'

直喩, 比喩

直喩, 比喩

Ex: The poet 's use of a simile comparing the stars to diamonds in the sky adds a touch of beauty and sparkle to the nighttime landscape .詩人が星を空のダイヤモンドに例える**直喩**を使うことで、夜の風景に美しさと輝きが加わります。

used to describe someone who refuses to change their opinion or chosen course of action

Ex: Sheas stubborn as a mule when it comes to trying new foods , sticking to her familiar favorites without any willingness to explore different flavors .

completely lacking the ability to hear sounds

Ex: Emily turned up the volume on the TV, but her grandfather still couldn't hear a thing.

used to refer to someone who is unable to see well

Ex: Without my reading glasses , Ias blind as a bat to all the fine print .

used to refer to someone who is very healthy and in good physical condition

Ex: Despite his age , Mr. Johnson as fit as a fiddle by following a nutritious diet and engaging in daily exercise .

used to refer to someone who is extremely thin, often in an unhealthy way

Ex: Lisa is thin as a rake and she struggles to gain weight .

to eat an excessive amount of food

Ex: The children had been playing all day, and when dinner was served, they ate like horses, their plates quickly emptied and asking for seconds.

used to describe a very well-behaved and obedient individual, especially a child

Ex: The children were good as gold, waiting patiently at the entrance .

(of a person) not easily broken, weakened, or defeated

Ex: The marathon runner pushed through the grueling race with sheer determination.

a tough person who is not easily affected by emotions

Ex: The boxer hard as nails and never backed down from a fight .

to sleep in a way that one cannot be easily woken up

Ex: With the soft rain falling outside , she curled up under a blanket slept like a dog, completely unaware of the world around her .

to drink too much of alcoholic drinks on a regular basis

Ex: He 's known in his circle for being able drink like a fish, but it 's not something to be proud of .
本 English File - 上級
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