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كتاب English File - متقدم - الدرس 8A

هنا ستجد المفردات من الدرس 8A في كتاب English File Advanced، مثل "كدمة"، "نوبة قلبية"، "طفح جلدي"، إلخ.

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مراجعة

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بطاقات الفلاش

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الهجاء

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اختبار قصير

ابدأ التعلم
English File - Advanced
health
[اسم]

the general condition of a person's mind or body

صحة, عافية

صحة, عافية

Ex: He decided to take a break from work to focus on his health and well-being .قرر أن يأخذ استراحة من العمل للتركيز على **صحته** ورفاهيته.
medicine
[اسم]

the field of science that is concerned with treating injuries and diseases

الطب

الطب

Ex: The conference brought together experts from around the world to discuss the latest breakthroughs in medicine, including gene therapy and personalized treatment plans .جمع المؤتمر خبراء من جميع أنحاء العالم لمناقشة أحدث التطورات في **الطب**، بما في ذلك العلاج الجيني وخطط العلاج الشخصية.
bruise
[اسم]

an injury on the skin that appears as a dark mark, caused by a blow involving the rupture of vessels underneath

كدمة, رضة

كدمة, رضة

Ex: He was embarrassed to show his friends the bruise on his side , a reminder of his clumsiness during a recent soccer match .كان محرجًا من إظهار **الكدمة** على جنبه لأصدقائه، تذكيرًا بإحراجه خلال مباراة كرة قدم حديثة.
rash
[اسم]

a part of one's skin covered with red spots, which is usually caused by a sickness or an allergic reaction

طفح جلدي, احمرار

طفح جلدي, احمرار

Ex: Treatment for a rash depends on its cause and may involve topical creams or ointments , oral medications , antihistamines , or addressing the underlying condition .يعتمد علاج **الطفح الجلدي** على سببه وقد يشمل كريمات أو مراهم موضعية، أدوية فموية، مضادات الهيستامين أو معالجة الحالة الأساسية.
blister
[اسم]

a swollen area on the skin filled with liquid, caused by constant rubbing or by burning

بثرة, نفطة

بثرة, نفطة

Ex: In severe cases , large or infected blisters may require medical attention to prevent complications and promote healing .في الحالات الشديدة، قد تتطلب **البثور** الكبيرة أو المصابة عناية طبية لمنع المضاعفات وتعزيز الشفاء.
side effect
[اسم]

a secondary effect of any drug or medicine, usually an undesirable one

تأثير جانبي

تأثير جانبي

Ex: Although the pain reliever worked well for her headaches , she decided to stop taking it due to the unpleasant side effects that interfered with her daily activities .على الرغم من أن مسكن الألم عمل بشكل جيد لصداعها، إلا أنها قررت التوقف عن تناوله بسبب **الآثار الجانبية** غير السارة التي تتداخل مع أنشطتها اليومية.
small
[صفة]

minor or limited in extent, intensity, or amount

صغير, طفيف

صغير, طفيف

Ex: The donation made a small difference , but every bit helped the community .أحدثت التبرع فرقًا **صغيرًا**، لكن كل قليل ساعد المجتمع.
cut
[اسم]

the act of dividing or separating something, typically with a knife or other sharp tool

قطع, شق

قطع, شق

Ex: Although the pain reliever worked well for her headaches, she decided to stop taking it due to the unpleasant side effects that interfered with her daily activities.على الرغم من أن مسكن الألم عمل بشكل جيد لصداعها، إلا أنها قررت التوقف عن تناوله بسبب الآثار الجانبية غير السارة التي تتداخل مع أنشطتها اليومية.
deep
[صفة]

having a great distance from the surface to the bottom

عميق

عميق

Ex: They drilled a hole that was two meters deep to reach the underground pipes.حفروا حفرة **بعمق** مترين للوصول إلى الأنابيب تحت الأرض.

an inflammation of the throat that is typically caused by a viral or bacterial infection

عدوى الحلق, التهاب البلعوم

عدوى الحلق, التهاب البلعوم

Ex: To prevent a throat infection, it 's important to practice good hygiene , such as washing hands regularly and avoiding close contact with sick individuals .للوقاية من **عدوى الحلق**، من المهم ممارسة النظافة الجيدة، مثل غسل اليدين بانتظام وتجنب الاتصال الوثيق مع الأفراد المرضى.
sprain
[اسم]

a painful injury resulting in the sudden twist of a bone or joint, particularly one's wrist or ankles

التواء, شد

التواء, شد

Ex: A severe sprain can take weeks to heal , depending on the extent of the injury .يمكن أن يستغرق **الالتواء** الشديد أسابيع للشفاء، اعتمادًا على مدى الإصابة.
ankle
[اسم]

the joint that connects the foot to the leg

الكاحل, مفصل الكاحل

الكاحل, مفصل الكاحل

Ex: He sprained his ankle during the basketball game .لقد التوى **كاحله** خلال مباراة كرة السلة.
broken
[صفة]

(of a thing) physically divided into pieces, because of being damaged, dropped, etc.

مكسور, محطم

مكسور, محطم

Ex: She looked at the broken vase , saddened by the broken pieces on the ground .نظرت إلى المزهرية **المكسورة**، حزينة بسبب القطع **المكسورة** على الأرض.
arm
[اسم]

one of the two body parts that is connected to the shoulder and ends with fingers

ذراع

ذراع

Ex: She used her arm to push open the heavy door .استخدمت **ذراعها** لدفع الباب الثقيل مفتوحًا.
cold
[صفة]

having a temperature lower than the human body's average temperature

بارد, جليدي

بارد, جليدي

Ex: The ice cubes made the drink refreshingly cold.جعلت مكعبات الثلج المشروب منعشًا **باردًا**.
flu
[اسم]

an infectious disease similar to a bad cold, causing fever and severe pain

إنفلونزا

إنفلونزا

Ex: Wearing a mask can help prevent the spread of the flu.ارتداء القناع يمكن أن يساعد في منع انتشار **الإنفلونزا**.

an illness resulting from the consumption of food or water contaminated with bacteria

تسمم غذائي, تسمم الطعام

تسمم غذائي, تسمم الطعام

Ex: The restaurant was temporarily closed after multiple reports of food poisoning from customers who ate there .تم إغلاق المطعم مؤقتًا بعد عدة تقارير عن **تسمم غذائي** من عملاء تناولوا الطعام هناك.
heart attack
[اسم]

a medical emergency that happens when blood flow to the heart is suddenly blocked, which is fatal in some cases

نوبة قلبية, احتشاء عضلة القلب

نوبة قلبية, احتشاء عضلة القلب

Ex: The sudden heart attack took everyone by surprise , highlighting the unpredictability of heart disease .أخذ **النوبة القلبية** المفاجئة الجميع على حين غرة، مما يسلط الضوء على عدم القدرة على التنبؤ بأمراض القلب.
to stroke
[فعل]

to rub gently or caress an animal's fur or hair

يداعب, يمرر يده على

يداعب, يمرر يده على

Ex: To calm the nervous kitten , the veterinarian gently stroked its back while examining it .لتهدئة القطة الصغيرة العصبية، قام الطبيب البيطري **بمداعبة** ظهرها بلطف أثناء فحصها.

a physician who is not a specialist but treats people with acute and chronic illnesses who live in a particular area

طبيب عام, ممارس عام

طبيب عام, ممارس عام

Ex: The general practitioner emphasized the importance of preventive care , encouraging patients to maintain a healthy lifestyle to reduce the risk of chronic diseases .أكد **الطبيب العام** على أهمية الرعاية الوقائية، وحث المرضى على الحفاظ على نمط حياة صحي لتقليل خطر الأمراض المزمنة.
specialist
[اسم]

a doctor who is highly trained in a particular area of medicine

أخصائي

أخصائي

Ex: The specialist’s office is located in the city ’s medical district .يقع مكتب **الاختصاصي** في المنطقة الطبية بالمدينة.
surgeon
[اسم]

a doctor who performs medical operation

جراح, طبيب جراح

جراح, طبيب جراح

Ex: The surgeon explained the risks and benefits of the operation to the patient before proceeding .شرح **الجراح** مخاطر وفوائد العملية للمريض قبل المضي قدماً.
psychiatrist
[اسم]

a medical doctor who specializes in the treatment of mental illnesses or behavioral disorders

طبيب نفسي, اختصاصي الطب النفسي

طبيب نفسي, اختصاصي الطب النفسي

Ex: The psychiatrist's office offers counseling services for individuals experiencing psychological distress .يقدم مكتب **الطبيب النفسي** خدمات الإرشاد للأفراد الذين يعانون من ضغوط نفسية.
simile
[اسم]

a word or phrase that compares two things or people, highlighting the similarities, often introduced by 'like' or 'as'

تشبيه, مقارنة

تشبيه, مقارنة

Ex: The poet 's use of a simile comparing the stars to diamonds in the sky adds a touch of beauty and sparkle to the nighttime landscape .استخدام الشاعر **للتشبيه** بمقارنة النجوم بالماس في السماء يضيف لمسة من الجمال واللمعان للمنظر الليلي.

used to describe someone who refuses to change their opinion or chosen course of action

Ex: Sheas stubborn as a mule when it comes to trying new foods , sticking to her familiar favorites without any willingness to explore different flavors .

completely lacking the ability to hear sounds

Ex: Emily turned up the volume on the TV, but her grandfather still couldn't hear a thing.

used to refer to someone who is unable to see well

Ex: Without my reading glasses , Ias blind as a bat to all the fine print .

used to refer to someone who is very healthy and in good physical condition

Ex: Despite his age , Mr. Johnson as fit as a fiddle by following a nutritious diet and engaging in daily exercise .

used to refer to someone who is extremely thin, often in an unhealthy way

Ex: Lisa is thin as a rake and she struggles to gain weight .

to eat an excessive amount of food

Ex: The children had been playing all day, and when dinner was served, they ate like horses, their plates quickly emptied and asking for seconds.
(as) good as gold
[عبارة]

used to describe a very well-behaved and obedient individual, especially a child

Ex: The children were good as gold, waiting patiently at the entrance .

(of a person) not easily broken, weakened, or defeated

Ex: The marathon runner pushed through the grueling race with sheer determination.
(as) hard as nails
[عبارة]

a tough person who is not easily affected by emotions

Ex: The boxer hard as nails and never backed down from a fight .

to sleep in a way that one cannot be easily woken up

Ex: With the soft rain falling outside , she curled up under a blanket slept like a dog, completely unaware of the world around her .

to drink too much of alcoholic drinks on a regular basis

Ex: He 's known in his circle for being able drink like a fish, but it 's not something to be proud of .
كتاب English File - متقدم
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