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Vocabulaire pour l'IELTS Academic (Score 6-7) - Psychologie

Ici, vous apprendrez quelques mots anglais liés à la psychologie qui sont nécessaires pour l'examen académique IELTS.

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (6-7)
instinct

a natural reaction or behavior that occurs automatically, without conscious thought or reasoning

instinct

instinct

Ex: When threatened, the rabbit relied on its instinct to flee and find cover in the bushes. 

Lorsqu'il est menacé, le lapin a compté sur son instinct pour fuir et se cacher dans les buissons.

syndrome

a set of characteristics, behaviors, or qualities commonly observed in a specific situation or group of individuals

syndrome

syndrome

Ex: The "Impostor Syndrome" describes feelings of inadequacy and self-doubt despite evident success or accomplishments. 

Le "Syndrome de l'imposteur" décrit des sentiments d'insuffisance et de doute de soi malgré un succès ou des réalisations évidents.

compulsion

a strong and irresistible urge to do something

compulsion, obsession

compulsion, obsession

Ex: The compulsion to check his phone every few minutes disrupted his focus on the task at hand. 

L'obsession de vérifier son téléphone toutes les quelques minutes a perturbé sa concentration sur la tâche en cours.

delusion

(psychology) a mental condition in which a person has a false belief system that is contradicted by evidence

délire

délire

hallucination

a perceptual experience in which an individual perceives something that is not present in the external environment

hallucination, illusion

hallucination, illusion

Ex: Visual hallucinations can manifest as seeing objects, people, or scenes that are not actually present. 

Les hallucinations visuelles peuvent se manifester par la vision d'objets, de personnes ou de scènes qui ne sont pas réellement présents.

paranoia

an unreasonable and persistent fear that others want to harm you

paranoïa

paranoïa

Ex: Stress increased her feelings of paranoia. 

Le stress a accru ses sentiments de paranoïa.

hypnosis

a state of heightened focus and concentration in which a person becomes more responsive to suggestions

hypnose

hypnose

Ex: Hypnosis has been used to help smokers quit by guiding them through visualized exercises to weaken their nicotine cravings. 

L'hypnose a été utilisée pour aider les fumeurs à arrêter en les guidant à travers des exercices de visualisation pour affaiblir leurs envies de nicotine.

complex
complex
[nom]

a group of partly or completely repressed emotions or impulses that affect a person's behavior and patterns of thought

complexe

complexe

Ex: The therapist helped her understand the complex driving her anxiety. 

Le thérapeute l'a aidée à comprendre le complexe à l'origine de son anxiété.

projection

(psychology) the unconscious process in which an individual associates their feelings, ideas or attitudes to someone else as a defense mechanism

projection

projection

disorder

a disease, illness, or medical condition that impairs normal physical or mental function

troubles

troubles

Ex: Anxiety is a common mental disorder affecting millions worldwide. 

L'anxiété est un trouble mental courant qui affecte des millions de personnes dans le monde.

ego
ego
[nom]

(psychology) the conscious part of the mind that mediates between the unconscious and the reality which gives one a sense of self

ego, moi

ego, moi

id
id
[nom]

(psychology) the part of the unconscious mind that is the source of basic instincts and drives

Ça

Ça

superego

(psychology) the part of the mind that is only partly conscious, representing social norms learned from the parents

surmoi

surmoi

anorexia

an emotional disorder in which there is a strange fear of being fat and an obsessive desire to lose weight which results in refusing to eat

anorexie

anorexie

mania
mania
[nom]

mental condition that causes extreme and unusual changes in one's energy level, mood, or emotions

manie

manie

cognition

(psychology) mental processes through which knowledge and understanding are acquired

cognition

cognition

amnesia
amnesia
[nom]

a severe medical condition that leads to partial or complete loss of memory

amnésie

amnésie

Ex: The neurologist explained that his amnesia made it hard to learn new names, though long‑term memories remained intact. 

Le neurologue a expliqué que son amnésie rendait difficile l'apprentissage de nouveaux noms, bien que les souvenirs à long terme soient restés intacts.

consciousness

a person's awareness, viewpoint, or attitude regarding a specific issue or domain

conscience

conscience

Ex: She demonstrated a feminist consciousness in her writing. 

Elle a démontré une conscience féministe dans ses écrits.

subconscious

the part of the mind that is not currently in focused awareness, but still influences thoughts, feelings, and behavior, often through automatic or involuntary processes

subconscient

subconscient

Ex: Fears buried in the subconscious can affect daily behavior. 

Les peurs enfouies dans le subconscient peuvent affecter le comportement quotidien.

unconscious

the part of the mind where thoughts, feelings, and memories exist without a person being aware of them

inconscient, subconscient

inconscient, subconscient

Ex: His recurring nightmares seemed to be messages from the unconscious. 

Ses cauchemars récurrents semblaient être des messages de l'inconscient.

trauma
trauma
[nom]

a medical condition of the mind caused by extreme shock, which could last for a very long time

traumatisme

traumatisme

Ex: Combat veterans often experience post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) as a result of their wartime trauma. 

Les anciens combattants souffrent souvent de trouble de stress post-traumatique (TSPT) à la suite de leur traumatisme de guerre.

obsession

a strong and uncontrollable interest or attachment to something or someone, causing constant thoughts, intense emotions, and repetitive behaviors

obsession

obsession

Ex: He was consumed by an obsession with fitness, spending hours at the gym every day. 

Il était consumé par une obsession pour la forme physique, passant des heures à la salle de sport chaque jour.

self-awareness

the conscious knowledge and recognition of one's own thoughts, feelings, sensations, and actions, leading to a reflective understanding of oneself as a distinct individual with unique characteristics and experiences

conscience de soi, connaissance de soi

conscience de soi, connaissance de soi

Ex: Self-awareness allows people to recognize their strengths and weaknesses, contributing to personal growth. 

La conscience de soi permet aux gens de reconnaître leurs forces et leurs faiblesses, contribuant ainsi à la croissance personnelle.

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