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Словарный запас для IELTS Academic (Оценка 6-7) - Psychology

Здесь вы выучите некоторые английские слова, связанные с психологией, которые необходимы для академического экзамена IELTS.

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (6-7)
instinct
instinct
[существительное]

a natural reaction or behavior that occurs automatically, without conscious thought or reasoning

инстинкт

инстинкт

Ex: The mother bird followed her instinct to build a nest and protect her eggs. 
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syndrome
syndrome
[существительное]

a set of characteristics, behaviors, or qualities commonly observed in a specific situation or group of individuals

синдром

синдром

Ex: The "Stockholm Syndrome" is a well-known psychological phenomenon where hostages develop a bond with their captors. 
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compulsion
compulsion
[существительное]

a strong and irresistible urge to do something

принуждение

принуждение

Ex: Even though he knew it was a bad idea, he felt a compulsion to call his ex late at night. 
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delusion
delusion
[существительное]

(psychology) a mental condition in which a person has a false belief system that is contradicted by evidence

бред

бред

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hallucination
hallucination
[существительное]

a perceptual experience in which an individual perceives something that is not present in the external environment

галлюцинация, иллюзия

галлюцинация, иллюзия

Ex: Auditory hallucinations may involve hearing voices or sounds that others cannot perceive. 
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paranoia
paranoia
[существительное]

an unreasonable and persistent fear that others want to harm you

паранойя

паранойя

Ex: He suffered from paranoia and trusted no one. 
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hypnosis
hypnosis
[существительное]

a state of heightened focus and concentration in which a person becomes more responsive to suggestions

гипноз

гипноз

Ex: During hypnosis, the therapist suggested the patient would no longer experience pain in their injured knee. 
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complex
complex
[существительное]

a group of partly or completely repressed emotions or impulses that affect a person's behavior and patterns of thought

комплекс

комплекс

Ex: His fear of failure was linked to a complex developed in childhood. 
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projection
projection
[существительное]

(psychology) the unconscious process in which an individual associates their feelings, ideas or attitudes to someone else as a defense mechanism

проекция

проекция

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disorder
disorder
[существительное]

a disease, illness, or medical condition that impairs normal physical or mental function

расстройство

расстройство

Ex: She was diagnosed with a thyroid disorder. 
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ego
ego
[существительное]

(psychology) the conscious part of the mind that mediates between the unconscious and the reality which gives one a sense of self

Я, самость

Я, самость

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id
id
[существительное]

(psychology) the part of the unconscious mind that is the source of basic instincts and drives

Оно

Оно

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superego
superego
[существительное]

(psychology) the part of the mind that is only partly conscious, representing social norms learned from the parents

Сверх-Я

Сверх-Я

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anorexia
anorexia
[существительное]

an emotional disorder in which there is a strange fear of being fat and an obsessive desire to lose weight which results in refusing to eat

анорексия, отсутствие аппетита

анорексия, отсутствие аппетита

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mania
mania
[существительное]

mental condition that causes extreme and unusual changes in one's energy level, mood, or emotions

мания

мания

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cognition
cognition
[существительное]

(psychology) mental processes through which knowledge and understanding are acquired

познание

познание

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amnesia
amnesia
[существительное]

a severe medical condition that leads to partial or complete loss of memory

амнезия

амнезия

Ex: After the car accident she experienced temporary amnesia and could not remember the afternoon before the crash. 
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consciousness
consciousness
[существительное]

a person's awareness, viewpoint, or attitude regarding a specific issue or domain

сознание

сознание

Ex: His political consciousness influenced his voting choices. 
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subconscious
subconscious
[существительное]

the part of the mind that is not currently in focused awareness, but still influences thoughts, feelings, and behavior, often through automatic or involuntary processes

подсознание

подсознание

Ex: His subconscious kept bringing up memories he had forgotten. 
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unconscious
unconscious
[существительное]

the part of the mind where thoughts, feelings, and memories exist without a person being aware of them

бессознательное, подсознание

бессознательное, подсознание

Ex: Deep fears are often stored in the unconscious. 
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trauma
trauma
[существительное]

a medical condition of the mind caused by extreme shock, which could last for a very long time

травма

травма

Ex: She sought therapy to help her cope with the emotional trauma from the car accident. 
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obsession
obsession
[существительное]

a strong and uncontrollable interest or attachment to something or someone, causing constant thoughts, intense emotions, and repetitive behaviors

одержимость

одержимость

Ex: His obsession with cleanliness led him to clean his house multiple times a day. 
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self-awareness
self-awareness
[существительное]

the conscious knowledge and recognition of one's own thoughts, feelings, sensations, and actions, leading to a reflective understanding of oneself as a distinct individual with unique characteristics and experiences

самосознание, осознание себя

самосознание, осознание себя

Ex: Through self-awareness, individuals can reflect on their emotions, recognizing and understanding their own feelings. 
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