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Slovní zásoba pro IELTS Academic (Skóre 6-7) - Psychology

Zde se naučíte některá anglická slova související s psychologií, která jsou nezbytná pro akademickou zkoušku IELTS.

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (6-7)
instinct
instinct
[Podstatné jméno]

a natural reaction or behavior that occurs automatically, without conscious thought or reasoning

instinkt, pud

instinkt, pud

Ex: The mother bird followed her instinct to build a nest and protect her eggs. 
syndrome
syndrome
[Podstatné jméno]

a set of characteristics, behaviors, or qualities commonly observed in a specific situation or group of individuals

syndrom, soubor charakteristik

syndrom, soubor charakteristik

Ex: The "Stockholm Syndrome" is a well-known psychological phenomenon where hostages develop a bond with their captors. 
compulsion
compulsion
[Podstatné jméno]

a strong and irresistible urge to do something

nutkání, pohnutka

nutkání, pohnutka

Ex: Even though he knew it was a bad idea, he felt a compulsion to call his ex late at night. 
delusion
delusion
[Podstatné jméno]

(psychology) a mental condition in which a person has a false belief system that is contradicted by evidence

blud,  iluze

blud, iluze

hallucination
hallucination
[Podstatné jméno]

a perceptual experience in which an individual perceives something that is not present in the external environment

halucinace, iluze

halucinace, iluze

Ex: Auditory hallucinations may involve hearing voices or sounds that others cannot perceive. 
paranoia
paranoia
[Podstatné jméno]

an unreasonable and persistent fear that others want to harm you

paranoia, chorobná nedůvěra

paranoia, chorobná nedůvěra

Ex: He suffered from paranoia and trusted no one. 
hypnosis
hypnosis
[Podstatné jméno]

a state of heightened focus and concentration in which a person becomes more responsive to suggestions

hypnóza, hypnotický stav

hypnóza, hypnotický stav

Ex: During hypnosis, the therapist suggested the patient would no longer experience pain in their injured knee. 
complex
complex
[Podstatné jméno]

a group of partly or completely repressed emotions or impulses that affect a person's behavior and patterns of thought

komplex, skupina potlačených emocí

komplex, skupina potlačených emocí

Ex: His fear of failure was linked to a complex developed in childhood. 
projection
projection
[Podstatné jméno]

(psychology) the unconscious process in which an individual associates their feelings, ideas or attitudes to someone else as a defense mechanism

projekce, mechanismus projekce

projekce, mechanismus projekce

disorder
disorder
[Podstatné jméno]

a disease, illness, or medical condition that impairs normal physical or mental function

porucha, onemocnění

porucha, onemocnění

Ex: She was diagnosed with a thyroid disorder. 
ego
ego
[Podstatné jméno]

(psychology) the conscious part of the mind that mediates between the unconscious and the reality which gives one a sense of self

ego, já

ego, já

id
id
[Podstatné jméno]

(psychology) the part of the unconscious mind that is the source of basic instincts and drives

ono, to

ono, to

superego
superego
[Podstatné jméno]

(psychology) the part of the mind that is only partly conscious, representing social norms learned from the parents

superego

superego

anorexia
anorexia
[Podstatné jméno]

an emotional disorder in which there is a strange fear of being fat and an obsessive desire to lose weight which results in refusing to eat

anorexie, mentální anorexie

anorexie, mentální anorexie

mania
mania
[Podstatné jméno]

mental condition that causes extreme and unusual changes in one's energy level, mood, or emotions

mánie

mánie

cognition
cognition
[Podstatné jméno]

(psychology) mental processes through which knowledge and understanding are acquired

kognice

kognice

amnesia
amnesia
[Podstatné jméno]

a severe medical condition that leads to partial or complete loss of memory

amnézie

amnézie

Ex: After the car accident she experienced temporary amnesia and could not remember the afternoon before the crash. 
consciousness
consciousness
[Podstatné jméno]

a person's awareness, viewpoint, or attitude regarding a specific issue or domain

vědomí, uvědomění

vědomí, uvědomění

Ex: His political consciousness influenced his voting choices. 
subconscious
subconscious
[Podstatné jméno]

the part of the mind that is not currently in focused awareness, but still influences thoughts, feelings, and behavior, often through automatic or involuntary processes

podvědomí, nevědomí

podvědomí, nevědomí

Ex: His subconscious kept bringing up memories he had forgotten. 
unconscious
unconscious
[Podstatné jméno]

the part of the mind where thoughts, feelings, and memories exist without a person being aware of them

nevědomí, podvědomí

nevědomí, podvědomí

Ex: Deep fears are often stored in the unconscious. 
trauma
trauma
[Podstatné jméno]

a medical condition of the mind caused by extreme shock, which could last for a very long time

trauma, emocionální šok

trauma, emocionální šok

Ex: She sought therapy to help her cope with the emotional trauma from the car accident. 
obsession
obsession
[Podstatné jméno]

a strong and uncontrollable interest or attachment to something or someone, causing constant thoughts, intense emotions, and repetitive behaviors

posedlost, vtíravá myšlenka

posedlost, vtíravá myšlenka

Ex: His obsession with cleanliness led him to clean his house multiple times a day. 
self-awareness
self-awareness
[Podstatné jméno]

the conscious knowledge and recognition of one's own thoughts, feelings, sensations, and actions, leading to a reflective understanding of oneself as a distinct individual with unique characteristics and experiences

sebeuvědomění, uvědomění si sebe sama

sebeuvědomění, uvědomění si sebe sama

Ex: Through self-awareness, individuals can reflect on their emotions, recognizing and understanding their own feelings. 
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