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IELTS Academicの語彙 (スコア6-7) - Psychology

ここでは、アカデミックIELTS試験に必要な心理学に関連するいくつかの英単語を学びます。

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (6-7)
instinct
[名詞]

a natural reaction or behavior that occurs automatically, without conscious thought or reasoning

本能, 衝動

本能, 衝動

Ex: The swimmer 's instinct to hold her breath underwater helped her win the race .水中で息を止めるという泳者の**本能**が、彼女のレース勝利を助けました。
syndrome
[名詞]

a set of characteristics, behaviors, or qualities commonly observed in a specific situation or group of individuals

シンドローム, 特性の集合

シンドローム, 特性の集合

Ex: Individuals displaying the " me , me , me syndrome" often prioritize their own needs and desires above those of others , regardless of the impact on the collective well-being .「私、私、私 **症候群」** を示す個人は、多くの場合、集団の幸福への影響にかかわらず、自分自身のニーズと欲望を他人のものよりも優先します。
compulsion
[名詞]

a strong and irresistible urge to do something

強制, 衝動

強制, 衝動

Ex: Every time she walks past a bookstore , she feels an overwhelming compulsion to buy a new novel .彼女は本屋の前を通るたびに、新しい小説を買わずにはいられない強い**衝動**を感じる。
delusion
[名詞]

(psychology) a mental condition in which a person has a false belief system that is contradicted by evidence

妄想,  幻想

妄想, 幻想

a perceptual experience in which an individual perceives something that is not present in the external environment

幻覚, 錯覚

幻覚, 錯覚

Ex: Hallucinations can be a symptom of certain medical conditions , including neurological disorders or brain injuries .**幻覚**は、神経障害や脳損傷を含む特定の医療状態の症状である可能性があります。
paranoia
[名詞]

a mental disorder that causes a person to think they are very important or that others are trying to harm them

パラノイア

パラノイア

hypnosis
[名詞]

a state of heightened focus and concentration in which a person becomes more responsive to suggestions

催眠, 催眠状態

催眠, 催眠状態

Ex: She underwent several sessions of regression hypnosis in an attempt to remember repressed memories from her childhood trauma .
complex
[名詞]

a group of partly or completely repressed emotions or impulses that affect a person's behavior and patterns of thought

コンプレックス, 抑圧された感情の集まり

コンプレックス, 抑圧された感情の集まり

Ex: She struggled with a complex that caused her to avoid confrontation .彼女は対立を避けるようになった**コンプレックス**と闘った。
projection
[名詞]

(psychology) the unconscious process in which an individual associates their feelings, ideas or attitudes to someone else as a defense mechanism

投影, 投影機制

投影, 投影機制

disorder
[名詞]

a disease or a medical condition that prevents a part of the body or mind from functioning normally

障害, 混乱

障害, 混乱

ego
[名詞]

(psychology) the conscious part of the mind that mediates between the unconscious and the reality which gives one a sense of self

自我, エゴ

自我, エゴ

id
[名詞]

(psychology) the part of the unconscious mind that is the source of basic instincts and drives

イド, 本能的な衝動

イド, 本能的な衝動

superego
[名詞]

(psychology) the part of the mind that is only partly conscious, representing social norms learned from the parents

超自我

超自我

anorexia
[名詞]

an emotional disorder in which there is a strange fear of being fat and an obsessive desire to lose weight which results in refusing to eat

拒食症, 神経性無食欲症

拒食症, 神経性無食欲症

mania
[名詞]

mental condition that causes extreme and unusual changes in one's energy level, mood, or emotions

躁病

躁病

cognition
[名詞]

(psychology) mental processes through which knowledge and understanding are acquired

認知

認知

amnesia
[名詞]

a severe medical condition that leads to partial or complete loss of memory

健忘症

健忘症

one's views on a specific subject

意識, 認識

意識, 認識

subconscious
[名詞]

the part of the mind that is not currently in focused awareness, but still influences thoughts, feelings, and behavior, often through automatic or involuntary processes

潜在意識, 無意識

潜在意識, 無意識

Ex: The therapist helped him explore the hidden layers of his subconscious.セラピストは彼が自分の**潜在意識**の隠れた層を探るのを助けた。
unconscious
[名詞]

the part of the mind where thoughts, feelings, and memories exist without a person being aware of them

無意識, 潜在意識

無意識, 潜在意識

Ex: Much of human behavior is influenced by the unconscious without us realizing it .人間の行動の多くは、気づかないうちに **無意識** に影響を受けています。
trauma
[名詞]

a medical condition of the mind caused by extreme shock, which could last for a very long time

トラウマ, 感情的なショック

トラウマ, 感情的なショック

Ex: Witnessing a natural disaster can leave survivors with lasting trauma and fear .自然災害を目撃することは、生存者に長続きする**トラウマ**と恐怖を残す可能性があります。
obsession
[名詞]

a strong and uncontrollable interest or attachment to something or someone, causing constant thoughts, intense emotions, and repetitive behaviors

執着, 強迫観念

執着, 強迫観念

Ex: The obsession with celebrity culture often leads people to ignore their own personal growth .有名人文化への**執着**は、しばしば人々が自分自身の個人的成長を無視するように導きます。

the conscious knowledge and recognition of one's own thoughts, feelings, sensations, and actions, leading to a reflective understanding of oneself as a distinct individual with unique characteristics and experiences

自己認識, 自己意識

自己認識, 自己意識

Ex: Self-awareness plays a crucial role in emotional intelligence , enabling individuals to navigate social interactions with empathy and understanding .**自己認識**は、感情知性において重要な役割を果たし、個人が共感と理解を持って社会的相互作用を進めることを可能にします。
IELTS Academicの語彙 (スコア6-7)
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