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Santé et Maladie - Maladies et Problèmes Mentaux

Ici, vous apprendrez quelques mots anglais liés aux maladies mentales et problèmes tels que "anxiété", "schizophrénie" et "trauma".

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a condition, experienced mostly by children, making them seem restless, unable to keep focus, and act impulsively

TDAH

TDAH

an eating disorder, particularly in women, marked by body image disturbance and obsessive fear of becoming fat, which leads to dangerous weight loss

anorexie mentale

anorexie mentale

anxiety
[nom]

(psychiatry) a mental disorder of constant nervousness and worry, in which one expects something bad to happen with no valid reason

angoisse, troubles de l'anxiété

angoisse, troubles de l'anxiété

Ex: Physical symptoms of anxiety include rapid heartbeat and sweating .Les symptômes physiques de **l'anxiété** incluent un rythme cardiaque rapide et de la transpiration.

a post-traumatic stress disorder resulting from prolonged exposure to active warfare

stress du combattant

stress du combattant

a chronic mental health condition marked by episodes of mania and depression

trouble bipolaire, trouble affectif bipolaire

trouble bipolaire, trouble affectif bipolaire

Ex: Support from friends , family , and mental health professionals is essential for individuals with bipolar disorder to effectively manage their condition and improve their quality of life .Le soutien des amis, de la famille et des professionnels de la santé mentale est essentiel pour que les personnes atteintes de **trouble bipolaire** puissent gérer efficacement leur état et améliorer leur qualité de vie.

a mental illness that causes a person to act impulsively, to experience severe shifts in mood, and to be unable to form interpersonal relationships

personnalité limite

personnalité limite

Ex: With appropriate therapy and support , individuals with borderline personality disorder can learn to manage their symptoms and improve their overall quality of life .Avec une thérapie et un soutien appropriés, les personnes atteintes de **trouble de la personnalité limite** peuvent apprendre à gérer leurs symptômes et à améliorer leur qualité de vie globale.

a condition in which a person becomes so anxious or depressed that they can no longer handle their everyday life

dépression (nerveuse)

dépression (nerveuse)

Ex: The intense academic pressure during finals week caused several students to suffer breakdowns.La pression académique intense pendant la semaine des examens finaux a causé plusieurs étudiants à souffrir de **dépression nerveuse**.
bulimia
[nom]

a mental illness which causes a person to eat too much and then forces themselves to vomit to maintain their weight

boulimie

boulimie

compulsive display of one's genitals for the purpose of sexual gratification

exhibitionnisme

exhibitionnisme

the condition in which a person is overwhelmed by distress or impairment due to a mismatch between their biological sex and their gender identity

dysphorie de genre

dysphorie de genre

a state where a person is unusually active, is unable to stay focused or quiet for long, experienced mostly by children

hyperactivité

hyperactivité

a mental condition in which a person is constantly anxious and worried about their health

hypocondrie

hypocondrie

Ex: Support from mental health professionals , as well as education about the nature of hypochondria and its treatment options , can help individuals with this condition manage their symptoms and improve their quality of life .Le soutien des professionnels de la santé mentale, ainsi que l'éducation sur la nature de l'**hypocondrie** et ses options de traitement, peuvent aider les personnes atteintes de cette condition à gérer leurs symptômes et à améliorer leur qualité de vie.

a mental condition in which one is obsessed with stealing things without any financial motive

kleptomanie, cleptomanie

kleptomanie, cleptomanie

Ex: Support from mental health professionals and support groups can be valuable for individuals with kleptomania in learning coping strategies and preventing relapse into stealing behaviors .Le soutien des professionnels de la santé mentale et des groupes de soutien peut être précieux pour les individus atteints de **kleptomanie** afin d'apprendre des stratégies d'adaptation et de prévenir les rechutes dans les comportements de vol.

a chronic mental disorder marked by excessive mood swings ranging from depressive lows to crazed highs

trouble bipolaire, trouble affectif bipolaire

trouble bipolaire, trouble affectif bipolaire

a mental condition in which a person believes themselves to be more powerful and important than they actually are

mégalomanie

mégalomanie

a severe mental condition in which the patient suffers from depression often without any apparent reason

mélancolie

mélancolie

a mental condition usually associated with schizophrenia in which the patient does not move for long time spans

catatonie

catatonie

a state characterized by constant feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a lack of enegry or interest in activities

dépression

dépression

Ex: He spoke openly about his struggles with depression, hoping to help others .Il a parlé ouvertement de ses luttes contre la **dépression**, espérant aider les autres.

a serious mental disorder associated with antisocial behavior, irresponsibility, and absence of empathy

psychopathie

psychopathie

a severe mental condition in which the patient loses contact with external reality

psychosis

psychosis

Ex: Psychosis can be a symptom of various mental health disorders , including schizophrenia , bipolar disorder , and severe depression .**Psychose** peut être un symptôme de divers troubles de santé mentale, y compris la schizophrénie, le trouble bipolaire et la dépression sévère.

a psychological condition characterized by physical symptoms that derive from mental or emotional causes, often without any medical explanation

troubles psychosomatiques

troubles psychosomatiques

Ex: Understanding the connection between psychological factors and physical symptoms is crucial for effectively managing psychosomatic disorders and improving overall well-being .Comprendre le lien entre les facteurs psychologiques et les symptômes physiques est crucial pour gérer efficacement les **troubles psychosomatiques** et améliorer le bien-être général.

a mental condition in which one is obsessed with setting things on fire

pyromanie

pyromanie

a chronic mental disorder in which a person's ability to think, feel or behave is affected, often associated with the distortion of reality

schizophrénie

schizophrénie

a medical condition in which one is depressed in fall and winter, particularly due to lack of sunlight

dépression saisonnière

dépression saisonnière

an antisocial personality disorder characterized by lack of sympathy and moral responsibility

trouble de la personnalité antisociale

trouble de la personnalité antisociale

an unrealistic feeling of general inadequacy that causes one to believe they are not as competent, smart, or attractive as other people

complexe d'infériorité

complexe d'infériorité

tendency to unpredictable changes of mood or to behave erratically

instabilité

instabilité

a state of intense, uncontrolled enthusiasm or excitement that makes one say or do crazy things

délire

délire

Ex: The sports arena was a scene of delirium as the final whistle blew .L'arène sportive était une scène de **délire** lorsque le coup de sifflet final a retenti.
complex
[nom]

a group of partly or completely repressed emotions or impulses that affect a person's behavior and patterns of thought

complexe

complexe

Ex: She struggled with a complex that caused her to avoid confrontation .Elle a lutté avec un **complexe** qui l'a poussée à éviter la confrontation.

a severe health condition associated with depression, emotional disturbances, and abnormal behaviors that causes significant distress or impairment of personal functioning

désordre mental, trouble mental

désordre mental, trouble mental

an excessive and unhealthy obsession with a singular subject or idea to an extent that it becomes overwhelming and harmful

monomanie

monomanie

Ex: The novelist , known for his deep dives into subjects , was sometimes criticized for his apparent monomania on specific themes .Le romancier, connu pour ses plongées profondes dans les sujets, était parfois critiqué pour sa **monomanie** apparente sur des thèmes spécifiques.

a period of overwhelming mental or emotional distress that occurs suddenly

dépression nerveuse, crise de nerfs

dépression nerveuse, crise de nerfs

a mental condition that is not caused by organic disease in which one is constantly anxious, worried, and stressed

névrose

névrose

Ex: Symptoms of neurosis can include persistent feelings of sadness , irritability , and fear , often without a clear or rational cause .Les symptômes de la **névrose** peuvent inclure des sentiments persistants de tristesse, d'irritabilité et de peur, souvent sans cause claire ou rationnelle.

a disorder causing a person to have recurring unwanted thoughts or to do something such as cleaning or checking on something over and over

TOC

TOC

Ex: Medications such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors ( SSRIs ) can help manage symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder by altering brain chemistry to reduce obsessive thoughts and compulsions .Les médicaments tels que les inhibiteurs sélectifs de la recapture de la sérotonine (ISRS) peuvent aider à gérer les symptômes du **trouble obsessionnel-compulsif** en modifiant la chimie du cerveau pour réduire les pensées obsessionnelles et les compulsions.

an eating disorder characterized by refraining from eating food that is considered unhealthy at all cost

orthorexie

orthorexie

a mental disorder that causes a person to think they are very important or that others are trying to harm them

paranoïa

paranoïa

a mental condition in which a person constantly thinks others are trying to hurt them

délire de persécution

délire de persécution

any mental illness characterized by different patterns of social behavior, inability to form healthy interpersonal relationships and to function normally in society

trouble de la personnalité

trouble de la personnalité

a mental condition in which a woman is depressed and anxious for a period of time after giving birth to a child

dépression post-partum

dépression post-partum

a disorder that is formed in a person who has experienced a very shocking or frightening event, causing them to have nightmares or flashbacks from the event

ESPT

ESPT

Ex: Early intervention and support are crucial for individuals with post-traumatic stress disorder, as timely treatment can significantly improve outcomes and quality of life .L'intervention et le soutien précoces sont cruciaux pour les individus atteints de **trouble de stress post-traumatique**, car un traitement opportun peut considérablement améliorer les résultats et la qualité de vie.
trauma
[nom]

a medical condition of the mind caused by extreme shock, which could last for a very long time

traumatisme

traumatisme

Ex: Witnessing a natural disaster can leave survivors with lasting trauma and fear .Assister à une catastrophe naturelle peut laisser les survivants avec un **traumatisme** durable et de la peur.

a type of stress-related disorder affecting some soldiers who have served in wars

psychose traumatique

psychose traumatique

a mental condition that causes a person to eat too much or too little

troubles de l’alimentation, troubles alimentaires

troubles de l’alimentation, troubles alimentaires

a mental condition in which one is abnormally self-centered and self-interested

manie égocentrique

manie égocentrique

(psychology) a mental condition in which a person has a false belief system that is contradicted by evidence

délire

délire

a mental condition that happens when the brain is damaged by disease or injury, causing memory loss and impairing the ability to think or make decisions

démence

démence

Ex: Alzheimer 's disease is a common form of dementia.La maladie d'Alzheimer est une forme courante de **démence**.

a chronic condition marked by excessive and persistent worry about various aspects of life, often without a specific cause

trouble anxieux généralisé

trouble anxieux généralisé

Ex: The persistent nature of generalized anxiety disorder can lead to fatigue and difficulty concentrating .La nature persistante du **trouble d'anxiété généralisée** peut entraîner de la fatigue et des difficultés de concentration.
mania
[nom]

mental condition that causes extreme and unusual changes in one's energy level, mood, or emotions

manie

manie

a disorder where individuals feign or induce symptoms to garner attention or sympathy, often leading to unnecessary medical interventions

syndrome de Münchhausen, trouble factice

syndrome de Münchhausen, trouble factice

Ex: Treatment for Munchausen syndrome may involve psychotherapy to address underlying psychological issues .Le traitement du **syndrome de Munchausen** peut inclure une psychothérapie pour traiter les problèmes psychologiques sous-jacents.

a personality disorder marked by emotional detachment and a preference for solitude

schizoïde, personnalité schizoïde

schizoïde, personnalité schizoïde

Ex: Laura 's independence and preference for solitude align with the features of schizoid.L'indépendance de Laura et sa préférence pour la solitude correspondent aux caractéristiques de la **schizoïdie**.
amnesia
[nom]

a severe medical condition that leads to partial or complete loss of memory

amnésie

amnésie

a severe condition that mainly affects older people's minds and causes memory loss, involuntary movements, etc.

démence sénile

démence sénile

a form of autism characterized by social difficulties, repetitive behaviors, and focused interests, often with average to above-average intelligence

syndrome d'Asperger, autisme de haut niveau

syndrome d'Asperger, autisme de haut niveau

Ex: John's straightforward communication style is influenced by his Asperger's syndrome.Le style de communication direct de John est influencé par son **syndrome d'Asperger**.

a disorder where individuals become excessively obsessed with building muscle mass and have a distorted perception of their own body image, leading to compulsive exercise behaviors

bigorexie, dysmorphie musculaire

bigorexie, dysmorphie musculaire

a psychological disorder that causes a person to spend a lot of time thinking obsessively about the imaginary imperfections in their appearance

dysmorphophobie, trouble dysmorphique corporel

dysmorphophobie, trouble dysmorphique corporel

Ex: Early diagnosis and treatment of body dysmorphic disorder are essential to prevent the condition from severely impacting an individual 's quality of life and mental health .Le diagnostic et le traitement précoces du **trouble dysmorphique corporel** sont essentiels pour empêcher la maladie d'avoir un impact grave sur la qualité de vie et la santé mentale d'un individu.
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