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Hälsa och Sjukdom - Psykiska sjukdomar och problem

Här kommer du att lära dig några engelska ord relaterade till psykiska sjukdomar och problem som "ångest", "schizofreni" och "trauma".

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a condition, experienced mostly by children, making them seem restless, unable to keep focus, and act impulsively

uppmärksamhetsbrist hyperaktivitetsstörning, ADHD

uppmärksamhetsbrist hyperaktivitetsstörning, ADHD

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anorexia nervosa
[Substantiv]

an eating disorder, particularly in women, marked by body image disturbance and obsessive fear of becoming fat, which leads to dangerous weight loss

anorexia nervosa, nervös anorexia

anorexia nervosa, nervös anorexia

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anxiety
[Substantiv]

(psychiatry) a mental disorder of constant nervousness and worry, in which one expects something bad to happen with no valid reason

ångest, ångeststörning

ångest, ångeststörning

Ex: Physical symptoms of anxiety include rapid heartbeat and sweating .Fysiska symptom på **ångest** inkluderar snabb hjärtklappning och svettning.
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battle fatigue
[Substantiv]

a post-traumatic stress disorder resulting from prolonged exposure to active warfare

stridströtthet, posttraumatiskt stressyndrom

stridströtthet, posttraumatiskt stressyndrom

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bipolar disorder
[Substantiv]

a chronic mental health condition marked by episodes of mania and depression

bipolär sjukdom, manodepressiv sjukdom

bipolär sjukdom, manodepressiv sjukdom

Ex: Support from friends , family , and mental health professionals is essential for individuals with bipolar disorder to effectively manage their condition and improve their quality of life .Stöd från vänner, familj och mentalhälsoprofessionella är avgörande för individer med **bipolär sjukdom** för att effektivt hantera sitt tillstånd och förbättra sin livskvalitet.
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a mental illness that causes a person to act impulsively, to experience severe shifts in mood, and to be unable to form interpersonal relationships

gränslinjepersönlighetsstörning, borderline personlighetsstörning

gränslinjepersönlighetsstörning, borderline personlighetsstörning

Ex: With appropriate therapy and support , individuals with borderline personality disorder can learn to manage their symptoms and improve their overall quality of life .Med lämplig terapi och stöd kan individer med **borderline personlighetsstörning** lära sig att hantera sina symptom och förbättra sin övergripande livskvalitet.
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breakdown
[Substantiv]

a condition in which a person becomes so anxious or depressed that they can no longer handle their everyday life

nervsammanbrott, nervöst sammanbrott

nervsammanbrott, nervöst sammanbrott

Ex: The intense academic pressure during finals week caused several students to suffer breakdowns.Den intensiva akademiska pressen under tentaveckan fick flera studenter att drabbas av **nervsammanbrott**.
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bulimia
[Substantiv]

a mental illness which causes a person to eat too much and then forces themselves to vomit to maintain their weight

bulimi, ätstörning

bulimi, ätstörning

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exhibitionism
[Substantiv]

compulsive display of one's genitals for the purpose of sexual gratification

exhibitionism, sexuell uppvisning

exhibitionism, sexuell uppvisning

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gender dysphoria
[Substantiv]

the condition in which a person is overwhelmed by distress or impairment due to a mismatch between their biological sex and their gender identity

könsdysfori, sexuell dysfori

könsdysfori, sexuell dysfori

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hyperactivity
[Substantiv]

a state where a person is unusually active, is unable to stay focused or quiet for long, experienced mostly by children

hyperaktivitet, överretning

hyperaktivitet, överretning

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hypochondria
[Substantiv]

a mental condition in which a person is constantly anxious and worried about their health

hypokondri, hälsoro

hypokondri, hälsoro

Ex: Support from mental health professionals , as well as education about the nature of hypochondria and its treatment options , can help individuals with this condition manage their symptoms and improve their quality of life .Stöd från mentalhälsoprofessionella, samt utbildning om **hypokondri**s natur och dess behandlingsalternativ, kan hjälpa individer med detta tillstånd att hantera sina symptom och förbättra sin livskvalitet.
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kleptomania
[Substantiv]

a mental condition in which one is obsessed with stealing things without any financial motive

kleptomani, stöldmani

kleptomani, stöldmani

Ex: Support from mental health professionals and support groups can be valuable for individuals with kleptomania in learning coping strategies and preventing relapse into stealing behaviors .Stöd från mentalhälsoprofessionella och stödgrupper kan vara värdefullt för individer med **kleptomani** för att lära sig hanteringsstrategier och förhindra återfall i stöldbeteende.
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manic depression
[Substantiv]

a chronic mental disorder marked by excessive mood swings ranging from depressive lows to crazed highs

bipolär sjukdom, manodepressiv sjukdom

bipolär sjukdom, manodepressiv sjukdom

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megalomania
[Substantiv]

a mental condition in which a person believes themselves to be more powerful and important than they actually are

megalomani, storhetsvansinne

megalomani, storhetsvansinne

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melancholia
[Substantiv]

a severe mental condition in which the patient suffers from depression often without any apparent reason

melankoli

melankoli

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catatonia
[Substantiv]

a mental condition usually associated with schizophrenia in which the patient does not move for long time spans

katatoni, katatoniskt tillstånd

katatoni, katatoniskt tillstånd

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depression
[Substantiv]

a state characterized by constant feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a lack of enegry or interest in activities

depression, melankoli

depression, melankoli

Ex: He spoke openly about his struggles with depression, hoping to help others .Han talade öppet om sina kamp med **depression**, i hopp om att hjälpa andra.
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psychopathy
[Substantiv]

a serious mental disorder associated with antisocial behavior, irresponsibility, and absence of empathy

psykopati, psykopatisk störning

psykopati, psykopatisk störning

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psychosis
[Substantiv]

a severe mental condition in which the patient loses contact with external reality

psykos, psykotiskt tillstånd

psykos, psykotiskt tillstånd

Ex: Psychosis can be a symptom of various mental health disorders , including schizophrenia , bipolar disorder , and severe depression .**Psykos** kan vara ett symptom på olika psykiska hälsostörningar, inklusive schizofreni, bipolär sjukdom och svår depression.
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a psychological condition characterized by physical symptoms that derive from mental or emotional causes, often without any medical explanation

psykosomatisk störning, psykosomatisk sjukdom

psykosomatisk störning, psykosomatisk sjukdom

Ex: Understanding the connection between psychological factors and physical symptoms is crucial for effectively managing psychosomatic disorders and improving overall well-being .Att förstå sambandet mellan psykologiska faktorer och fysiska symptom är avgörande för att effektivt hantera **psykosomatiska störningar** och förbättra det övergripande välbefinnandet.
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pyromania
[Substantiv]

a mental condition in which one is obsessed with setting things on fire

pyromani, brandstiftningsbesatthet

pyromani, brandstiftningsbesatthet

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schizophrenia
[Substantiv]

a chronic mental disorder in which a person's ability to think, feel or behave is affected, often associated with the distortion of reality

schizofreni

schizofreni

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a medical condition in which one is depressed in fall and winter, particularly due to lack of sunlight

säsongsbunden affektiv störning, säsongsbunden depression

säsongsbunden affektiv störning, säsongsbunden depression

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an antisocial personality disorder characterized by lack of sympathy and moral responsibility

sociopatisk personlighet, antisocial personlighetsstörning

sociopatisk personlighet, antisocial personlighetsstörning

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an unrealistic feeling of general inadequacy that causes one to believe they are not as competent, smart, or attractive as other people

mindervärdeskomplex, känsla av mindervärde

mindervärdeskomplex, känsla av mindervärde

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instability
[Substantiv]

tendency to unpredictable changes of mood or to behave erratically

instabilitet

instabilitet

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delirium
[Substantiv]

a state of intense, uncontrolled enthusiasm or excitement that makes one say or do crazy things

delirium, extas

delirium, extas

Ex: The sports arena was a scene of delirium as the final whistle blew .Sportarenan var en scen av **delirium** när den slutliga visslan ljöd.
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complex
[Substantiv]

a group of partly or completely repressed emotions or impulses that affect a person's behavior and patterns of thought

komplex, grupp av undertryckta känslor

komplex, grupp av undertryckta känslor

Ex: She struggled with a complex that caused her to avoid confrontation .Hon kämpade med ett **komplex** som fick henne att undvika konfrontation.
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mental disorder
[Substantiv]

a severe health condition associated with depression, emotional disturbances, and abnormal behaviors that causes significant distress or impairment of personal functioning

psykisk störning, sinnessjukdom

psykisk störning, sinnessjukdom

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monomania
[Substantiv]

an excessive and unhealthy obsession with a singular subject or idea to an extent that it becomes overwhelming and harmful

monomani, överdriven besatthet

monomani, överdriven besatthet

Ex: The novelist , known for his deep dives into subjects , was sometimes criticized for his apparent monomania on specific themes .Romanförfattaren, känd för sina djupa dykningar i ämnen, kritiserades ibland för sin uppenbara **monomani** kring specifika teman.
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nervous breakdown
[Substantiv]

a period of overwhelming mental or emotional distress that occurs suddenly

nervsammanbrott, nervkris

nervsammanbrott, nervkris

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neurosis
[Substantiv]

a mental condition that is not caused by organic disease in which one is constantly anxious, worried, and stressed

neuros, neurotisk störning

neuros, neurotisk störning

Ex: Symptoms of neurosis can include persistent feelings of sadness , irritability , and fear , often without a clear or rational cause .Symptom på **neuroser** kan inkludera bestående känslor av sorg, irritabilitet och rädsla, ofta utan en tydlig eller rationell orsak.
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a disorder causing a person to have recurring unwanted thoughts or to do something such as cleaning or checking on something over and over

tvångssyndrom, OCD

tvångssyndrom, OCD

Ex: Medications such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors ( SSRIs ) can help manage symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder by altering brain chemistry to reduce obsessive thoughts and compulsions .Läkemedel som selektiva serotoninåterupptagshämmare (SSRI) kan hjälpa till att hantera symtomen på **tvångssyndrom** genom att ändra hjärnans kemi för att minska tvångstankar och tvångshandlingar.
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orthorexia nervosa
[Substantiv]

an eating disorder characterized by refraining from eating food that is considered unhealthy at all cost

orthorexia nervosa, hälsosam ätstörning

orthorexia nervosa, hälsosam ätstörning

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paranoia
[Substantiv]

a mental disorder that causes a person to think they are very important or that others are trying to harm them

paranoia

paranoia

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a mental condition in which a person constantly thinks others are trying to hurt them

förföljelsekomplex, förföljelsemani

förföljelsekomplex, förföljelsemani

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any mental illness characterized by different patterns of social behavior, inability to form healthy interpersonal relationships and to function normally in society

personlighetsstörning, karaktärsstörning

personlighetsstörning, karaktärsstörning

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a mental condition in which a woman is depressed and anxious for a period of time after giving birth to a child

postpartum depression

postpartum depression

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a disorder that is formed in a person who has experienced a very shocking or frightening event, causing them to have nightmares or flashbacks from the event

posttraumatiskt stressyndrom

posttraumatiskt stressyndrom

Ex: Early intervention and support are crucial for individuals with post-traumatic stress disorder, as timely treatment can significantly improve outcomes and quality of life .Tidig intervention och stöd är avgörande för personer med **posttraumatiskt stressyndrom**, eftersom behandling i tid kan förbättra resultaten och livskvaliteten avsevärt.
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trauma
[Substantiv]

a medical condition of the mind caused by extreme shock, which could last for a very long time

trauma, känslomässig chock

trauma, känslomässig chock

Ex: Witnessing a natural disaster can leave survivors with lasting trauma and fear .Att bevittna en naturkatastrof kan lämna överlevande med bestående **trauma** och rädsla.
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shell shock
[Substantiv]

a type of stress-related disorder affecting some soldiers who have served in wars

traumatisk chock, krigsneurosis

traumatisk chock, krigsneurosis

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eating disorder
[Substantiv]

a mental condition that causes a person to eat too much or too little

äta störning, ätbeteendestörning

äta störning, ätbeteendestörning

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egomania
[Substantiv]

a mental condition in which one is abnormally self-centered and self-interested

egomani,  megalomani

egomani, megalomani

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delusion
[Substantiv]

(psychology) a mental condition in which a person has a false belief system that is contradicted by evidence

vanföreställning,  illusion

vanföreställning, illusion

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dementia
[Substantiv]

a mental condition that happens when the brain is damaged by disease or injury, causing memory loss and impairing the ability to think or make decisions

demens, kognitiv störning

demens, kognitiv störning

Ex: Alzheimer 's disease is a common form of dementia.Alzheimers sjukdom är en vanlig form av **demens**.
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a chronic condition marked by excessive and persistent worry about various aspects of life, often without a specific cause

generaliserat ångestsyndrom

generaliserat ångestsyndrom

Ex: The persistent nature of generalized anxiety disorder can lead to fatigue and difficulty concentrating .Den ihållande naturen hos **generell ångeststörning** kan leda till trötthet och svårigheter att koncentrera sig.
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mania
[Substantiv]

mental condition that causes extreme and unusual changes in one's energy level, mood, or emotions

mani

mani

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a disorder where individuals feign or induce symptoms to garner attention or sympathy, often leading to unnecessary medical interventions

Münchhausens syndrom, konstgjord störning

Münchhausens syndrom, konstgjord störning

Ex: Treatment for Munchausen syndrome may involve psychotherapy to address underlying psychological issues .Behandling av **Münchhausens syndrom** kan innefatta psykoterapi för att hantera underliggande psykologiska problem.
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schizoid
[Substantiv]

a personality disorder marked by emotional detachment and a preference for solitude

schizoid, schizoid personlighet

schizoid, schizoid personlighet

Ex: Laura 's independence and preference for solitude align with the features of schizoid.Lauras självständighet och preferens för ensamhet stämmer överens med egenskaperna hos **schizoid**.
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amnesia
[Substantiv]

a severe medical condition that leads to partial or complete loss of memory

amnesi

amnesi

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senile dementia
[Substantiv]

a severe condition that mainly affects older people's minds and causes memory loss, involuntary movements, etc.

senil demens, åldersdemens

senil demens, åldersdemens

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a form of autism characterized by social difficulties, repetitive behaviors, and focused interests, often with average to above-average intelligence

Aspergers syndrom, högfungerande autism

Aspergers syndrom, högfungerande autism

Ex: John's straightforward communication style is influenced by his Asperger's syndrome.Johns direkta kommunikationsstil påverkas av hans **Aspergers syndrom**.
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bigorexia
[Substantiv]

a disorder where individuals become excessively obsessed with building muscle mass and have a distorted perception of their own body image, leading to compulsive exercise behaviors

bigorexi, muskeldysmorfobi

bigorexi, muskeldysmorfobi

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a psychological disorder that causes a person to spend a lot of time thinking obsessively about the imaginary imperfections in their appearance

kroppsdysmorfiskt syndrom, dysmorfofobi

kroppsdysmorfiskt syndrom, dysmorfofobi

Ex: Early diagnosis and treatment of body dysmorphic disorder are essential to prevent the condition from severely impacting an individual 's quality of life and mental health .Tidig diagnos och behandling av **kroppsdysmorfiskt syndrom** är viktigt för att förhindra att tillståndet påverkar en persons livskvalitet och psykiska hälsa allvarligt.
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