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健康与疾病 - 精神疾病和问题

在这里,你将学习一些与精神疾病和问题相关的英语单词,如“焦虑”、“精神分裂症”和“创伤”。

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a condition, experienced mostly by children, making them seem restless, unable to keep focus, and act impulsively

注意力缺陷多动障碍, ADHD

注意力缺陷多动障碍, ADHD

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an eating disorder, particularly in women, marked by body image disturbance and obsessive fear of becoming fat, which leads to dangerous weight loss

神经性厌食症, 厌食症

神经性厌食症, 厌食症

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anxiety
[名词]

(psychiatry) a mental disorder of constant nervousness and worry, in which one expects something bad to happen with no valid reason

焦虑, 焦虑症

焦虑, 焦虑症

Ex: Physical symptoms of anxiety include rapid heartbeat and sweating .**焦虑**的身体症状包括心跳加速和出汗。
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a post-traumatic stress disorder resulting from prolonged exposure to active warfare

战斗疲劳, 创伤后应激障碍

战斗疲劳, 创伤后应激障碍

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a chronic mental health condition marked by episodes of mania and depression

双相情感障碍, 躁郁症

双相情感障碍, 躁郁症

Ex: Support from friends , family , and mental health professionals is essential for individuals with bipolar disorder to effectively manage their condition and improve their quality of life .来自朋友、家人和心理健康专业人士的支持对于患有**双相情感障碍**的个人有效管理他们的状况并改善他们的生活质量至关重要。
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a mental illness that causes a person to act impulsively, to experience severe shifts in mood, and to be unable to form interpersonal relationships

边缘型人格障碍, 边缘人格障碍

边缘型人格障碍, 边缘人格障碍

Ex: With appropriate therapy and support , individuals with borderline personality disorder can learn to manage their symptoms and improve their overall quality of life .通过适当的治疗和支持,患有**边缘型人格障碍**的个体可以学会管理他们的症状并提高他们的整体生活质量。
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breakdown
[名词]

a condition in which a person becomes so anxious or depressed that they can no longer handle their everyday life

精神崩溃, 神经衰弱

精神崩溃, 神经衰弱

Ex: The intense academic pressure during finals week caused several students to suffer breakdowns.期末考试周期间强烈的学术压力导致几名学生遭受**精神崩溃**。
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bulimia
[名词]

a mental illness which causes a person to eat too much and then forces themselves to vomit to maintain their weight

暴食症, 神经性贪食症

暴食症, 神经性贪食症

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compulsive display of one's genitals for the purpose of sexual gratification

暴露癖, 性暴露

暴露癖, 性暴露

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the condition in which a person is overwhelmed by distress or impairment due to a mismatch between their biological sex and their gender identity

性别不安, 性不安

性别不安, 性不安

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a state where a person is unusually active, is unable to stay focused or quiet for long, experienced mostly by children

多动症, 过度活跃

多动症, 过度活跃

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hypochondria
[名词]

a mental condition in which a person is constantly anxious and worried about their health

疑病症, 健康焦虑

疑病症, 健康焦虑

Ex: Support from mental health professionals , as well as education about the nature of hypochondria and its treatment options , can help individuals with this condition manage their symptoms and improve their quality of life .心理健康专业人士的支持,以及关于**疑病症**本质及其治疗方案的教育,可以帮助患有这种病症的人管理他们的症状并提高他们的生活质量。
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kleptomania
[名词]

a mental condition in which one is obsessed with stealing things without any financial motive

偷窃癖, 盗窃狂

偷窃癖, 盗窃狂

Ex: Support from mental health professionals and support groups can be valuable for individuals with kleptomania in learning coping strategies and preventing relapse into stealing behaviors .来自心理健康专业人士和支持团体的支持对于患有**偷窃癖**的个人学习应对策略和防止再次出现偷窃行为非常有价值。
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a chronic mental disorder marked by excessive mood swings ranging from depressive lows to crazed highs

双相情感障碍, 躁郁症

双相情感障碍, 躁郁症

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megalomania
[名词]

a mental condition in which a person believes themselves to be more powerful and important than they actually are

妄自尊大, 夸大狂

妄自尊大, 夸大狂

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melancholia
[名词]

a severe mental condition in which the patient suffers from depression often without any apparent reason

忧郁症

忧郁症

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catatonia
[名词]

a mental condition usually associated with schizophrenia in which the patient does not move for long time spans

紧张症, 紧张状态

紧张症, 紧张状态

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depression
[名词]

a state characterized by constant feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a lack of enegry or interest in activities

抑郁, 忧郁

抑郁, 忧郁

Ex: He spoke openly about his struggles with depression, hoping to help others .他公开谈论了自己与**抑郁症**的斗争,希望能帮助他人。
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psychopathy
[名词]

a serious mental disorder associated with antisocial behavior, irresponsibility, and absence of empathy

精神病态, 精神病态障碍

精神病态, 精神病态障碍

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psychosis
[名词]

a severe mental condition in which the patient loses contact with external reality

精神病, 精神病状态

精神病, 精神病状态

Ex: Psychosis can be a symptom of various mental health disorders , including schizophrenia , bipolar disorder , and severe depression .**精神病**可能是各种心理健康障碍的症状,包括精神分裂症、双相情感障碍和严重抑郁症。
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a psychological condition characterized by physical symptoms that derive from mental or emotional causes, often without any medical explanation

心身疾病, 身心症

心身疾病, 身心症

Ex: Understanding the connection between psychological factors and physical symptoms is crucial for effectively managing psychosomatic disorders and improving overall well-being .理解心理因素和身体症状之间的联系对于有效管理**身心障碍**和改善整体健康至关重要。
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pyromania
[名词]

a mental condition in which one is obsessed with setting things on fire

纵火狂, 对放火的痴迷

纵火狂, 对放火的痴迷

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a chronic mental disorder in which a person's ability to think, feel or behave is affected, often associated with the distortion of reality

精神分裂症

精神分裂症

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a medical condition in which one is depressed in fall and winter, particularly due to lack of sunlight

季节性情感障碍, 季节性抑郁症

季节性情感障碍, 季节性抑郁症

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an antisocial personality disorder characterized by lack of sympathy and moral responsibility

反社会人格, 反社会人格障碍

反社会人格, 反社会人格障碍

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an unrealistic feeling of general inadequacy that causes one to believe they are not as competent, smart, or attractive as other people

自卑情结, 自卑感

自卑情结, 自卑感

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instability
[名词]

tendency to unpredictable changes of mood or to behave erratically

不稳定

不稳定

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delirium
[名词]

a state of intense, uncontrolled enthusiasm or excitement that makes one say or do crazy things

谵妄, 兴奋

谵妄, 兴奋

Ex: The sports arena was a scene of delirium as the final whistle blew .当终场哨声响起时,体育场是一片**疯狂**的景象。
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complex
[名词]

a group of partly or completely repressed emotions or impulses that affect a person's behavior and patterns of thought

情结, 被压抑的情感群

情结, 被压抑的情感群

Ex: She struggled with a complex that caused her to avoid confrontation .她与一个让她避免对抗的**情结**作斗争。
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a severe health condition associated with depression, emotional disturbances, and abnormal behaviors that causes significant distress or impairment of personal functioning

精神障碍, 精神病

精神障碍, 精神病

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monomania
[名词]

an excessive and unhealthy obsession with a singular subject or idea to an extent that it becomes overwhelming and harmful

偏执狂, 过度痴迷

偏执狂, 过度痴迷

Ex: The novelist , known for his deep dives into subjects , was sometimes criticized for his apparent monomania on specific themes .这位以深入探讨主题而闻名的小说家,有时会因其对特定主题的明显**偏执**而受到批评。
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a period of overwhelming mental or emotional distress that occurs suddenly

精神崩溃, 神经衰弱

精神崩溃, 神经衰弱

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neurosis
[名词]

a mental condition that is not caused by organic disease in which one is constantly anxious, worried, and stressed

神经症, 神经官能症

神经症, 神经官能症

Ex: Symptoms of neurosis can include persistent feelings of sadness , irritability , and fear , often without a clear or rational cause .**神经症**的症状可能包括持续的悲伤、易怒和恐惧感,通常没有明确或合理的原因。
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a disorder causing a person to have recurring unwanted thoughts or to do something such as cleaning or checking on something over and over

强迫症, OCD

强迫症, OCD

Ex: Medications such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors ( SSRIs ) can help manage symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder by altering brain chemistry to reduce obsessive thoughts and compulsions .诸如选择性血清素再摄取抑制剂(SSRIs)之类的药物可以通过改变大脑化学物质来减少强迫思维和强迫行为,从而帮助管理**强迫症**的症状。
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an eating disorder characterized by refraining from eating food that is considered unhealthy at all cost

健康饮食强迫症, 神经性健康饮食症

健康饮食强迫症, 神经性健康饮食症

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paranoia
[名词]

a mental disorder that causes a person to think they are very important or that others are trying to harm them

妄想症

妄想症

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a mental condition in which a person constantly thinks others are trying to hurt them

被迫害情结, 被害妄想

被迫害情结, 被害妄想

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any mental illness characterized by different patterns of social behavior, inability to form healthy interpersonal relationships and to function normally in society

人格障碍, 性格障碍

人格障碍, 性格障碍

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a mental condition in which a woman is depressed and anxious for a period of time after giving birth to a child

产后抑郁症

产后抑郁症

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a disorder that is formed in a person who has experienced a very shocking or frightening event, causing them to have nightmares or flashbacks from the event

创伤后应激障碍

创伤后应激障碍

Ex: Early intervention and support are crucial for individuals with post-traumatic stress disorder, as timely treatment can significantly improve outcomes and quality of life .对于患有**创伤后应激障碍**的个体来说,早期干预和支持至关重要,因为及时治疗可以显著改善结果和生活质量。
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trauma
[名词]

a medical condition of the mind caused by extreme shock, which could last for a very long time

创伤, 情感冲击

创伤, 情感冲击

Ex: Witnessing a natural disaster can leave survivors with lasting trauma and fear .目睹自然灾害可能会给幸存者留下持久的**创伤**和恐惧。
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shell shock
[名词]

a type of stress-related disorder affecting some soldiers who have served in wars

创伤性休克, 战争神经症

创伤性休克, 战争神经症

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a mental condition that causes a person to eat too much or too little

饮食失调, 进食行为障碍

饮食失调, 进食行为障碍

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egomania
[名词]

a mental condition in which one is abnormally self-centered and self-interested

自我中心狂,  自大狂

自我中心狂, 自大狂

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delusion
[名词]

(psychology) a mental condition in which a person has a false belief system that is contradicted by evidence

妄想,  幻觉

妄想, 幻觉

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dementia
[名词]

a mental condition that happens when the brain is damaged by disease or injury, causing memory loss and impairing the ability to think or make decisions

痴呆, 认知障碍

痴呆, 认知障碍

Ex: Alzheimer 's disease is a common form of dementia.阿尔茨海默病是**痴呆症**的一种常见形式。
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a chronic condition marked by excessive and persistent worry about various aspects of life, often without a specific cause

广泛性焦虑障碍

广泛性焦虑障碍

Ex: The persistent nature of generalized anxiety disorder can lead to fatigue and difficulty concentrating .**广泛性焦虑症**的持续性可导致疲劳和注意力难以集中。
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mania
[名词]

mental condition that causes extreme and unusual changes in one's energy level, mood, or emotions

躁狂症

躁狂症

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a disorder where individuals feign or induce symptoms to garner attention or sympathy, often leading to unnecessary medical interventions

孟乔森综合症, 做作性障碍

孟乔森综合症, 做作性障碍

Ex: Treatment for Munchausen syndrome may involve psychotherapy to address underlying psychological issues .**孟乔森综合症**的治疗可能包括心理治疗,以解决潜在的心理问题。
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schizoid
[名词]

a personality disorder marked by emotional detachment and a preference for solitude

分裂样, 分裂样人格

分裂样, 分裂样人格

Ex: Laura 's independence and preference for solitude align with the features of schizoid.劳拉的独立性和对孤独的偏好与**分裂样**人格的特征一致。
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amnesia
[名词]

a severe medical condition that leads to partial or complete loss of memory

失忆症

失忆症

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a severe condition that mainly affects older people's minds and causes memory loss, involuntary movements, etc.

老年痴呆, 衰老性痴呆

老年痴呆, 衰老性痴呆

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a form of autism characterized by social difficulties, repetitive behaviors, and focused interests, often with average to above-average intelligence

阿斯伯格综合症, 高功能自闭症

阿斯伯格综合症, 高功能自闭症

Ex: John's straightforward communication style is influenced by his Asperger's syndrome.约翰直率的沟通风格受到他的**阿斯伯格综合症**的影响。
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bigorexia
[名词]

a disorder where individuals become excessively obsessed with building muscle mass and have a distorted perception of their own body image, leading to compulsive exercise behaviors

肌肉上瘾症, 肌肉畸形恐惧症

肌肉上瘾症, 肌肉畸形恐惧症

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a psychological disorder that causes a person to spend a lot of time thinking obsessively about the imaginary imperfections in their appearance

身体畸形恐惧症, 躯体变形障碍

身体畸形恐惧症, 躯体变形障碍

Ex: Early diagnosis and treatment of body dysmorphic disorder are essential to prevent the condition from severely impacting an individual 's quality of life and mental health .早期诊断和治疗**身体畸形障碍**对于防止该病症严重影响个人的生活质量和心理健康至关重要。
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健康与疾病
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