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Sănătate și Boală - Boli și Probleme Mintale

Aici veți învăța câteva cuvinte în engleză legate de boli și probleme mentale precum "anxietate", "schizofrenie" și "traumă".

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Words Related to Health and Sickness
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

a condition, experienced mostly by children, making them seem restless, unable to keep focus, and act impulsively

tulburare de deficit de atenție și hiperactivitate, ADHD

tulburare de deficit de atenție și hiperactivitate, ADHD

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anorexia nervosa
anorexia nervosa
[substantiv]

an eating disorder, particularly in women, marked by body image disturbance and obsessive fear of becoming fat, which leads to dangerous weight loss

anorexie nervoasă, anorexie mentală

anorexie nervoasă, anorexie mentală

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anxiety
anxiety
[substantiv]

(psychiatry) a mental disorder of constant nervousness and worry, in which one expects something bad to happen with no valid reason

anxietate, tulburare de anxietate

anxietate, tulburare de anxietate

Ex: Generalized anxiety disorder involves chronic worry about everyday situations. 
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battle fatigue
battle fatigue
[substantiv]

a post-traumatic stress disorder resulting from prolonged exposure to active warfare

oboseală de luptă, tulburare de stres posttraumatic

oboseală de luptă, tulburare de stres posttraumatic

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bipolar disorder
bipolar disorder
[substantiv]

a chronic mental health condition marked by episodes of mania and depression

tulburare bipolară, boală maniaco-depresivă

tulburare bipolară, boală maniaco-depresivă

Ex: Bipolar disorder is a mental health condition characterized by extreme mood swings that include periods of mania (elevated mood) and depression (low mood). 
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borderline personality disorder

a mental illness that causes a person to act impulsively, to experience severe shifts in mood, and to be unable to form interpersonal relationships

tulburare de personalitate borderline, tulburare de personalitate la limita

tulburare de personalitate borderline, tulburare de personalitate la limita

Ex: Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a mental health condition characterized by intense and unstable relationships, emotions, and self-image. 
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breakdown
breakdown
[substantiv]

a condition in which a person becomes so anxious or depressed that they can no longer handle their everyday life

colaps nervos, efondrare nervoasă

colaps nervos, efondrare nervoasă

Ex: After months of stress at work, he experienced a nervous breakdown and had to take a leave of absence. 
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bulimia
bulimia
[substantiv]

a mental illness which causes a person to eat too much and then forces themselves to vomit to maintain their weight

bulimie, tulburare de alimentație excesivă

bulimie, tulburare de alimentație excesivă

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exhibitionism
exhibitionism
[substantiv]

compulsive display of one's genitals for the purpose of sexual gratification

exhibitionism, exhibiție sexuală

exhibitionism, exhibiție sexuală

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gender dysphoria
gender dysphoria
[substantiv]

the condition in which a person is overwhelmed by distress or impairment due to a mismatch between their biological sex and their gender identity

disforie de gen, disforie sexuală

disforie de gen, disforie sexuală

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hyperactivity
hyperactivity
[substantiv]

a state where a person is unusually active, is unable to stay focused or quiet for long, experienced mostly by children

hiperactivitate, supraexcitație

hiperactivitate, supraexcitație

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hypochondria
hypochondria
[substantiv]

a mental condition in which a person is constantly anxious and worried about their health

hipohondrie, anxietate privind sănătatea

hipohondrie, anxietate privind sănătatea

Ex: Hypochondria, also known as illness anxiety disorder, is a mental health condition characterized by excessive worry and fear about having a serious medical illness, despite no or minimal evidence of actual illness. 
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kleptomania
kleptomania
[substantiv]

a mental condition in which one is obsessed with stealing things without any financial motive

cleptomanie, boala de a fura

cleptomanie, boala de a fura

Ex: Kleptomania is a mental health disorder characterized by a recurrent urge to steal items that are not needed for personal use or monetary gain. 
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manic depression
manic depression
[substantiv]

a chronic mental disorder marked by excessive mood swings ranging from depressive lows to crazed highs

tulburare bipolară, depresie maniacală

tulburare bipolară, depresie maniacală

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megalomania
megalomania
[substantiv]

a psychological condition or personality trait characterized by an inflated sense of power, importance, or self-worth

megalomanie, delir de măreție

megalomanie, delir de măreție

Ex: The dictator's megalomania led him to believe he was destined to rule the world. 
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melancholia
melancholia
[substantiv]

a severe mental condition in which the patient suffers from depression often without any apparent reason

melancolie

melancolie

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catatonia
catatonia
[substantiv]

a mental condition usually associated with schizophrenia in which the patient does not move for long time spans

catatonie, stare catatonică

catatonie, stare catatonică

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depression
depression
[substantiv]

a state characterized by constant feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a lack of enegry or interest in activities

depresie, melancolie

depresie, melancolie

Ex: After the breakup, he fell into a deep depression. 
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psychopathy
psychopathy
[substantiv]

a serious mental disorder associated with antisocial behavior, irresponsibility, and absence of empathy

psihopatie, tulburare psihopatică

psihopatie, tulburare psihopatică

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psychosis
psychosis
[substantiv]

a severe mental condition in which the patient loses contact with external reality

psihoză, stare psihotică

psihoză, stare psihotică

Ex: Psychosis is a mental health condition characterized by a loss of contact with reality, often manifesting as hallucinations or delusions. 
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psychosomatic disorder

a psychological condition characterized by physical symptoms that derive from mental or emotional causes, often without any medical explanation

tulburare psihosomatică, boală psihosomatică

tulburare psihosomatică, boală psihosomatică

Ex: A psychosomatic disorder is a condition in which physical symptoms are caused or aggravated by psychological factors, such as stress, anxiety, or emotional distress. 
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pyromania
pyromania
[substantiv]

a mental condition in which one is obsessed with setting things on fire

piromanie, obsesia pentru incendieri

piromanie, obsesia pentru incendieri

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schizophrenia
schizophrenia
[substantiv]

a chronic mental disorder in which a person's ability to think, feel or behave is affected, often associated with the distortion of reality

schizofrenie

schizofrenie

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‌seasonal affective disorder

a medical condition in which one is depressed in fall and winter, particularly due to lack of sunlight

tulburare afectivă sezonieră, depresie sezonieră

tulburare afectivă sezonieră, depresie sezonieră

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sociopathic personality

an antisocial personality disorder characterized by lack of sympathy and moral responsibility

personalitate sociopatică, tulburare de personalitate antisocială

personalitate sociopatică, tulburare de personalitate antisocială

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inferiority complex

an unrealistic feeling of general inadequacy that causes one to believe they are not as competent, smart, or attractive as other people

complex de inferioritate, sentiment de inferioritate

complex de inferioritate, sentiment de inferioritate

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instability
instability
[substantiv]

tendency to unpredictable changes of mood or to behave erratically

instabilitate

instabilitate

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delirium
delirium
[substantiv]

a state of intense, uncontrolled enthusiasm or excitement that makes one say or do crazy things

delir, extaz

delir, extaz

Ex: Her delirium over the concert's surprise guest led to spontaneous dancing. 
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complex
complex
[substantiv]

a group of partly or completely repressed emotions or impulses that affect a person's behavior and patterns of thought

complex, grup de emoții reprimate

complex, grup de emoții reprimate

Ex: His fear of failure was linked to a complex developed in childhood. 
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mental disorder
mental disorder
[substantiv]

a severe health condition associated with depression, emotional disturbances, and abnormal behaviors that causes significant distress or impairment of personal functioning

tulburare mentală, boală mentală

tulburare mentală, boală mentală

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monomania
monomania
[substantiv]

an excessive and unhealthy obsession with a singular subject or idea to an extent that it becomes overwhelming and harmful

monomanie, obsesie excesivă

monomanie, obsesie excesivă

Ex: His friends grew concerned when his love for vintage cars evolved into a clear monomania, causing him to neglect other aspects of his life. 
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nervous breakdown
nervous breakdown
[substantiv]

a period of overwhelming mental or emotional distress that occurs suddenly

criză nervoasă, colaps nervos

criză nervoasă, colaps nervos

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neurosis
neurosis
[substantiv]

a mental condition that is not caused by organic disease in which one is constantly anxious, worried, and stressed

neuroză, tulburare nevrotică

neuroză, tulburare nevrotică

Ex: Neurosis often manifests as chronic anxiety, obsessive behaviors, or phobias that interfere with daily functioning. 
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obsessive-compulsive disorder

a disorder causing a person to have recurring unwanted thoughts or to do something such as cleaning or checking on something over and over

tulburare obsesiv-compulsivă, OCD

tulburare obsesiv-compulsivă, OCD

Ex: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by persistent, unwanted thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors (compulsions) performed to alleviate anxiety. 
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orthorexia nervosa
orthorexia nervosa
[substantiv]

an eating disorder characterized by refraining from eating food that is considered unhealthy at all cost

ortorexie nervoasă, obsesia pentru mâncat sănătos

ortorexie nervoasă, obsesia pentru mâncat sănătos

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paranoia
paranoia
[substantiv]

an unreasonable and persistent fear that others want to harm you

paranoia, neîncredere patologică

paranoia, neîncredere patologică

Ex: He suffered from paranoia and trusted no one. 
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persecution complex

a mental condition in which a person constantly thinks others are trying to hurt them

complex de persecuție, delir de persecuție

complex de persecuție, delir de persecuție

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personality disorder

any mental illness characterized by different patterns of social behavior, inability to form healthy interpersonal relationships and to function normally in society

tulburare de personalitate, tulburare de caracter

tulburare de personalitate, tulburare de caracter

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postpartum depression

a mental health condition causing sadness, anxiety, or low mood after a woman gives birth

depresie postnatală, depresie postpartum

depresie postnatală, depresie postpartum

Ex: She sought help for postpartum depression after her baby was born. 
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post-traumatic stress disorder

a disorder that is formed in a person who has experienced a very shocking or frightening event, causing them to have nightmares or flashbacks from the event

tulburare de stres posttraumatic

tulburare de stres posttraumatic

Ex: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition that can develop after an individual experiences or witnesses a traumatic event, such as combat, a natural disaster, or a serious accident. 
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trauma
trauma
[substantiv]

a medical condition of the mind caused by extreme shock, which could last for a very long time

traumă, șoc emoțional

traumă, șoc emoțional

Ex: She sought therapy to help her cope with the emotional trauma from the car accident. 
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shell shock
shell shock
[substantiv]

a type of stress-related disorder affecting some soldiers who have served in wars

șoc traumatic, nevroză de război

șoc traumatic, nevroză de război

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eating disorder
eating disorder
[substantiv]

a mental condition that causes a person to eat too much or too little

tulburare de alimentație, tulburare a comportamentului alimentar

tulburare de alimentație, tulburare a comportamentului alimentar

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egomania
egomania
[substantiv]

a mental condition in which one is abnormally self-centered and self-interested

egomanie,  megalomanie

egomanie, megalomanie

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delusion
delusion
[substantiv]

(psychology) a mental condition in which a person has a false belief system that is contradicted by evidence

delir,  iluzie

delir, iluzie

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dementia
dementia
[substantiv]

a mental condition that happens when the brain is damaged by disease or injury, causing memory loss and impairing the ability to think or make decisions

demență, tulburare cognitivă

demență, tulburare cognitivă

Ex: His grandmother was diagnosed with dementia and had trouble remembering simple tasks. 
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generalized anxiety disorder

a chronic condition marked by excessive and persistent worry about various aspects of life, often without a specific cause

tulburare de anxietate generalizată

tulburare de anxietate generalizată

Ex: Sarah's generalized anxiety disorder manifests as constant worry and fear, impacting her daily life. 
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mania
mania
[substantiv]

mental condition that causes extreme and unusual changes in one's energy level, mood, or emotions

manie

manie

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munchausen syndrome

a disorder where individuals feign or induce symptoms to garner attention or sympathy, often leading to unnecessary medical interventions

sindromul Münchhausen, tulburare factice

sindromul Münchhausen, tulburare factice

Ex: Munchausen syndrome involves a pattern of seeking medical attention through deceptive means, such as faking illnesses. 
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schizoid
schizoid
[substantiv]

a personality disorder marked by emotional detachment and a preference for solitude

schizoid, personalitate schizoidă

schizoid, personalitate schizoidă

Ex: reg's difficulty expressing emotions is a manifestation of schizoid. 
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amnesia
amnesia
[substantiv]

a severe medical condition that leads to partial or complete loss of memory

amnezie

amnezie

Ex: After the car accident she experienced temporary amnesia and could not remember the afternoon before the crash. 
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senile dementia
senile dementia
[substantiv]

a severe condition that mainly affects older people's minds and causes memory loss, involuntary movements, etc.

demență senilă, degenerescență mentală senilă

demență senilă, degenerescență mentală senilă

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Asperger's syndrome

a form of autism characterized by social difficulties, repetitive behaviors, and focused interests, often with average to above-average intelligence

sindromul Asperger, autism de înaltă funcționalitate

sindromul Asperger, autism de înaltă funcționalitate

Ex: Mark, diagnosed with Asperger's syndrome, excels in academics but struggles with social cues. 
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bigorexia
bigorexia
[substantiv]

a disorder where individuals become excessively obsessed with building muscle mass and have a distorted perception of their own body image, leading to compulsive exercise behaviors

bigorexie, dismorfia musculară

bigorexie, dismorfia musculară

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body dysmorphic disorder

a psychological disorder that causes a person to spend a lot of time thinking obsessively about the imaginary imperfections in their appearance

tulburare dismorfică corporală, dismorfofobie

tulburare dismorfică corporală, dismorfofobie

Ex: Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a mental health condition where individuals obsess over perceived flaws in their appearance, which are often unnoticeable to others. 
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