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Health and Sickness - Mental Illnesses and Problems

Here you will learn some English words related to mental illnesses and problems such as "anxiety", "schizophrenia", and "trauma".

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Words Related to Health and Sickness
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

a condition, experienced mostly by children, making them seem restless, unable to keep focus, and act impulsively

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anorexia nervosa

an eating disorder, particularly in women, marked by body image disturbance and obsessive fear of becoming fat, which leads to dangerous weight loss

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anxiety
anxiety
[noun]

(psychiatry) a mental disorder of constant nervousness and worry, in which one expects something bad to happen with no valid reason

Ex: Generalized anxiety disorder involves chronic worry about everyday situations. 
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battle fatigue

a post-traumatic stress disorder resulting from prolonged exposure to active warfare

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bipolar disorder

a chronic mental health condition marked by episodes of mania and depression

Ex: Bipolar disorder is a mental health condition characterized by extreme mood swings that include periods of mania (elevated mood) and depression (low mood). 
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borderline personality disorder

a mental illness that causes a person to act impulsively, to experience severe shifts in mood, and to be unable to form interpersonal relationships

Ex: Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a mental health condition characterized by intense and unstable relationships, emotions, and self-image. 
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breakdown
breakdown
[noun]

a condition in which a person becomes so anxious or depressed that they can no longer handle their everyday life

Ex: After months of stress at work, he experienced a nervous breakdown and had to take a leave of absence. 
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bulimia
bulimia
[noun]

a mental illness which causes a person to eat too much and then forces themselves to vomit to maintain their weight

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exhibitionism

compulsive display of one's genitals for the purpose of sexual gratification

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gender dysphoria

the condition in which a person is overwhelmed by distress or impairment due to a mismatch between their biological sex and their gender identity

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hyperactivity

a state where a person is unusually active, is unable to stay focused or quiet for long, experienced mostly by children

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hypochondria

a mental condition in which a person is constantly anxious and worried about their health

Ex: Hypochondria, also known as illness anxiety disorder, is a mental health condition characterized by excessive worry and fear about having a serious medical illness, despite no or minimal evidence of actual illness. 
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kleptomania

a mental condition in which one is obsessed with stealing things without any financial motive

Ex: Kleptomania is a mental health disorder characterized by a recurrent urge to steal items that are not needed for personal use or monetary gain. 
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manic depression

a chronic mental disorder marked by excessive mood swings ranging from depressive lows to crazed highs

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megalomania

a psychological condition or personality trait characterized by an inflated sense of power, importance, or self-worth

Ex: The dictator's megalomania led him to believe he was destined to rule the world. 
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melancholia

a severe mental condition in which the patient suffers from depression often without any apparent reason

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catatonia
catatonia
[noun]

a mental condition usually associated with schizophrenia in which the patient does not move for long time spans

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depression

a state characterized by constant feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a lack of enegry or interest in activities

Ex: After the breakup, he fell into a deep depression. 
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psychopathy

a serious mental disorder associated with antisocial behavior, irresponsibility, and absence of empathy

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psychosis
psychosis
[noun]

a severe mental condition in which the patient loses contact with external reality

Ex: Psychosis is a mental health condition characterized by a loss of contact with reality, often manifesting as hallucinations or delusions. 
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psychosomatic disorder

a psychological condition characterized by physical symptoms that derive from mental or emotional causes, often without any medical explanation

Ex: A psychosomatic disorder is a condition in which physical symptoms are caused or aggravated by psychological factors, such as stress, anxiety, or emotional distress. 
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pyromania
pyromania
[noun]

a mental condition in which one is obsessed with setting things on fire

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schizophrenia

a chronic mental disorder in which a person's ability to think, feel or behave is affected, often associated with the distortion of reality

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‌seasonal affective disorder

a medical condition in which one is depressed in fall and winter, particularly due to lack of sunlight

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sociopathic personality

an antisocial personality disorder characterized by lack of sympathy and moral responsibility

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inferiority complex

an unrealistic feeling of general inadequacy that causes one to believe they are not as competent, smart, or attractive as other people

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instability

tendency to unpredictable changes of mood or to behave erratically

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delirium
delirium
[noun]

a state of intense, uncontrolled enthusiasm or excitement that makes one say or do crazy things

Ex: Her delirium over the concert's surprise guest led to spontaneous dancing. 
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complex
complex
[noun]

a group of partly or completely repressed emotions or impulses that affect a person's behavior and patterns of thought

Ex: His fear of failure was linked to a complex developed in childhood. 
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mental disorder

a severe health condition associated with depression, emotional disturbances, and abnormal behaviors that causes significant distress or impairment of personal functioning

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monomania
monomania
[noun]

an excessive and unhealthy obsession with a singular subject or idea to an extent that it becomes overwhelming and harmful

Ex: His friends grew concerned when his love for vintage cars evolved into a clear monomania, causing him to neglect other aspects of his life. 
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nervous breakdown

a period of overwhelming mental or emotional distress that occurs suddenly

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neurosis
neurosis
[noun]

a mental condition that is not caused by organic disease in which one is constantly anxious, worried, and stressed

Ex: Neurosis often manifests as chronic anxiety, obsessive behaviors, or phobias that interfere with daily functioning. 
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obsessive-compulsive disorder

a disorder causing a person to have recurring unwanted thoughts or to do something such as cleaning or checking on something over and over

Ex: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by persistent, unwanted thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors (compulsions) performed to alleviate anxiety. 
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orthorexia nervosa

an eating disorder characterized by refraining from eating food that is considered unhealthy at all cost

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paranoia
paranoia
[noun]

an unreasonable and persistent fear that others want to harm you

Ex: He suffered from paranoia and trusted no one. 
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persecution complex

a mental condition in which a person constantly thinks others are trying to hurt them

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personality disorder

any mental illness characterized by different patterns of social behavior, inability to form healthy interpersonal relationships and to function normally in society

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postpartum depression

a mental health condition causing sadness, anxiety, or low mood after a woman gives birth

Ex: She sought help for postpartum depression after her baby was born. 
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post-traumatic stress disorder

a disorder that is formed in a person who has experienced a very shocking or frightening event, causing them to have nightmares or flashbacks from the event

Ex: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition that can develop after an individual experiences or witnesses a traumatic event, such as combat, a natural disaster, or a serious accident. 
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trauma
trauma
[noun]

a medical condition of the mind caused by extreme shock, which could last for a very long time

Ex: She sought therapy to help her cope with the emotional trauma from the car accident. 
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shell shock

a type of stress-related disorder affecting some soldiers who have served in wars

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eating disorder

a mental condition that causes a person to eat too much or too little

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egomania
egomania
[noun]

a mental condition in which one is abnormally self-centered and self-interested

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delusion
delusion
[noun]

(psychology) a mental condition in which a person has a false belief system that is contradicted by evidence

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dementia
dementia
[noun]

a mental condition that happens when the brain is damaged by disease or injury, causing memory loss and impairing the ability to think or make decisions

Ex: His grandmother was diagnosed with dementia and had trouble remembering simple tasks. 
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generalized anxiety disorder

a chronic condition marked by excessive and persistent worry about various aspects of life, often without a specific cause

Ex: Sarah's generalized anxiety disorder manifests as constant worry and fear, impacting her daily life. 
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mania
mania
[noun]

mental condition that causes extreme and unusual changes in one's energy level, mood, or emotions

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munchausen syndrome

a disorder where individuals feign or induce symptoms to garner attention or sympathy, often leading to unnecessary medical interventions

Ex: Munchausen syndrome involves a pattern of seeking medical attention through deceptive means, such as faking illnesses. 
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schizoid
schizoid
[noun]

a personality disorder marked by emotional detachment and a preference for solitude

Ex: reg's difficulty expressing emotions is a manifestation of schizoid. 
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amnesia
amnesia
[noun]

a severe medical condition that leads to partial or complete loss of memory

Ex: After the car accident she experienced temporary amnesia and could not remember the afternoon before the crash. 
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senile dementia

a severe condition that mainly affects older people's minds and causes memory loss, involuntary movements, etc.

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Asperger's syndrome

a form of autism characterized by social difficulties, repetitive behaviors, and focused interests, often with average to above-average intelligence

Ex: Mark, diagnosed with Asperger's syndrome, excels in academics but struggles with social cues. 
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bigorexia
bigorexia
[noun]

a disorder where individuals become excessively obsessed with building muscle mass and have a distorted perception of their own body image, leading to compulsive exercise behaviors

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body dysmorphic disorder

a psychological disorder that causes a person to spend a lot of time thinking obsessively about the imaginary imperfections in their appearance

Ex: Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a mental health condition where individuals obsess over perceived flaws in their appearance, which are often unnoticeable to others. 
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