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健康と病気 - 精神疾患と問題

ここでは「不安」「統合失調症」「トラウマ」などの精神疾患や問題に関する英単語を学びます。

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Words Related to Health and Sickness
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

a condition, experienced mostly by children, making them seem restless, unable to keep focus, and act impulsively

注意欠陥多動性障害

注意欠陥多動性障害

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[名詞]
anorexia nervosa

an eating disorder, particularly in women, marked by body image disturbance and obsessive fear of becoming fat, which leads to dangerous weight loss

神経性無食欲症

神経性無食欲症

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[名詞]
anxiety

(psychiatry) a mental disorder of constant nervousness and worry, in which one expects something bad to happen with no valid reason

不安

不安

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[名詞]
battle fatigue

a post-traumatic stress disorder resulting from prolonged exposure to active warfare

戦闘疲労

戦闘疲労

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[名詞]
bipolar disorder

a chronic mental health condition marked by episodes of mania and depression

双極性障害

双極性障害

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[名詞]
borderline personality disorder

a mental illness that causes a person to act impulsively, to experience severe shifts in mood, and to be unable to form interpersonal relationships

境界性人格障害

境界性人格障害

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[名詞]
breakdown

a condition in which a person becomes so anxious or depressed that they can no longer handle their everyday life

精神崩壊

精神崩壊

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[名詞]
bulimia

a mental illness which causes a person to eat too much and then forces themselves to vomit to maintain their weight

過食症

過食症

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[名詞]
exhibitionism

compulsive display of one's genitals for the purpose of sexual gratification

露出症

露出症

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[名詞]
gender dysphoria

the condition in which a person is overwhelmed by distress or impairment due to a mismatch between their biological sex and their gender identity

性同一性障害

性同一性障害

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[名詞]
hyperactivity

a state where a person is unusually active, is unable to stay focused or quiet for long, experienced mostly by children

多動

多動

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[名詞]
hypochondria

a mental condition in which a person is constantly anxious and worried about their health

憂欝症

憂欝症

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[名詞]
kleptomania

a mental condition in which one is obsessed with stealing things without any financial motive

盗癖

盗癖

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[名詞]
manic depression

a chronic mental disorder marked by excessive mood swings ranging from depressive lows to crazed highs

躁うつ病

躁うつ病

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[名詞]
megalomania

a mental condition in which a person believes themselves to be more powerful and important than they actually are

誇大妄想

誇大妄想

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[名詞]
melancholia

a severe mental condition in which the patient suffers from depression often without any apparent reason

メランコリア

メランコリア

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[名詞]
catatonia

a mental condition usually associated with schizophrenia in which the patient does not move for long time spans

緊張症

緊張症

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[名詞]
depression

a state characterized by constant feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a lack of enegry or interest in activities

鬱病

鬱病

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[名詞]
psychopathy

a serious mental disorder associated with antisocial behavior, irresponsibility, and absence of empathy

精神病質

精神病質

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[名詞]
psychosis

a severe mental condition in which the patient loses contact with external reality

精神病

精神病

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[名詞]
psychosomatic disorder

a psychological condition characterized by physical symptoms that derive from mental or emotional causes, often without any medical explanation

心身症

心身症

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[名詞]
pyromania

a mental condition in which one is obsessed with setting things on fire

放火狂

放火狂

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[名詞]
schizophrenia

a chronic mental disorder in which a person's ability to think, feel or behave is affected, often associated with the distortion of reality

精神分裂症

精神分裂症

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[名詞]
‌seasonal affective disorder

a medical condition in which one is depressed in fall and winter, particularly due to lack of sunlight

季節性情動障害

季節性情動障害

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[名詞]
sociopathic personality

an antisocial personality disorder characterized by lack of sympathy and moral responsibility

反社会的性格

反社会的性格

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[名詞]
inferiority complex

an unrealistic feeling of general inadequacy that causes one to believe they are not as competent, smart, or attractive as other people

劣弱意識

劣弱意識

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[名詞]
instability

tendency to unpredictable changes of mood or to behave erratically

不安定

不安定

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[名詞]
delirium

a state of intense, uncontrolled enthusiasm or excitement that makes one say or do crazy things

譫妄

譫妄

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[名詞]
complex

a group of partly or completely repressed emotions or impulses that affect a person's behavior and patterns of thought

複合

複合

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[名詞]
mental disorder

a severe health condition associated with depression, emotional disturbances, and abnormal behaviors that causes significant distress or impairment of personal functioning

精神障害

精神障害

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[名詞]
monomania

an excessive and unhealthy obsession with a singular subject or idea to an extent that it becomes overwhelming and harmful

偏狂

偏狂

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[名詞]
nervous breakdown

a period of overwhelming mental or emotional distress that occurs suddenly

神経衰弱

神経衰弱

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[名詞]
neurosis

a mental condition that is not caused by organic disease in which one is constantly anxious, worried, and stressed

神経症

神経症

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[名詞]
obsessive-compulsive disorder

a disorder causing a person to have recurring unwanted thoughts or to do something such as cleaning or checking on something over and over

強迫性障害

強迫性障害

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[名詞]
orthorexia nervosa

an eating disorder characterized by refraining from eating food that is considered unhealthy at all cost

神経性オルトレキシア

神経性オルトレキシア

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[名詞]
paranoia

a mental disorder that causes a person to think they are very important or that others are trying to harm them

パラノイア

パラノイア

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[名詞]
persecution complex

a mental condition in which a person constantly thinks others are trying to hurt them

被害妄想

被害妄想

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[名詞]
personality disorder

any mental illness characterized by different patterns of social behavior, inability to form healthy interpersonal relationships and to function normally in society

人格障害

人格障害

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[名詞]
postpartum depression

a mental condition in which a woman is depressed and anxious for a period of time after giving birth to a child

産後うつ病

産後うつ病

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[名詞]
post-traumatic stress disorder

a disorder that is formed in a person who has experienced a very shocking or frightening event, causing them to have nightmares or flashbacks from the event

心的外傷後ストレス障害

心的外傷後ストレス障害

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[名詞]
trauma

a medical condition of the mind caused by extreme shock, which could last for a very long time

精神的ショック

精神的ショック

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[名詞]
shell shock

a type of stress-related disorder affecting some soldiers who have served in wars

砲弾ショック

砲弾ショック

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[名詞]
eating disorder

a mental condition that causes a person to eat too much or too little

[名詞]
egomania

a mental condition in which one is abnormally self-centered and self-interested

エゴマニア

エゴマニア

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[名詞]
delusion

(psychology) a mental condition in which a person has a false belief system that is contradicted by evidence

妄想

妄想

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[名詞]
dementia

a mental condition that happens when the brain is damaged by disease or injury, causing memory loss and impairing the ability to think or make decisions

痴呆

痴呆

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[名詞]
generalized anxiety disorder

a chronic condition marked by excessive and persistent worry about various aspects of life, often without a specific cause

全般性不安障害

全般性不安障害

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[名詞]
mania

mental condition that causes extreme and unusual changes in one's energy level, mood, or emotions

マニア

マニア

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[名詞]
munchausen syndrome

a disorder where individuals feign or induce symptoms to garner attention or sympathy, often leading to unnecessary medical interventions

ミュンヒハウゼン症候群

ミュンヒハウゼン症候群

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[名詞]
schizoid

a personality disorder marked by emotional detachment and a preference for solitude

統合失調症

統合失調症

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[名詞]
amnesia

a severe medical condition that leads to partial or complete loss of memory

健忘症

健忘症

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[名詞]
senile dementia

a severe condition that mainly affects older people's minds and causes memory loss, involuntary movements, etc.

老年性認知症

老年性認知症

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[名詞]
Asperger's syndrome

a form of autism characterized by social difficulties, repetitive behaviors, and focused interests, often with average to above-average intelligence

アスペルガー症候群

アスペルガー症候群

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[名詞]
bigorexia

a disorder where individuals become excessively obsessed with building muscle mass and have a distorted perception of their own body image, leading to compulsive exercise behaviors

偏屈症

偏屈症

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[名詞]
body dysmorphic disorder

a psychological disorder that causes a person to spend a lot of time thinking obsessively about the imaginary imperfections in their appearance

自分の外見上の欠点に対する強迫的な関心

自分の外見上の欠点に対する強迫的な関心

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[名詞]
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