Salud y Enfermedad - Enfermedades y Problemas Mentales
Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés relacionadas con enfermedades y problemas mentales como "ansiedad", "esquizofrenia" y "trauma".
Revisión
Tarjetas de memoria
Ortografía
Cuestionario
a condition, experienced mostly by children, making them seem restless, unable to keep focus, and act impulsively
TDAH
an eating disorder, particularly in women, marked by body image disturbance and obsessive fear of becoming fat, which leads to dangerous weight loss
anorexia nerviosa
(psychiatry) a mental disorder of constant nervousness and worry, in which one expects something bad to happen with no valid reason
ansiedad
Los síntomas físicos de la ansiedad incluyen latidos cardíacos rápidos y sudoración.
a post-traumatic stress disorder resulting from prolonged exposure to active warfare
fatiga de combate
a chronic mental health condition marked by episodes of mania and depression
trastorno bipolar
El tratamiento del trastorno bipolar generalmente implica una combinación de medicamentos, como estabilizadores del estado de ánimo y antidepresivos, y psicoterapia para ayudar a controlar los síntomas y prevenir recaídas.
a mental illness that causes a person to act impulsively, to experience severe shifts in mood, and to be unable to form interpersonal relationships
trastorno límite de la personalidad
El tratamiento para el trastorno límite de la personalidad a menudo implica una combinación de psicoterapia, como la terapia dialéctica conductual (TDC), y medicamentos para ayudar a controlar los síntomas.
a condition in which a person becomes so anxious or depressed that they can no longer handle their everyday life
crisis nerviosa
La presión financiera de las deudas crecientes llevó a un colapso psicológico para la familia.
a mental illness which causes a person to eat too much and then forces themselves to vomit to maintain their weight
bulimia
compulsive display of one's genitals for the purpose of sexual gratification
exhibicionismo
the condition in which a person is overwhelmed by distress or impairment due to a mismatch between their biological sex and their gender identity
disforia de género
a state where a person is unusually active, is unable to stay focused or quiet for long, experienced mostly by children
hiperactividad
a mental condition in which a person is constantly anxious and worried about their health
hipocondría
El tratamiento para la hipocondría generalmente implica terapia cognitivo-conductual (TCC) para ayudar a las personas a desafiar y cambiar sus creencias distorsionadas sobre la salud y la enfermedad.
a mental condition in which one is obsessed with stealing things without any financial motive
cleptomanía
El tratamiento para la cleptomanía a menudo implica psicoterapia, como la terapia cognitivo-conductual (TCC), para ayudar a las personas a comprender y manejar los impulsos y desencadenantes subyacentes del robo.
a chronic mental disorder marked by excessive mood swings ranging from depressive lows to crazed highs
enfermedad maníaco-depresiva
a psychological condition or personality trait characterized by an inflated sense of power, importance, or self-worth
megalomanía
La megalomanía del CEO llevó a la empresa a una expansión imprudente.
a severe mental condition in which the patient suffers from depression often without any apparent reason
melancolía
a mental condition usually associated with schizophrenia in which the patient does not move for long time spans
catatonia
a state characterized by constant feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a lack of enegry or interest in activities
depresión
Muchas personas experimentan depresión durante los grandes cambios de vida.
a serious mental disorder associated with antisocial behavior, irresponsibility, and absence of empathy
psicopatía
a severe mental condition in which the patient loses contact with external reality
psicosis
El tratamiento de la psicosis generalmente implica una combinación de medicamentos antipsicóticos y psicoterapia para ayudar a controlar los síntomas y mejorar el funcionamiento.
a psychological condition characterized by physical symptoms that derive from mental or emotional causes, often without any medical explanation
trastorno psicosomático
El tratamiento de los trastornos psicosomáticos a menudo implica abordar los factores estresantes psicológicos subyacentes a través de terapia, técnicas de relajación y estrategias de manejo del estrés.
a mental condition in which one is obsessed with setting things on fire
piromanía
a chronic mental disorder in which a person's ability to think, feel or behave is affected, often associated with the distortion of reality
esquizofrenia
a medical condition in which one is depressed in fall and winter, particularly due to lack of sunlight
trastorno afectivo estacional
an antisocial personality disorder characterized by lack of sympathy and moral responsibility
personalidad sociópata
an unrealistic feeling of general inadequacy that causes one to believe they are not as competent, smart, or attractive as other people
complejo de inferioridad
tendency to unpredictable changes of mood or to behave erratically
inestabilidad
a state of intense, uncontrolled enthusiasm or excitement that makes one say or do crazy things
delirio, desvarío
Actuó con un abandono imprudente, atrapado en el delirio de ganar la lotería.
a group of partly or completely repressed emotions or impulses that affect a person's behavior and patterns of thought
complejo
Un complejo de inferioridad profundamente arraigado lo hizo alejarse de los roles de liderazgo.
a severe health condition associated with depression, emotional disturbances, and abnormal behaviors that causes significant distress or impairment of personal functioning
enfermedad mental
an excessive and unhealthy obsession with a singular subject or idea to an extent that it becomes overwhelming and harmful
monomanía
El novelista, conocido por sus profundas inmersiones en los temas, a veces era criticado por su aparente monomanía sobre temas específicos.
a period of overwhelming mental or emotional distress that occurs suddenly
crisis nerviosa
a mental condition that is not caused by organic disease in which one is constantly anxious, worried, and stressed
neurosis
La terapia cognitivo-conductual (TCC) es un tratamiento común para la neurosis, que ayuda a las personas a reformular patrones de pensamiento negativos y reducir la ansiedad.
a disorder causing a person to have recurring unwanted thoughts or to do something such as cleaning or checking on something over and over
TOC
La terapia cognitivo-conductual (TCC), particularmente la prevención de exposición y respuesta (ERP), es un tratamiento efectivo para el trastorno obsesivo-compulsivo, que ayuda a los pacientes a enfrentar sus miedos y reducir los comportamientos compulsivos.
an eating disorder characterized by refraining from eating food that is considered unhealthy at all cost
ortorexia, ortorexia nerviosa
an unreasonable and persistent fear that others want to harm you
paranoia
Su paranoia lo hacía sospechar de sus amigos.
a mental condition in which a person constantly thinks others are trying to hurt them
delirio de persecución
any mental illness characterized by different patterns of social behavior, inability to form healthy interpersonal relationships and to function normally in society
trastorno de personalidad
a mental health condition causing sadness, anxiety, or low mood after a woman gives birth
depresión posparto
La depresión posparto afecta a muchas nuevas madres.
a disorder that is formed in a person who has experienced a very shocking or frightening event, causing them to have nightmares or flashbacks from the event
TEPT
La terapia cognitivo-conductual (TCC) y la desensibilización y reprocesamiento por movimientos oculares (EMDR) son tratamientos efectivos para el trastorno de estrés postraumático, ayudando a las personas a procesar y afrontar su trauma.
a medical condition of the mind caused by extreme shock, which could last for a very long time
trauma
El trauma infantil puede tener efectos duraderos en el bienestar mental y emocional de una persona.
a type of stress-related disorder affecting some soldiers who have served in wars
neurosis de guerra
a mental condition that causes a person to eat too much or too little
desorden alimentario
a mental condition in which one is abnormally self-centered and self-interested
egomanía
(psychology) a mental condition in which a person has a false belief system that is contradicted by evidence
delirio
a mental condition that happens when the brain is damaged by disease or injury, causing memory loss and impairing the ability to think or make decisions
demencia
El médico explicó que la demencia puede afectar tanto la memoria a corto como a largo plazo.
a chronic condition marked by excessive and persistent worry about various aspects of life, often without a specific cause
trastorno de ansiedad generalizada
La naturaleza persistente del trastorno de ansiedad generalizada puede provocar fatiga y dificultad para concentrarse.
mental condition that causes extreme and unusual changes in one's energy level, mood, or emotions
manía
a disorder where individuals feign or induce symptoms to garner attention or sympathy, often leading to unnecessary medical interventions
síndrome de Münchhausen, trastorno facticio
Las personas con síndrome de Munchausen pueden someterse a procedimientos médicos innecesarios para mantener un papel de enfermo.
a personality disorder marked by emotional detachment and a preference for solitude
esquizoide, personalidad esquizoide
En terapia, Tom, lidiando con el esquizoide, está trabajando en mejorar sus habilidades sociales y conexiones.
a severe medical condition that leads to partial or complete loss of memory
amnesia
Los casos de amnesia disociativa pueden seguir a un trauma emocional extremo y a veces resolverse con psicoterapia.
a severe condition that mainly affects older people's minds and causes memory loss, involuntary movements, etc.
demencia senil
a form of autism characterized by social difficulties, repetitive behaviors, and focused interests, often with average to above-average intelligence
síndrome de Asperger, autismo de alto funcionamiento
El síndrome de Asperger a menudo coexiste con otras afecciones, como el trastorno por déficit de atención/hiperactividad (TDAH).
a disorder where individuals become excessively obsessed with building muscle mass and have a distorted perception of their own body image, leading to compulsive exercise behaviors
vigorexia, dismorfia muscular
a psychological disorder that causes a person to spend a lot of time thinking obsessively about the imaginary imperfections in their appearance
TDC
La terapia cognitivo-conductual (TCC) se utiliza comúnmente para tratar el trastorno dismórfico corporal, ayudando a las personas a desafiar creencias distorsionadas sobre su apariencia y reducir comportamientos compulsivos.
