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Salud y Enfermedad - Enfermedades y problemas mentales

Aquí aprenderá algunas palabras en inglés relacionadas con enfermedades y problemas mentales como "ansiedad", "esquizofrenia" y "trauma".

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Words Related to Health and Sickness

a condition, experienced mostly by children, making them seem restless, unable to keep focus, and act impulsively

TDAH

TDAH

anorexia nervosa
[Sustantivo]

an eating disorder, particularly in women, marked by body image disturbance and obsessive fear of becoming fat, which leads to dangerous weight loss

anorexia nerviosa

anorexia nerviosa

anxiety
[Sustantivo]

(psychiatry) a mental disorder of constant nervousness and worry, in which one expects something bad to happen with no valid reason

ansiedad

ansiedad

battle fatigue
[Sustantivo]

a post-traumatic stress disorder resulting from prolonged exposure to active warfare

fatiga de combate

fatiga de combate

bipolar disorder
[Sustantivo]

a chronic mental health condition marked by episodes of mania and depression

trastorno bipolar

trastorno bipolar

Ex: Support from friends , family , and mental health professionals is essential for individuals bipolar disorder to effectively manage their condition and improve their quality of life .

a mental illness that causes a person to act impulsively, to experience severe shifts in mood, and to be unable to form interpersonal relationships

trastorno límite de la personalidad

trastorno límite de la personalidad

Ex: With appropriate therapy and support , individuals borderline personality disorder can learn to manage their symptoms and improve their overall quality of life .
breakdown
[Sustantivo]

a condition in which a person becomes so anxious or depressed that they can no longer handle their everyday life

crisis nerviosa

crisis nerviosa

Ex: The intense academic pressure during finals week caused several students to breakdowns.
bulimia
[Sustantivo]

a mental illness which causes a person to eat too much and then forces themselves to vomit to maintain their weight

bulimia

bulimia

exhibitionism
[Sustantivo]

compulsive display of one's genitals for the purpose of sexual gratification

exhibicionismo

exhibicionismo

gender dysphoria
[Sustantivo]

the condition in which a person is overwhelmed by distress or impairment due to a mismatch between their biological sex and their gender identity

disforia de género

disforia de género

hyperactivity
[Sustantivo]

a state where a person is unusually active, is unable to stay focused or quiet for long, experienced mostly by children

hiperactividad

hiperactividad

hypochondria
[Sustantivo]

a mental condition in which a person is constantly anxious and worried about their health

hipocondría

hipocondría

Ex: Support from mental health professionals , as well as education about the nature hypochondria and its treatment options , can help individuals with this condition manage their symptoms and improve their quality of life .
kleptomania
[Sustantivo]

a mental condition in which one is obsessed with stealing things without any financial motive

cleptomanía

cleptomanía

Ex: Support from mental health professionals and support groups can be valuable for individuals kleptomania in learning coping strategies and preventing relapse into stealing behaviors .
manic depression
[Sustantivo]

a chronic mental disorder marked by excessive mood swings ranging from depressive lows to crazed highs

enfermedad maníaco-depresiva

enfermedad maníaco-depresiva

megalomania
[Sustantivo]

a mental condition in which a person believes themselves to be more powerful and important than they actually are

megalomanía

megalomanía

melancholia
[Sustantivo]

a severe mental condition in which the patient suffers from depression often without any apparent reason

melancolía

melancolía

catatonia
[Sustantivo]

a mental condition usually associated with schizophrenia in which the patient does not move for long time spans

catatonia

catatonia

depression
[Sustantivo]

a state characterized by constant feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a lack of enegry or interest in activities

depresión

depresión

Ex: He spoke openly about his struggles depression, hoping to help others .
psychopathy
[Sustantivo]

a serious mental disorder associated with antisocial behavior, irresponsibility, and absence of empathy

psicopatía

psicopatía

psychosis
[Sustantivo]

a severe mental condition in which the patient loses contact with external reality

psicosis

psicosis

Ex: Psychosis can be a symptom of various mental health disorders , including schizophrenia , bipolar disorder , and severe depression .

a psychological condition characterized by physical symptoms that derive from mental or emotional causes, often without any medical explanation

trastorno psicosomático

trastorno psicosomático

Ex: Understanding the connection between psychological factors and physical symptoms is crucial for effectively psychosomatic disorders and improving overall well-being .
pyromania
[Sustantivo]

a mental condition in which one is obsessed with setting things on fire

piromanía

piromanía

schizophrenia
[Sustantivo]

a chronic mental disorder in which a person's ability to think, feel or behave is affected, often associated with the distortion of reality

esquizofrenia

esquizofrenia

a medical condition in which one is depressed in fall and winter, particularly due to lack of sunlight

trastorno afectivo estacional

trastorno afectivo estacional

an antisocial personality disorder characterized by lack of sympathy and moral responsibility

personalidad sociópata

personalidad sociópata

an unrealistic feeling of general inadequacy that causes one to believe they are not as competent, smart, or attractive as other people

complejo de inferioridad

complejo de inferioridad

instability
[Sustantivo]

tendency to unpredictable changes of mood or to behave erratically

inestabilidad

inestabilidad

delirium
[Sustantivo]

a state of intense, uncontrolled enthusiasm or excitement that makes one say or do crazy things

delirio, desvarío

delirio, desvarío

Ex: The sports arena was a scene delirium as the final whistle blew .
complex
[Sustantivo]

a group of partly or completely repressed emotions or impulses that affect a person's behavior and patterns of thought

complejo

complejo

Ex: She struggled with complex that caused her to avoid confrontation .
mental disorder
[Sustantivo]

a severe health condition associated with depression, emotional disturbances, and abnormal behaviors that causes significant distress or impairment of personal functioning

enfermedad mental

enfermedad mental

monomania
[Sustantivo]

an excessive and unhealthy obsession with a singular subject or idea to an extent that it becomes overwhelming and harmful

monomanía

monomanía

Ex: The novelist , known for his deep dives into subjects , was sometimes criticized for his monomania on specific themes .
nervous breakdown
[Sustantivo]

a period of overwhelming mental or emotional distress that occurs suddenly

crisis nerviosa

crisis nerviosa

neurosis
[Sustantivo]

a mental condition that is not caused by organic disease in which one is constantly anxious, worried, and stressed

neurosis

neurosis

Ex: Symptoms neurosis can include persistent feelings of sadness , irritability , and fear , often without a clear or rational cause .

a disorder causing a person to have recurring unwanted thoughts or to do something such as cleaning or checking on something over and over

TOC

TOC

Ex: Medications such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors ( SSRIs ) can help manage symptoms obsessive-compulsive disorder by altering brain chemistry to reduce obsessive thoughts and compulsions .
orthorexia nervosa
[Sustantivo]

an eating disorder characterized by refraining from eating food that is considered unhealthy at all cost

ortorexia, ortorexia nerviosa

ortorexia, ortorexia nerviosa

paranoia
[Sustantivo]

a mental disorder that causes a person to think they are very important or that others are trying to harm them

paranoia

paranoia

a mental condition in which a person constantly thinks others are trying to hurt them

delirio de persecución

delirio de persecución

any mental illness characterized by different patterns of social behavior, inability to form healthy interpersonal relationships and to function normally in society

trastorno de personalidad

trastorno de personalidad

a mental condition in which a woman is depressed and anxious for a period of time after giving birth to a child

depresión posparto

depresión posparto

a disorder that is formed in a person who has experienced a very shocking or frightening event, causing them to have nightmares or flashbacks from the event

TEPT

TEPT

Ex: Early intervention and support are crucial for individuals post-traumatic stress disorder, as timely treatment can significantly improve outcomes and quality of life .
trauma
[Sustantivo]

a medical condition of the mind caused by extreme shock, which could last for a very long time

trauma

trauma

Ex: Witnessing a natural disaster can leave survivors with trauma and fear .
shell shock
[Sustantivo]

a type of stress-related disorder affecting some soldiers who have served in wars

neurosis de guerra

neurosis de guerra

eating disorder
[Sustantivo]

a mental condition that causes a person to eat too much or too little

desorden alimentario

desorden alimentario

egomania
[Sustantivo]

a mental condition in which one is abnormally self-centered and self-interested

egomanía

egomanía

delusion
[Sustantivo]

(psychology) a mental condition in which a person has a false belief system that is contradicted by evidence

delirio

delirio

dementia
[Sustantivo]

a mental condition that happens when the brain is damaged by disease or injury, causing memory loss and impairing the ability to think or make decisions

demencia

demencia

Ex: Alzheimer 's disease is a common form dementia.

a chronic condition marked by excessive and persistent worry about various aspects of life, often without a specific cause

trastorno de ansiedad generalizada, trastorno de ansiedad crónica

trastorno de ansiedad generalizada, trastorno de ansiedad crónica

Ex: The persistent nature generalized anxiety disorder can lead to fatigue and difficulty concentrating .
mania
[Sustantivo]

mental condition that causes extreme and unusual changes in one's energy level, mood, or emotions

manía

manía

a disorder where individuals feign or induce symptoms to garner attention or sympathy, often leading to unnecessary medical interventions

síndrome de Munchausen, síndrome de Münchhausen

síndrome de Munchausen, síndrome de Münchhausen

Ex: Treatment Munchausen syndrome may involve psychotherapy to address underlying psychological issues .
schizoid
[Sustantivo]

a personality disorder marked by emotional detachment and a preference for solitude

esquizoide, individuo esquizoide

esquizoide, individuo esquizoide

Ex: Laura 's independence and preference for solitude align with the features schizoid.
amnesia
[Sustantivo]

a severe medical condition that leads to partial or complete loss of memory

amnesia

amnesia

senile dementia
[Sustantivo]

a severe condition that mainly affects older people's minds and causes memory loss, involuntary movements, etc.

demencia senil

demencia senil

a form of autism characterized by social difficulties, repetitive behaviors, and focused interests, often with average to above-average intelligence

síndrome de Asperger, trastorno de Asperger

síndrome de Asperger, trastorno de Asperger

Ex: John's straightforward communication style is influenced by his Asperger's syndrome.
bigorexia
[Sustantivo]

a disorder where individuals become excessively obsessed with building muscle mass and have a distorted perception of their own body image, leading to compulsive exercise behaviors

bigorexia, musculación obsesiva

bigorexia, musculación obsesiva

a psychological disorder that causes a person to spend a lot of time thinking obsessively about the imaginary imperfections in their appearance

TDC

TDC

Ex: Early diagnosis and treatment body dysmorphic disorder are essential to prevent the condition from severely impacting an individual 's quality of life and mental health .
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