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Zdrowie i Choroba - Choroby i Problemy Psychiczne

Tutaj nauczysz się niektórych angielskich słów związanych z chorobami psychicznymi i problemami, takimi jak "lęk", "schizofrenia" i "trauma".

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Words Related to Health and Sickness
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

a condition, experienced mostly by children, making them seem restless, unable to keep focus, and act impulsively

zespół nadpobudliwości psychoruchowej z deficytem uwagi, ADHD

zespół nadpobudliwości psychoruchowej z deficytem uwagi, ADHD

anorexia nervosa
anorexia nervosa
[Rzeczownik]

an eating disorder, particularly in women, marked by body image disturbance and obsessive fear of becoming fat, which leads to dangerous weight loss

anoreksja nervowa, jadłowstręt psychiczny

anoreksja nervowa, jadłowstręt psychiczny

anxiety
anxiety
[Rzeczownik]

(psychiatry) a mental disorder of constant nervousness and worry, in which one expects something bad to happen with no valid reason

lęk, zaburzenie lękowe

lęk, zaburzenie lękowe

Ex: Generalized anxiety disorder involves chronic worry about everyday situations. 
battle fatigue
battle fatigue
[Rzeczownik]

a post-traumatic stress disorder resulting from prolonged exposure to active warfare

zmęczenie bojem, zespół stresu pourazowego

zmęczenie bojem, zespół stresu pourazowego

bipolar disorder
bipolar disorder
[Rzeczownik]

a chronic mental health condition marked by episodes of mania and depression

zaburzenie afektywne dwubiegunowe, choroba afektywna dwubiegunowa

zaburzenie afektywne dwubiegunowe, choroba afektywna dwubiegunowa

Ex: Bipolar disorder is a mental health condition characterized by extreme mood swings that include periods of mania (elevated mood) and depression (low mood). 
borderline personality disorder

a mental illness that causes a person to act impulsively, to experience severe shifts in mood, and to be unable to form interpersonal relationships

zaburzenie osobowości z pogranicza, borderline zaburzenie osobowości

zaburzenie osobowości z pogranicza, borderline zaburzenie osobowości

Ex: Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a mental health condition characterized by intense and unstable relationships, emotions, and self-image. 
breakdown
breakdown
[Rzeczownik]

a condition in which a person becomes so anxious or depressed that they can no longer handle their everyday life

załamanie nerwowe, nerwowe załamanie

załamanie nerwowe, nerwowe załamanie

Ex: After months of stress at work, he experienced a nervous breakdown and had to take a leave of absence. 
bulimia
bulimia
[Rzeczownik]

a mental illness which causes a person to eat too much and then forces themselves to vomit to maintain their weight

bulimia, żarłoczność psychiczna

bulimia, żarłoczność psychiczna

exhibitionism
exhibitionism
[Rzeczownik]

compulsive display of one's genitals for the purpose of sexual gratification

ekshibicjonizm, pokazywanie się seksualne

ekshibicjonizm, pokazywanie się seksualne

gender dysphoria
gender dysphoria
[Rzeczownik]

the condition in which a person is overwhelmed by distress or impairment due to a mismatch between their biological sex and their gender identity

dysforia płciowa, dysforia seksualna

dysforia płciowa, dysforia seksualna

hyperactivity
hyperactivity
[Rzeczownik]

a state where a person is unusually active, is unable to stay focused or quiet for long, experienced mostly by children

nadpobudliwość, hiperaktywność

nadpobudliwość, hiperaktywność

hypochondria
hypochondria
[Rzeczownik]

a mental condition in which a person is constantly anxious and worried about their health

hipochondria, lęk o zdrowie

hipochondria, lęk o zdrowie

Ex: Hypochondria, also known as illness anxiety disorder, is a mental health condition characterized by excessive worry and fear about having a serious medical illness, despite no or minimal evidence of actual illness. 
kleptomania
kleptomania
[Rzeczownik]

a mental condition in which one is obsessed with stealing things without any financial motive

kleptomania, złodziejski nałóg

kleptomania, złodziejski nałóg

Ex: Kleptomania is a mental health disorder characterized by a recurrent urge to steal items that are not needed for personal use or monetary gain. 
manic depression
manic depression
[Rzeczownik]

a chronic mental disorder marked by excessive mood swings ranging from depressive lows to crazed highs

zaburzenie dwubiegunowe, depresja maniakalna

zaburzenie dwubiegunowe, depresja maniakalna

megalomania
megalomania
[Rzeczownik]

a psychological condition or personality trait characterized by an inflated sense of power, importance, or self-worth

megalomania, mania wielkości

megalomania, mania wielkości

Ex: The dictator's megalomania led him to believe he was destined to rule the world. 
melancholia
melancholia
[Rzeczownik]

a severe mental condition in which the patient suffers from depression often without any apparent reason

melancholia

melancholia

catatonia
catatonia
[Rzeczownik]

a mental condition usually associated with schizophrenia in which the patient does not move for long time spans

katatonia, stan katatoniczny

katatonia, stan katatoniczny

depression
depression
[Rzeczownik]

a state characterized by constant feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a lack of enegry or interest in activities

depresja, melancholia

depresja, melancholia

Ex: After the breakup, he fell into a deep depression. 
psychopathy
psychopathy
[Rzeczownik]

a serious mental disorder associated with antisocial behavior, irresponsibility, and absence of empathy

psychopatia, zaburzenie psychopatyczne

psychopatia, zaburzenie psychopatyczne

psychosis
psychosis
[Rzeczownik]

a severe mental condition in which the patient loses contact with external reality

psychoza, stan psychotyczny

psychoza, stan psychotyczny

Ex: Psychosis is a mental health condition characterized by a loss of contact with reality, often manifesting as hallucinations or delusions. 
psychosomatic disorder

a psychological condition characterized by physical symptoms that derive from mental or emotional causes, often without any medical explanation

zaburzenie psychosomatyczne, choroba psychosomatyczna

zaburzenie psychosomatyczne, choroba psychosomatyczna

Ex: A psychosomatic disorder is a condition in which physical symptoms are caused or aggravated by psychological factors, such as stress, anxiety, or emotional distress. 
pyromania
pyromania
[Rzeczownik]

a mental condition in which one is obsessed with setting things on fire

piromania, obsesja podpalania

piromania, obsesja podpalania

schizophrenia
schizophrenia
[Rzeczownik]

a chronic mental disorder in which a person's ability to think, feel or behave is affected, often associated with the distortion of reality

schizofrenia

schizofrenia

‌seasonal affective disorder

a medical condition in which one is depressed in fall and winter, particularly due to lack of sunlight

sezonowe zaburzenie afektywne, depresja sezonowa

sezonowe zaburzenie afektywne, depresja sezonowa

sociopathic personality

an antisocial personality disorder characterized by lack of sympathy and moral responsibility

osobowość socjopatyczna, antysocjalne zaburzenie osobowości

osobowość socjopatyczna, antysocjalne zaburzenie osobowości

inferiority complex

an unrealistic feeling of general inadequacy that causes one to believe they are not as competent, smart, or attractive as other people

kompleks niższości, poczucie niższości

kompleks niższości, poczucie niższości

instability
instability
[Rzeczownik]

tendency to unpredictable changes of mood or to behave erratically

niestabilność

niestabilność

delirium
delirium
[Rzeczownik]

a state of intense, uncontrolled enthusiasm or excitement that makes one say or do crazy things

delirium, uniesienie

delirium, uniesienie

Ex: Her delirium over the concert's surprise guest led to spontaneous dancing. 
complex
complex
[Rzeczownik]

a group of partly or completely repressed emotions or impulses that affect a person's behavior and patterns of thought

kompleks, zbiór stłumionych emocji

kompleks, zbiór stłumionych emocji

Ex: His fear of failure was linked to a complex developed in childhood. 
mental disorder
mental disorder
[Rzeczownik]

a severe health condition associated with depression, emotional disturbances, and abnormal behaviors that causes significant distress or impairment of personal functioning

zaburzenie psychiczne, choroba psychiczna

zaburzenie psychiczne, choroba psychiczna

monomania
monomania
[Rzeczownik]

an excessive and unhealthy obsession with a singular subject or idea to an extent that it becomes overwhelming and harmful

monomania, nadmierna obsesja

monomania, nadmierna obsesja

Ex: His friends grew concerned when his love for vintage cars evolved into a clear monomania, causing him to neglect other aspects of his life. 
nervous breakdown
nervous breakdown
[Rzeczownik]

a period of overwhelming mental or emotional distress that occurs suddenly

załamanie nerwowe, kryzys nerwowy

załamanie nerwowe, kryzys nerwowy

neurosis
neurosis
[Rzeczownik]

a mental condition that is not caused by organic disease in which one is constantly anxious, worried, and stressed

nerwica, zaburzenie nerwicowe

nerwica, zaburzenie nerwicowe

Ex: Neurosis often manifests as chronic anxiety, obsessive behaviors, or phobias that interfere with daily functioning. 
obsessive-compulsive disorder

a disorder causing a person to have recurring unwanted thoughts or to do something such as cleaning or checking on something over and over

zaburzenie obsesyjno-kompulsyjne, OCD

zaburzenie obsesyjno-kompulsyjne, OCD

Ex: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by persistent, unwanted thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors (compulsions) performed to alleviate anxiety. 
orthorexia nervosa
orthorexia nervosa
[Rzeczownik]

an eating disorder characterized by refraining from eating food that is considered unhealthy at all cost

ortoreksja nervosa, obsesja na punkcie zdrowego odżywiania

ortoreksja nervosa, obsesja na punkcie zdrowego odżywiania

paranoia
paranoia
[Rzeczownik]

an unreasonable and persistent fear that others want to harm you

paranoja, chorobliwa podejrzliwość

paranoja, chorobliwa podejrzliwość

Ex: He suffered from paranoia and trusted no one. 
persecution complex

a mental condition in which a person constantly thinks others are trying to hurt them

kompleks prześladowczy, urojenia prześladowcze

kompleks prześladowczy, urojenia prześladowcze

personality disorder

any mental illness characterized by different patterns of social behavior, inability to form healthy interpersonal relationships and to function normally in society

zaburzenie osobowości, zaburzenie charakteru

zaburzenie osobowości, zaburzenie charakteru

postpartum depression

a mental health condition causing sadness, anxiety, or low mood after a woman gives birth

depresja poporodowa, depresja postnatalna

depresja poporodowa, depresja postnatalna

Ex: She sought help for postpartum depression after her baby was born. 
post-traumatic stress disorder

a disorder that is formed in a person who has experienced a very shocking or frightening event, causing them to have nightmares or flashbacks from the event

zespół stresu pourazowego

zespół stresu pourazowego

Ex: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition that can develop after an individual experiences or witnesses a traumatic event, such as combat, a natural disaster, or a serious accident. 
trauma
trauma
[Rzeczownik]

a medical condition of the mind caused by extreme shock, which could last for a very long time

trauma, szok emocjonalny

trauma, szok emocjonalny

Ex: She sought therapy to help her cope with the emotional trauma from the car accident. 
shell shock
shell shock
[Rzeczownik]

a type of stress-related disorder affecting some soldiers who have served in wars

szok traumatyczny, nerwica wojenna

szok traumatyczny, nerwica wojenna

eating disorder
eating disorder
[Rzeczownik]

a mental condition that causes a person to eat too much or too little

zaburzenie odżywiania, zaburzenie zachowania żywieniowego

zaburzenie odżywiania, zaburzenie zachowania żywieniowego

egomania
egomania
[Rzeczownik]

a mental condition in which one is abnormally self-centered and self-interested

egomania,  megalomania

egomania, megalomania

delusion
delusion
[Rzeczownik]

(psychology) a mental condition in which a person has a false belief system that is contradicted by evidence

urojenie,  iluzja

urojenie, iluzja

dementia
dementia
[Rzeczownik]

a mental condition that happens when the brain is damaged by disease or injury, causing memory loss and impairing the ability to think or make decisions

demencja, zaburzenia poznawcze

demencja, zaburzenia poznawcze

Ex: His grandmother was diagnosed with dementia and had trouble remembering simple tasks. 
generalized anxiety disorder

a chronic condition marked by excessive and persistent worry about various aspects of life, often without a specific cause

zaburzenie lękowe uogólnione

zaburzenie lękowe uogólnione

Ex: Sarah's generalized anxiety disorder manifests as constant worry and fear, impacting her daily life. 
mania
mania
[Rzeczownik]

mental condition that causes extreme and unusual changes in one's energy level, mood, or emotions

mania

mania

munchausen syndrome

a disorder where individuals feign or induce symptoms to garner attention or sympathy, often leading to unnecessary medical interventions

zespół Münchhausena, zaburzenie wytworzone

zespół Münchhausena, zaburzenie wytworzone

Ex: Munchausen syndrome involves a pattern of seeking medical attention through deceptive means, such as faking illnesses. 
schizoid
schizoid
[Rzeczownik]

a personality disorder marked by emotional detachment and a preference for solitude

schizoid, osobowość schizoidalna

schizoid, osobowość schizoidalna

Ex: reg's difficulty expressing emotions is a manifestation of schizoid. 
amnesia
amnesia
[Rzeczownik]

a severe medical condition that leads to partial or complete loss of memory

amnezja

amnezja

Ex: After the car accident she experienced temporary amnesia and could not remember the afternoon before the crash. 
senile dementia
senile dementia
[Rzeczownik]

a severe condition that mainly affects older people's minds and causes memory loss, involuntary movements, etc.

otępienie starcze, demencja starcza

otępienie starcze, demencja starcza

Asperger's syndrome

a form of autism characterized by social difficulties, repetitive behaviors, and focused interests, often with average to above-average intelligence

zespół Aspergera, wysokofunkcjonujący autyzm

zespół Aspergera, wysokofunkcjonujący autyzm

Ex: Mark, diagnosed with Asperger's syndrome, excels in academics but struggles with social cues. 
bigorexia
bigorexia
[Rzeczownik]

a disorder where individuals become excessively obsessed with building muscle mass and have a distorted perception of their own body image, leading to compulsive exercise behaviors

bigoreksja, dysmorfia mięśniowa

bigoreksja, dysmorfia mięśniowa

body dysmorphic disorder

a psychological disorder that causes a person to spend a lot of time thinking obsessively about the imaginary imperfections in their appearance

zaburzenie dysmorficzne ciała, dysmorfofobia

zaburzenie dysmorficzne ciała, dysmorfofobia

Ex: Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a mental health condition where individuals obsess over perceived flaws in their appearance, which are often unnoticeable to others. 
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