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Vocabulaire Essentiel pour le TOEFL - Certitude et Doute

Ici, vous apprendrez quelques mots anglais sur la certitude et le doute, tels que "doute", "assurer", "attendre", etc., qui sont nécessaires pour l'examen TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
certainty

the state of being completely sure that something is true or will happen

certitude

certitude

Ex: No one can predict the result with complete certainty. 
doubt
doubt
[nom]

a feeling of disbelief or uncertainty about something

doute

doute

Ex: His confidence wavered in the face of uncertainty, giving rise to doubt. 
confusion

a state of being unable to think clearly or understand something

confusion

confusion

Ex: The sudden change left Daniel in a state of confusion. 
confidence

a state of hopeful expectation that things will turn out favorably

confiance

confiance

Ex: Confidence in the outcome encouraged him to try. 
probability

the likelihood that something will happen or be true

probabilité

probabilité

Ex: The probability of success increases with careful preparation. 
probable
probable
[Adjectif]

having a high possibility of happening or being true based on available evidence or circumstances

probable

probable

Ex: The economist predicts that there is a probable increase in inflation rates next quarter. 
to suspect
to suspect
[verbe]

to think that something is probably true, especially something bad, without having proof

suspecter, soupçonner

suspecter, soupçonner

Ex: He didn't say anything, but I suspect he's planning a surprise party for her birthday. 
to assure
to assure
[verbe]

to make someone feel certain, confident, or less worried about something

assurer

assurer

Ex: His confident manner assured us that everything was under control. 
to hesitate

to pause before acting or deciding because of uncertainty, nervousness, or reluctance

hésiter

hésiter

Ex: He hesitated for a moment before accepting the offer. 
hesitation

a feeling of doubt, uncertainty, or reluctance before acting

hésitation

hésitation

Ex: His hesitation was evident when asked to speak in public. 

Son hésitation était évidente lorsqu'on lui a demandé de parler en public.

conviction

a firmly held belief or opinion

conviction, croyance

conviction, croyance

Ex: He defended his moral convictions during the discussion. 
to guarantee

to make sure that something will occur

garantir

garantir

Ex: Regular maintenance of the machinery guarantees that production will continue uninterrupted. 
to ensure
to ensure
[verbe]

to make sure that something will happen

assurer

assurer

Ex: The checklist ensures that all necessary tasks are completed. 
to expect
to expect
[verbe]

to think or believe that it is possible for something to happen or for someone to do something

s’attendre à, attendre

s’attendre à, attendre

Ex: As a manager, it's important to clearly communicate what you expect from your team. 
speculative
speculative
[Adjectif]

according to opinions or guesses instead of facts or evidence

spéculatif

spéculatif

Ex: The stock market is highly speculative, with investors making decisions based on predictions rather than concrete data. 

Le marché boursier est très spéculatif, les investisseurs prenant des décisions basées sur des prédictions plutôt que sur des données concrètes.

concrete
concrete
[Adjectif]

specific, definite, and based on actual facts or details rather than general ideas

concret, tangible

concret, tangible

Ex: Emma offered several concrete suggestions for improving the project. 
undeniable
undeniable
[Adjectif]

clearly true and therefore impossible to deny or question

indéniable

indéniable

Ex: The evidence presented in court was undeniable, leading to a swift conviction. 

Les preuves présentées au tribunal étaient indéniables, conduisant à une condamnation rapide.

debatable
debatable
[Adjectif]

subject to argument or disagreement

discutable, contestable

discutable, contestable

Ex: Whether or not the law should be changed is a debatable issue among policymakers. 

Que la loi doive être modifiée ou non est une question discutable parmi les décideurs politiques.

inevitable
inevitable
[Adjectif]

certain to happen and impossible to prevent or avoid

inévitable

inévitable

Ex: After months of declining sales, major changes became inevitable. 
bound
bound
[Adjectif]

certain or extremely likely to happen or be true

forcément, c'est obligé, c'est forcé, devoir

forcément, c'est obligé, c'est forcé, devoir

Ex: With so much traffic, Daniel is bound to be late. 
tentative
tentative
[Adjectif]

not firmly established or decided, with the possibility of changes in the future

provisoire, de principe

provisoire, de principe

Ex: The date for the event is tentative, as we're still waiting to confirm the availability of the venue. 

La date de l'événement est provisoire, car nous attendons toujours de confirmer la disponibilité du lieu.

convinced
convinced
[Adjectif]

having a strong belief in something

persuadé

persuadé

Ex: He was convinced that the project would succeed. 

Il était convaincu que le projet réussirait.

set
set
[Adjectif]

prepared or likely prepared for something

prêt, préparé

prêt, préparé

Ex: The team felt set for the competition after weeks of rigorous training and practice. 
inconclusive
inconclusive
[Adjectif]

not producing a clear result or decision

peu concluant

peu concluant

Ex: The investigation into the accident was inconclusive, as there were conflicting witness accounts. 

L'enquête sur l'accident était inconclusive, car il y avait des témoignages contradictoires.

presumably
presumably
[Adverbe]

used to say that the something is believed to be true based on available information or evidence

on peut supposer que, il est possible que, 	 	probablement, vraisemblablement

on peut supposer que, il est possible que, probablement, vraisemblablement

Ex: The concert tickets sold out quickly, presumably due to the band's recent popularity. 

Les billets de concert se sont vendus rapidement, vraisemblablement en raison de la popularité récente du groupe.

to assume
to assume
[verbe]

to think that something is true without having proof or evidence

supposer

supposer

Ex: People frequently assume the worst without knowing the full story. 
assumption

an idea or belief that one thinks is true without having a proof

supposition, hypothèse

supposition, hypothèse

Ex: The plan was based on the assumption that everyone would participate. 
decidedly
decidedly
[Adverbe]

in a way that is certain and beyond any doubt

vraiment, fermement, résolument, décidément

vraiment, fermement, résolument, décidément

Ex: The team performed decidedly better in the second half of the game. 

L'équipe a joué nettement mieux dans la seconde moitié du match.

supposedly
supposedly
[Adverbe]

used to suggest that something is assumed to be true, often with a hint of doubt

soi-disant, prétendument

soi-disant, prétendument

Ex: The package was supposedly delivered yesterday, but I haven't found it yet. 

Le colis a été soi-disant livré hier, mais je ne l'ai pas encore trouvé.

doubtful
doubtful
[Adjectif]

improbable or unlikely to happen or be the case

douteux, incertain

douteux, incertain

Ex: With no concrete evidence, it is doubtful that the jury will convict the defendant. 

Sans preuve concrète, il est douteux que le jury condamne l'accusé.

dubious
dubious
[Adjectif]

causing doubt or suspicion

douteux, suspect

douteux, suspect

Ex: The dubious quality of the product led to many returns. 

La qualité douteuse du produit a conduit à de nombreux retours.

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