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Mahalagang Bokabularyo para sa TOEFL - Katiyakan at Pagdududa

Dito matututunan mo ang ilang mga salitang Ingles tungkol sa katiyakan at pagdududa, tulad ng "duda", "siguraduhin", "asahan", atbp. na kailangan para sa pagsusulit na TOEFL.

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Simulan ang pag-aaral

Essential Words Needed for TOEFL

[Pangngalan]

the state of being sure about something, usually when there is proof

katiyakan

katiyakan

Ex: His certainty about the project 's success helped persuade others to invest in it .Ang kanyang **katiyakan** tungkol sa tagumpay ng proyekto ay nakatulong upang mahikayat ang iba na mamuhunan dito.

Isara

[Pangngalan]

a feeling of disbelief or uncertainty about something

duda, kawalan ng katiyakan

duda, kawalan ng katiyakan

Ex: The decision was made quickly , leaving no room for doubt.Ang desisyon ay ginawa nang mabilis, na walang puwang para sa **duda**.

Isara

[Pangngalan]

a state of being confused and not having a clear understanding of an action, behavior, etc.

pagkakalito

pagkakalito

Ex: The new instructions were met with confusion as employees struggled to understand the changes .Ang mga bagong tagubilin ay tinanggap nang may **pagkakalito** habang ang mga empleyado ay nahihirapang maunawaan ang mga pagbabago.

Isara

[Pangngalan]

a feeling of hopefulness that derives from an optimistic attitude and mindset that allows one to see the bright side of things especially future events

kumpiyansa, optimismo

kumpiyansa, optimismo

Isara

[Pangngalan]

the likelihood or chance of an event occurring or being true

posibilidad

posibilidad

Ex: Understanding probability is essential in making informed decisions in gambling and finance .Ang pag-unawa sa **probability** ay mahalaga sa paggawa ng mga informed na desisyon sa sugal at pananalapi.

Isara

[pang-uri]

having a high possibility of happening or being true based on available evidence or circumstances

malamang

malamang

Ex: The archaeologist believes it 's probable that the ancient ruins discovered belong to a previously unknown civilization .Naniniwala ang arkeologo na **posible** na ang sinaunang mga guho na natuklasan ay kabilang sa isang sibilisasyong hindi pa nakikilala dati.

Isara

[Pandiwa]

to think that something is probably true, especially something bad, without having proof

maghinala, hinalaan

maghinala, hinalaan

Ex: They suspect the company may be hiding some important information .**Pinaghihinalaan** nila na maaaring may itinatago ang kumpanya ng ilang mahalagang impormasyon.

Isara

[Pandiwa]

to make someone feel confident or certain about someone or something

tiyakin, garantiyahan

tiyakin, garantiyahan

Ex: The parent assured the child of their love and support , comforting them during a difficult time .

Isara

[Pandiwa]

to pause before saying or doing something because of uncertainty or nervousness

mag-atubili, mag-alinlangan

mag-atubili, mag-alinlangan

Ex: In the heated debate , the politician hesitated before addressing the controversial topic .Sa mainit na debate, ang politiko ay **nag-atubili** bago tugunan ang kontrobersyal na paksa.

Isara

[Pangngalan]

the act of pausing before doing or saying something because one feels unsure

pag-aatubili, pagtitigil

pag-aatubili, pagtitigil

Isara

[Pangngalan]

a belief or opinion that is very strong

paniniwala, matibay na paniniwala

paniniwala, matibay na paniniwala

Ex: His conviction in the power of education inspired many students to pursue higher goals .Ang kanyang **paniniwala** sa kapangyarihan ng edukasyon ay nagbigay-inspirasyon sa maraming estudyante na tahakin ang mas mataas na mga layunin.

Isara

[Pandiwa]

to make sure that something will occur

garantiyahan, siguraduhin

garantiyahan, siguraduhin

Ex: Adequate funding guarantees that the project will be completed on time and within budget .Ang sapat na pondo ay **nagagarantiya** na ang proyekto ay matatapos sa takdang oras at sa loob ng badyet.

Isara

[Pandiwa]

to make sure that something will happen

siguraduhin, garantiyahin

siguraduhin, garantiyahin

Ex: The captain ensured the safety of the passengers during the storm .**Tiniyak** ng kapitan ang kaligtasan ng mga pasahero sa panahon ng bagyo.

Isara

[Pandiwa]

to think or believe that it is possible for something to happen or for someone to do something

asahan, inaasahan

asahan, inaasahan

Ex: He expects a promotion after all his hard work this year .Inaasahan niya ang isang promosyon pagkatapos ng lahat ng kanyang pagsusumikap sa taong ito.

Isara

[pang-uri]

according to opinions or guesses instead of facts or evidence

mapaghulo, haka-haka

mapaghulo, haka-haka

Ex: She offered a speculative explanation for his sudden disappearance , based on rumors she had heard .Nagbigay siya ng **haka-haka** na paliwanag para sa biglaan niyang pagkawala, batay sa mga tsismis na narinig niya.

Isara

[pang-uri]

according to facts instead of opinions

kongkreto, nasasalat

kongkreto, nasasalat

Ex: The success of the project was attributed to concrete planning and meticulous execution .

Isara

[pang-uri]

clearly true and therefore impossible to deny or question

hindi matatanggihan, hindi mapag-aalinlanganan

hindi matatanggihan, hindi mapag-aalinlanganan

Ex: The results of the experiment were undeniable, confirming the hypothesis .Ang mga resulta ng eksperimento ay **hindi matatanggihan**, na nagpapatunay sa hipotesis.

Isara

[pang-uri]

subject to argument or disagreement

mapagtalunan, maipapagtalo

mapagtalunan, maipapagtalo

Ex: The fairness of the election process has been a debatable topic for years .

Isara

[pang-uri]

unable to be prevented

hindi maiiwasan

hindi maiiwasan

Ex: With tensions escalating between the two countries , war seemed inevitable.Sa pagtaas ng tensyon sa pagitan ng dalawang bansa, ang digmaan ay tila **hindi maiiwasan**.

Isara

[pang-uri]

likely to happen or sure to experience something

malamang na mangyari, tiyak na mararanasan ang isang bagay

malamang na mangyari, tiyak na mararanasan ang isang bagay

Ex: He was bound to encounter challenges during his journey, given the difficult terrain.Siya ay **tiyak** na makakatagpo ng mga hamon sa kanyang paglalakbay, dahil sa mahirap na lupain.

Isara

[pang-uri]

not firmly established or decided, with the possibility of changes in the future

pansamantala, di-tiyak

pansamantala, di-tiyak

Ex: The company made a tentative offer to the candidate , pending reference checks .Ang kumpanya ay gumawa ng isang **pansamantalang** alok sa kandidato, na nakabinbin sa mga pagsusuri ng sanggunian.

Isara

[pang-uri]

having a strong belief in something

kumbinsido, tiyak

kumbinsido, tiyak

Ex: She was convinced that they would find a solution soon.

Isara

[pang-uri]

prepared or likely prepared for something

handa, nakahanda

handa, nakahanda

Ex: After months of planning and rehearsals, the cast was set for the opening night of the play.Matapos ang mga buwan ng pagpaplano at pagsasanay, ang cast ay **handa na** para sa opening night ng play.

Isara

[pang-uri]

not producing a clear result or decision

hindi tiyak, hindi konklusibo

hindi tiyak, hindi konklusibo

Ex: The results of the experiment were inconclusive, requiring further testing to reach a clear outcome .Ang mga resulta ng eksperimento ay **hindi tiyak**, na nangangailangan ng karagdagang pagsubok upang makamit ang isang malinaw na kinalabasan.

Isara

[pang-abay]

used to say that the something is believed to be true based on available information or evidence

siguro, marahil

siguro, marahil

Ex: The project deadline was extended , presumably to allow more time for thorough research and development .Ang deadline ng proyekto ay pinalawig, **marahil** upang bigyan ng mas maraming oras para sa masusing pananaliksik at pag-unlad.

Isara

[Pandiwa]

to think that something is true without having proof or evidence

ipalagay, akalain

ipalagay, akalain

Ex: Right now , some team members are assuming that the project deadline will be extended .Sa ngayon, ang ilang miyembro ng koponan ay **nag-aakala** na ang deadline ng proyekto ay mapapatagal.

Isara

[Pangngalan]

an idea or belief that one thinks is true without having a proof

palagay, haka-haka

palagay, haka-haka

Ex: The decision relied on the assumption that funding would be approved.Ang desisyon ay umasa sa **palagay** na ang pondo ay maaaprubahan.

Isara

[pang-abay]

in a way that is certain and beyond any doubt

tiyak, walang duda

tiyak, walang duda

Ex: The changes in the design were decidedly for the better .Ang mga pagbabago sa disenyo ay **talagang** para sa ikabubuti.

Isara

[pang-abay]

used to suggest that something is assumed to be true, often with a hint of doubt

daw, sinasabing

daw, sinasabing

Ex: He supposedly has insider information , but we should verify the facts before making any decisions .**Parang** may insider information siya, ngunit dapat nating patunayan ang mga katotohanan bago gumawa ng anumang desisyon.

Isara

[pang-uri]

improbable or unlikely to happen or be the case

duda, hindi tiyak

duda, hindi tiyak

Ex: The explanation seems doubtful, considering all the facts .Ang paliwanag ay tila **kahina-hinala**, isinasaalang-alang ang lahat ng mga katotohanan.

Isara

[pang-uri]

causing doubt or suspicion

kahina-hinala, nagdududa

kahina-hinala, nagdududa

Ex: The company 's dubious financial practices raised concerns among investors .Ang mga **kahina-hinalang** gawaing pampinansyal ng kumpanya ay nagdulot ng pag-aalala sa mga investor.

Isara

Mahalagang Bokabularyo para sa TOEFL

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