Essential Vocabulary for TOEFL - Certainty and Doubt

the state of being sure about something, usually when there is proof

a feeling of disbelief or uncertainty about something

a state of being confused and not having a clear understanding of an action, behavior, etc.

the likelihood or chance of an event occurring or being true

having a high possibility of happening or being true based on available evidence or circumstances

to think that something is probably true, especially something bad, without having proof

to make someone feel confident or certain about someone or something

to pause before saying or doing something because of uncertainty or nervousness

a belief or opinion that is very strong

to make sure that something will occur

to make sure that something will happen

to think or believe that it is possible for something to happen or for someone to do something

according to opinions or guesses instead of facts or evidence

according to facts instead of opinions

clearly true and therefore impossible to deny or question

subject to argument or disagreement

unable to be prevented

likely to happen or sure to experience something

not firmly established or decided, with the possibility of changes in the future

having a strong belief in something

prepared or likely prepared for something

not producing a clear result or decision

used to say that the something is believed to be true based on available information or evidence

to think that something is true without having proof or evidence

an idea or belief that one thinks is true without having a proof

in a way that is certain and beyond any doubt

used to suggest that something is assumed to be true, often with a hint of doubt

improbable or unlikely to happen or be the case

causing doubt or suspicion