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المفردات الضرورية للاختبار TOEFL - اليقين والشك

هنا سوف تتعلم بعض الكلمات الإنجليزية عن اليقين والشك، مثل "شك"، "يؤكد"، "يتوقع"، إلخ. التي يحتاجها امتحان TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
certainty
certainty
[اسم]

the state of being completely sure that something is true or will happen

يقين,  تأكد

يقين, تأكد

Ex: There is growing certainty that the plan will succeed. 
doubt
doubt
[اسم]

a feeling of disbelief or uncertainty about something

شك, ريبة

شك, ريبة

Ex: She couldn't shake the nagging doubt that she had made the wrong decision. 
confusion
confusion
[اسم]

a state of being unable to think clearly or understand something

Ex: She shook her head in confusion when she heard the news. 
confidence
confidence
[اسم]

a state of hopeful expectation that things will turn out favorably

ثقة, طمأنينة

ثقة, طمأنينة

Ex: The students entered the exam room with confidence. 
probability
probability
[اسم]

the likelihood that something will happen or be true

احتمال,  إمكانية

احتمال, إمكانية

Ex: The evidence suggests a strong probability that the painting is genuine. 
probable
probable
[صفة]

having a high possibility of happening or being true based on available evidence or circumstances

محتمل

محتمل

Ex: The archaeologist believes it's probable that the ancient ruins discovered belong to a previously unknown civilization. 
to suspect
to suspect
[فعل]

to think that something is probably true, especially something bad, without having proof

يشك, يتهم

يشك, يتهم

Ex: She suspects there's more to the story than he's telling her. 
to assure
to assure
[فعل]

to make someone feel certain, confident, or less worried about something

يطمئن,  يؤكد

يطمئن, يؤكد

Ex: The security measures assured visitors of their safety. 
to hesitate
to hesitate
[فعل]

to pause before acting or deciding because of uncertainty, nervousness, or reluctance

يتردد,  يتلكأ

يتردد, يتلكأ

Ex: Daniel hesitated to invest because he was unsure about the risks. 
hesitation
hesitation
[اسم]

a feeling of doubt, uncertainty, or reluctance before acting

تردد, تذبذب

تردد, تذبذب

Ex: There was noticeable hesitation in her voice. 

كان هناك تردد ملحوظ في صوتها.

conviction
conviction
[اسم]

a firmly held belief or opinion

اعتقاد راسخ,  قناعة

اعتقاد راسخ, قناعة

Ex: She refused to abandon her deeply held convictions. 
to guarantee
to guarantee
[فعل]

to make sure that something will occur

يضمن, يؤكد

يضمن, يؤكد

Ex: The thorough training program guarantees that employees will be well-prepared to handle any situation. 
to ensure
to ensure
[فعل]

to make sure that something will happen

يضمن, يؤكد

يضمن, يؤكد

Ex: The chef is ensuring that each dish meets the restaurant's standards. 
to expect
to expect
[فعل]

to think or believe that it is possible for something to happen or for someone to do something

يتوقع, يتنبأ

يتوقع, يتنبأ

Ex: The teacher outlined what students could expect on the upcoming exam. 
speculative
speculative
[صفة]

according to opinions or guesses instead of facts or evidence

تخميني, افتراضي

تخميني, افتراضي

Ex: She offered a speculative explanation for his sudden disappearance, based on rumors she had heard. 

قدمت تفسيرًا تخمينيًا لاختفائه المفاجئ، بناءً على شائعات سمعتها.

concrete
concrete
[صفة]

specific, definite, and based on actual facts or details rather than general ideas

ملموس,  محدد

ملموس, محدد

Ex: The company has not announced any concrete plans for expansion. 
undeniable
undeniable
[صفة]

clearly true and therefore impossible to deny or question

لا يمكن إنكاره, غير قابل للجدل

لا يمكن إنكاره, غير قابل للجدل

Ex: The results of the experiment were undeniable, confirming the hypothesis. 

كانت نتائج التجربة لا يمكن إنكارها، مما يؤكد الفرضية.

debatable
debatable
[صفة]

subject to argument or disagreement

قابل للنقاش, مثير للجدل

قابل للنقاش, مثير للجدل

Ex: Whether or not the law should be changed is a debatable issue among policymakers. 

ما إذا كان ينبغي تغيير القانون أم لا هو قضية قابلة للنقاش بين صانعي السياسات.

inevitable
inevitable
[صفة]

certain to happen and impossible to prevent or avoid

Ex: As the city continues to grow, further development is inevitable. 
bound
bound
[صفة]

certain or extremely likely to happen or be true

مؤكد, محتم

مؤكد, محتم

Ex: Sarah knew that the subject was bound to come up again. 
tentative
tentative
[صفة]

not firmly established or decided, with the possibility of changes in the future

مؤقت, غير نهائي

مؤقت, غير نهائي

Ex: His acceptance of the job offer was tentative, as he wanted to discuss the salary before finalizing anything. 

كان قبوله لعرض العمل مؤقتًا، لأنه أراد مناقشة الراتب قبل إنهاء أي شيء.

convinced
convinced
[صفة]

having a strong belief in something

مقتنع, واثق

مقتنع, واثق

Ex: She was convinced that they would find a solution soon. 

كانت مقتنعة بأنهم سيجدون حلاً قريباً.

set
set
[صفة]

prepared or likely prepared for something

جاهز, مستعد

جاهز, مستعد

Ex: The company is set to launch its new product line next month after extensive market research and development. 
inconclusive
inconclusive
[صفة]

not producing a clear result or decision

غير حاسم, غير conclusive

غير حاسم, غير conclusive

Ex: The inconclusive meeting left the team uncertain about the next steps to take. 

ترك الاجتماع غير الحاسم الفريق غير متأكد من الخطوات التالية التي يجب اتخاذها.

presumably
presumably
[ظرف]

used to say that the something is believed to be true based on available information or evidence

على الأرجح, يفترض

على الأرجح, يفترض

Ex: The project deadline was extended, presumably to allow more time for thorough research and development. 

تم تمديد الموعد النهائي للمشروع، على الأرجح للسماح بمزيد من الوقت للبحث والتطوير الشامل.

to assume
to assume
[فعل]

to think that something is true without having proof or evidence

يفترض, يظن

يفترض, يظن

Ex: They assumed the project would be easy, but it turned out to be quite challenging. 
assumption
assumption
[اسم]

an idea or belief that one thinks is true without having a proof

افتراض, فرضية

افتراض, فرضية

Ex: It's a common assumption that older cars are less reliable. 
decidedly
decidedly
[ظرف]

in a way that is certain and beyond any doubt

بشكل حاسم, بلا شك

بشكل حاسم, بلا شك

Ex: The changes in the design were decidedly for the better. 

كانت التغييرات في التصميم بلا شك للأفضل.

supposedly
supposedly
[ظرف]

used to suggest that something is assumed to be true, often with a hint of doubt

يُزعم, مفترض

يُزعم, مفترض

Ex: He supposedly has insider information, but we should verify the facts before making any decisions. 

يُزعم أن لديه معلومات داخلية، ولكن يجب علينا التحقق من الحقائق قبل اتخاذ أي قرارات.

doubtful
doubtful
[صفة]

improbable or unlikely to happen or be the case

مشكوك فيه, غير مؤكد

مشكوك فيه, غير مؤكد

Ex: It seems doubtful that they will finish the project on time given the current delays. 

يبدو مشكوكًا فيه أنهم سينهون المشروع في الوقت المحدد نظرًا للتأخيرات الحالية.

dubious
dubious
[صفة]

causing doubt or suspicion

مشكوك فيه, مثير للشك

مشكوك فيه, مثير للشك

Ex: The company's dubious financial practices raised concerns among investors. 

أثارت الممارسات المالية المشبوهة للشركة مخاوف بين المستثمرين.

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