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Podstawowe Słownictwo do TOEFL - Pewność i Wątpliwość

Tutaj nauczysz się niektórych angielskich słów dotyczących pewności i wątpliwości, takich jak "wątpliwość", "zapewniać", "oczekiwać" itp., które są potrzebne do egzaminu TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
certainty
certainty
[Rzeczownik]

the state of being sure about something, usually when there is proof

pewność

pewność

Ex: Her certainty in her ability to complete the marathon came from months of dedicated training. 
doubt
doubt
[Rzeczownik]

a feeling of disbelief or uncertainty about something

wątpliwość, niepewność

wątpliwość, niepewność

Ex: Doubt crept into her mind as she pondered the possibility of failure. 
confusion
confusion
[Rzeczownik]

a state of being confused and not having a clear understanding of an action, behavior, etc.

zamieszanie

zamieszanie

Ex: The student's confusion was evident when he couldn't solve the math problem. 
confidence
confidence
[Rzeczownik]

a state of hopeful expectation that things will turn out favorably

pewność, ufność

pewność, ufność

Ex: She faced the challenge with confidence. 
probability
probability
[Rzeczownik]

the likelihood or chance of an event occurring or being true

prawdopodobieństwo

prawdopodobieństwo

Ex: The probability of winning the lottery is extremely low. 
probable
probable
[przymiotnik]

having a high possibility of happening or being true based on available evidence or circumstances

prawdopodobny

prawdopodobny

Ex: With clear skies and no signs of storm, it seems probable that the outdoor event will proceed as planned. 
to suspect
to suspect
[Czasownik]

to think that something is probably true, especially something bad, without having proof

podejrzewać, podejrzewać

podejrzewać, podejrzewać

Ex: I suspect he's been lying about where he was last night. 
to assure
to assure
[Czasownik]

to make someone feel confident or certain about someone or something

zapewniać, gwarantować

zapewniać, gwarantować

Ex: The company assured its customers of the product's quality 
to hesitate
to hesitate
[Czasownik]

to pause before saying or doing something because of uncertainty or nervousness

wahać się, ociągać się

wahać się, ociągać się

Ex: When asked about the promotion, Sarah hesitated before responding. 
hesitation
hesitation
[Rzeczownik]

a feeling of doubt, uncertainty, or reluctance before acting

wahanie, niepewność

wahanie, niepewność

Ex: She showed hesitation before agreeing to the risky plan. 
conviction
conviction
[Rzeczownik]

a belief or opinion that is very strong

przekonanie, mocna wiara

przekonanie, mocna wiara

Ex: Despite criticism, she held onto her conviction that renewable energy is the key to a sustainable future. 
to guarantee
to guarantee
[Czasownik]

to make sure that something will occur

gwarantować, zapewniać

gwarantować, zapewniać

Ex: The meticulous planning guarantees that the event will run smoothly without any hitches. 
to ensure
to ensure
[Czasownik]

to make sure that something will happen

zapewniać, gwarantować

zapewniać, gwarantować

Ex: She ensures the quality of the products before they are shipped. 
to expect
to expect
[Czasownik]

to think or believe that it is possible for something to happen or for someone to do something

oczekiwać, przewidywać

oczekiwać, przewidywać

Ex: The weather forecast led us to expect rain this weekend. 
speculative
speculative
[przymiotnik]

according to opinions or guesses instead of facts or evidence

spekulacyjny, hipotetyczny

spekulacyjny, hipotetyczny

Ex: The article contained speculative theories about the origins of the universe. 
concrete
concrete
[przymiotnik]

according to facts instead of opinions

konkretny, namacalny

konkretny, namacalny

Ex: In scientific research, it is crucial to provide concrete evidence to support hypotheses and conclusions. 
undeniable
undeniable
[przymiotnik]

clearly true and therefore impossible to deny or question

niezaprzeczalny, bezsporny

niezaprzeczalny, bezsporny

Ex: The impact of climate change on the environment is undeniable, as evidenced by rising temperatures and melting ice caps. 
debatable
debatable
[przymiotnik]

subject to argument or disagreement

dyskusyjny, sporny

dyskusyjny, sporny

Ex: The decision to cut funding for the arts is highly debatable, with strong opinions on both sides. 
inevitable
inevitable
[przymiotnik]

unable to be prevented

nieunikniony

nieunikniony

Ex: As technology advances, it becomes increasingly inevitable that automation will replace certain jobs. 
bound
bound
[przymiotnik]

likely to happen or sure to experience something

prawdopodobne,  że się wydarzy

prawdopodobne, że się wydarzy

Ex: With the storm approaching, they were bound to face heavy rain and strong winds. 
tentative
tentative
[przymiotnik]

not firmly established or decided, with the possibility of changes in the future

tymczasowy, niepewny

tymczasowy, niepewny

Ex: They reached a tentative agreement on the terms of the contract, pending further negotiation. 
convinced
convinced
[przymiotnik]

having a strong belief in something

przekonany, pewny

przekonany, pewny

Ex: After the meeting, she was convinced that the new strategy was the best approach. 
set
set
[przymiotnik]

prepared or likely prepared for something

gotowy, przygotowany

gotowy, przygotowany

Ex: With all the decorations in place and the food ready, we were set for the party to begin. 
inconclusive
inconclusive
[przymiotnik]

not producing a clear result or decision

niekonkluzywny, niewyraźny

niekonkluzywny, niewyraźny

Ex: The medical tests were inconclusive, so further examination is needed to determine the cause of the symptoms. 
presumably
presumably
[przysłówek]

used to say that the something is believed to be true based on available information or evidence

prawdopodobnie, domyślnie

prawdopodobnie, domyślnie

Ex: She left the office early, presumably to attend a family event. 
to assume
to assume
[Czasownik]

to think that something is true without having proof or evidence

zakładać, przypuszczać

zakładać, przypuszczać

Ex: She often assumes that everyone agrees with her perspective. 
assumption
assumption
[Rzeczownik]

an idea or belief that one thinks is true without having a proof

założenie, hipoteza

założenie, hipoteza

Ex: His assumption about the meeting time was incorrect. 
decidedly
decidedly
[przysłówek]

in a way that is certain and beyond any doubt

zdecydowanie, niewątpliwie

zdecydowanie, niewątpliwie

Ex: The weather was decidedly colder than the forecast suggested. 
supposedly
supposedly
[przysłówek]

used to suggest that something is assumed to be true, often with a hint of doubt

rzekomo, podobno

rzekomo, podobno

Ex: She was supposedly the last person to leave the building, according to eyewitnesses. 
doubtful
doubtful
[przymiotnik]

improbable or unlikely to happen or be the case

wątpliwy, niepewny

wątpliwy, niepewny

Ex: Given the poor weather conditions, it's doubtful that the outdoor concert will take place as scheduled. 
dubious
dubious
[przymiotnik]

causing doubt or suspicion

wątpliwy, podejrzany

wątpliwy, podejrzany

Ex: His dubious explanation for being late didn’t seem believable. 
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