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Linguistica - Phonetics

Qui imparerai alcune parole inglesi relative alla fonetica come "vocale", "palatale" e "allofono".

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aspirate
[sostantivo]

(phonetics) a consonant that is pronounced accompanying a strong expulsion of air

aspirato

aspirato

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closed syllable
[sostantivo]

(phonetics) a syllable that consists of one vowel that is followed by a consonant, ending the syllable

sillaba chiusa

sillaba chiusa

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consonant
[sostantivo]

‌(phonetics) a speech sound produced by interfering with or stopping the flow of air through the mouth or nose

consonante

consonante

Ex: The poem had a pleasing rhythm because of the repeated consonant sounds .La poesia aveva un ritmo piacevole a causa dei suoni **consonanti** ripetuti.
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continuant
[sostantivo]

(phonetics) a consonant that is sounded with the vocal tract half-open, allowing the air to pass through

continuante

continuante

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vowel
[sostantivo]

‌(phonetics) a speech sound produced without interfering with the flow of air coming through the mouth or nose

vocalici

vocalici

Ex: The word " apple " begins with a vowel.La parola "mela" inizia con una **vocale**.
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palatal
[sostantivo]

(phonetics) a speech sound produced by the blade of tongue near or touching the hard palate or the back of the roof of mouth

palatale

palatale

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phoneme
[sostantivo]

the smallest unit of sound in a language that can distinguish meaning, often represented by a specific symbol in phonetic notation

fonema

fonema

Ex: The study of phonemes and their distribution helps linguists analyze speech sounds and patterns across languages .Lo studio dei **fonemi** e della loro distribuzione aiuta i linguisti ad analizzare i suoni del parlato e i modelli tra le lingue.
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alveolar
[sostantivo]

a sound produced with the tip or blade of the tongue touching or near the alveolar ridge

alveolare, consonante alveolare

alveolare, consonante alveolare

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diphthong
[sostantivo]

(phonetics) a gliding speech sound formed by the combination of two vowels in a single syllable

dittongo

dittongo

Ex: Linguists study the distribution and evolution of diphthongs across different languages .I linguisti studiano la distribuzione e l'evoluzione dei **dittonghi** in diverse lingue.
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a specific class of consonant sounds produced with the tongue near or touching the area just behind the alveolar ridge

consonante postalveolare, consonante post-alveolare

consonante postalveolare, consonante post-alveolare

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dental consonant
[sostantivo]

a specific class of consonant sounds produced with the tongue in contact with or close to the upper front teeth

consonante dentale, suono dentale

consonante dentale, suono dentale

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affricate
[sostantivo]

a specific type of consonant sound that begins as a stop consonant and releases into a fricative, characterized by a brief period of complete closure followed by a slow release of air

affricata, consonante affricata

affricata, consonante affricata

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fricative
[sostantivo]

(phonetics) a consonant that is sounded with the vocal tract half-open, allowing the air to pass through

fricativa

fricativa

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lateral consonant
[sostantivo]

a specific type of consonant sound produced by allowing air to flow over the sides of the tongue, while maintaining closure in the center of the mouth

consonante laterale, suono laterale

consonante laterale, suono laterale

Ex: The teacher explained that the lateral consonant sound requires the tongue to touch the roof of the mouth while letting air pass around the sides .
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plosive
[sostantivo]

(phonetics) a consonant that is produced by a sudden stop of the airflow and releasing it again, using the lips, teeth or palate

plosivo

plosivo

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pitch
[sostantivo]

the degree of highness or lowness of a tone that is determined by the frequency of waves producing it

intonazione

intonazione

Ex: The orchestra conductor emphasized the importance of maintaining consistent pitch throughout the performance .Il direttore d'orchestra ha sottolineato l'importanza di mantenere un **tono** costante durante l'esecuzione.
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prosody
[sostantivo]

(phonetics) a subdivision of phonetics dealing with stress and intonation

prosodia

prosodia

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schwa
[sostantivo]

(phonetics) an unstressed central vowel that is produced with the tongue in a lax position, represented by /ə/ symbol

schwa

schwa

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sibilant
[sostantivo]

(phonetics) a consonant that makes a hissing sound when pronounced

sibilante

sibilante

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stress
[sostantivo]

(phonetics) an added force when pronouncing a syllable or word

accento

accento

Ex: In poetry , stress plays a crucial role in creating rhythm and meter , shaping the overall flow of the verse .Nella poesia, **l'accento** gioca un ruolo cruciale nella creazione del ritmo e del metro, modellando il flusso generale del verso.
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velar
[sostantivo]

(phonetics) a consonant pronounced by the back of the tongue approaching the soft palate

velare

velare

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stress mark
[sostantivo]

a symbol that indicates which syllable in a word is uttered with more emphasis

segno di stress

segno di stress

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syllable
[sostantivo]

a word or part of a word, which contains a vowel sound and usually one or more consonants

sillaba

sillaba

Ex: He emphasized the first syllable of the word " banana . "Ha enfatizzato la prima **sillaba** della parola "banana".
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trill
[sostantivo]

(phonetics) a /r/ sound that is produced by a rapid vibration of the tongue against the palate

trillo

trillo

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tone
[sostantivo]

(phonetics) a degree of lowness or highness, called pitch, in a language that signifies different meanings

tono

tono

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glide
[sostantivo]

(phonetics) a speech sound produced while moving the tongue from its initial position

planata

planata

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glottal
[sostantivo]

(phonetics) a speech sound produced by opening and closing the glottis

glottale

glottale

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glottal stop
[sostantivo]

(phonetics) a consonant made by fully closing the glottis releasing an audible airstream

fermata glottale

fermata glottale

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intonation
[sostantivo]

(phonetics) the rising and falling of the voice when speaking

intonazione

intonazione

Ex: Intonation is an important aspect of spoken language that helps listeners interpret the speaker 's attitude , mood , and intention , contributing to effective communication .**L'intonazione** è un aspetto importante del linguaggio parlato che aiuta gli ascoltatori a interpretare l'atteggiamento, l'umore e l'intenzione del parlante, contribuendo a una comunicazione efficace.
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labial
[sostantivo]

(phonetics) a speech sound that is produced using one or both lips

labiale

labiale

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labiodental
[sostantivo]

(phonetics) a consonant that is uttered using the lips and teeth

labiodentale

labiodentale

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labiovelar
[sostantivo]

(phonetics) ‌a speech sound that is made by the lips and soft palate

labiovelar

labiovelar

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open syllable
[sostantivo]

a syllable that ends with a vowel sound and does not have a consonant sound following it

sillaba aperta, sillaba libera

sillaba aperta, sillaba libera

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nasal
[sostantivo]

(phonetics) a consonant that is pronounced by resonating the nose with the mouth fully closed

nasale

nasale

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pronunciation
[sostantivo]

the way a word is pronounced

pronuncia

pronuncia

Ex: She worked hard to improve her pronunciation before the exam .Ha lavorato sodo per migliorare la sua **pronuncia** prima dell'esame.
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rhythm
[sostantivo]

the pattern or arrangement of stressed and unstressed syllables in speech

ritmo, cadenza

ritmo, cadenza

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primary stress
[sostantivo]

(phonetics) the strongest emphasis in a word of two or more syllables when it is uttered

stress primario

stress primario

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secondary stress
[sostantivo]

(phonetics) the second strongest emphatic syllable of a word or phrase when it is uttered

stress secondario

stress secondario

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a system of symbols used to represent the sounds of human language and facilitating accurate transcription

Alfabeto Fonetico Internazionale, AFI

Alfabeto Fonetico Internazionale, AFI

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articulation
[sostantivo]

the physical movements and coordination of speech organs, such as the tongue, lips, and vocal cords, to produce speech sounds

articolazione

articolazione

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voice
[sostantivo]

the sounds that a person makes when speaking or singing

voce

voce

Ex: His deep voice made him a natural choice for radio broadcasting.La sua **voce** profonda lo ha reso una scelta naturale per la trasmissione radiofonica.
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voiced sound
[sostantivo]

a speech sound that is produced with the vocal cords vibrating, resulting in a vocalic or resonant quality

suono sonoro, suono vocalizzato

suono sonoro, suono vocalizzato

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voiceless sound
[sostantivo]

a speech sound produced without vibration of the vocal cords, resulting in the absence of vocal cord involvement in its production

suono sordo, suono non vocalizzato

suono sordo, suono non vocalizzato

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length
[sostantivo]

the duration of a speech sound, whether it is a vowel or a consonant

lunghezza, durata

lunghezza, durata

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coarticulation
[sostantivo]

the phenomenon in which speech sounds overlap or influence each other in their articulation, resulting in modified or assimilated articulatory characteristics

coarticolazione, articolazione congiunta

coarticolazione, articolazione congiunta

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the representation of speech sounds using a system of symbols that accurately captures the precise articulatory, acoustic, and perceptual properties of the sounds, allowing for detailed phonetic analysis

trascrizione fonetica, notazione fonetica

trascrizione fonetica, notazione fonetica

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a type of phonetic transcription that represents the general phonetic characteristics of speech sounds, often using a simplified set of symbols and not indicating fine phonetic details or allophonic variations

trascrizione ampia, trascrizione fonetica ampia

trascrizione ampia, trascrizione fonetica ampia

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a detailed form of phonetic transcription that includes additional phonetic symbols and diacritics to represent finer phonetic details such as specific articulatory features, allophonic variations, and suprasegmental aspects of speech

trascrizione stretta, trascrizione dettagliata

trascrizione stretta, trascrizione dettagliata

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roundness
[sostantivo]

a feature of vowel sounds in phonetics that describes the shape and position of the lips during their articulation, indicating whether the lips are rounded or unrounded

rotondità, arrotondamento

rotondità, arrotondamento

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front vowel
[sostantivo]

a classification of vowel sounds in phonetics that are produced with the front part of the tongue positioned closer to the front of the mouth

vocale anteriore, vocale frontale

vocale anteriore, vocale frontale

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back vowel
[sostantivo]

a classification of vowel sounds in phonetics that are produced with the back part of the tongue positioned closer to the back of the mouth

vocale posteriore, vocale dorsale

vocale posteriore, vocale dorsale

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tenseness
[sostantivo]

a distinction in vowel sounds based on how tense or lax the muscles are when pronouncing them

tensione, rigidità

tensione, rigidità

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tense vowel
[sostantivo]

a vowel sound that is produced with greater muscle tension in the vocal tract, resulting in a longer duration and often a more prominent or "tense" quality compared to lax vowels

vocale tesa, vocale lunga

vocale tesa, vocale lunga

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lax vowel
[sostantivo]

a vowel sound that is produced with less muscle tension in the vocal tract, resulting in a shorter duration and a more relaxed or "lax" quality compared to tense vowels

vocale rilassata, vocale lax

vocale rilassata, vocale lax

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toneme
[sostantivo]

a distinctive unit of pitch or tone in a particular language or phonological system, representing the phonemic or contrastive aspect of tonal variation

tonema, unità distintiva di altezza o tono in una particolare lingua o sistema fonologico

tonema, unità distintiva di altezza o tono in una particolare lingua o sistema fonologico

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dorsal consonant
[sostantivo]

a consonant sound produced with the back of the tongue approaching or making contact with the roof of the mouth, such as /k/, /g/, and /ŋ/

consonante dorsale, suono dorsale

consonante dorsale, suono dorsale

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interdental
[sostantivo]

a consonant sound produced with the tip of the tongue placed between the upper and lower front teeth

consonante interdentale, suono interdentale

consonante interdentale, suono interdentale

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phone
[sostantivo]

(phonetics) a distinct sound uttered, considered as a physical occurrence not as a part of the sound system

fono

fono

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allophone
[sostantivo]

a variant pronunciation of a phoneme, which can occur due to phonetic differences in specific contexts or environments within a language

allofono

allofono

Ex: The variation of the "r" sound in different dialects of English is an example of allophonic variation.La variazione del suono "r" nei diversi dialetti dell'inglese è un esempio di variazione **allofonica**.
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