Lingvistică - Phonetics

(phonetics) a consonant that is pronounced accompanying a strong expulsion of air

aspirat, consoană aspirată

(phonetics) a syllable that consists of one vowel that is followed by a consonant, ending the syllable

silabă închisă, silabă finală

‌(phonetics) a speech sound produced by interfering with or stopping the flow of air through the mouth or nose

consoană

(phonetics) a consonant that is sounded with the vocal tract half-open, allowing the air to pass through

continuant

‌(phonetics) a speech sound produced without interfering with the flow of air coming through the mouth or nose

vocală

(phonetics) a speech sound produced by the blade of tongue near or touching the hard palate or the back of the roof of mouth

palatal, sunet palatal (substantiv)

the smallest unit of sound in a language that can distinguish meaning, often represented by a specific symbol in phonetic notation

fonem

a sound produced with the tip or blade of the tongue touching or near the alveolar ridge

alveolar

(phonetics) a gliding speech sound formed by the combination of two vowels in a single syllable

diptong

a specific class of consonant sounds produced with the tongue near or touching the area just behind the alveolar ridge

consoană postalveolară, consoană post-alveolară

a specific class of consonant sounds produced with the tongue in contact with or close to the upper front teeth

consoană dentară, consoană diento-

a specific type of consonant sound that begins as a stop consonant and releases into a fricative, characterized by a brief period of complete closure followed by a slow release of air

africată, sunet africat

(phonetics) a consonant that is sounded with the vocal tract half-open, allowing the air to pass through

fricativă, consoană fricativă

a specific type of consonant sound produced by allowing air to flow over the sides of the tongue, while maintaining closure in the center of the mouth

consonant lateral, consonantă laterală

(phonetics) a consonant that is produced by a sudden stop of the airflow and releasing it again, using the lips, teeth or palate

ploziv, consoană plozivă

the degree of highness or lowness of a tone that is determined by the frequency of waves producing it

înălțime, ton

(phonetics) a subdivision of phonetics dealing with stress and intonation

prozodie

(phonetics) an unstressed central vowel that is produced with the tongue in a lax position, represented by /ə/ symbol

schwa, vocală centrală

(phonetics) a consonant that makes a hissing sound when pronounced

sibilant, sunet sibilant

(phonetics) an added force when pronouncing a syllable or word

accent, stres

(phonetics) a consonant pronounced by the back of the tongue approaching the soft palate

velar

a symbol that indicates which syllable in a word is uttered with more emphasis

semnul de accent, marcajul de stres

a word or part of a word, which contains a vowel sound and usually one or more consonants

silabă

(phonetics) a /r/ sound that is produced by a rapid vibration of the tongue against the palate

trill, vibrație

(phonetics) a degree of lowness or highness, called pitch, in a language that signifies different meanings

ton, intonare

(phonetics) a speech sound produced while moving the tongue from its initial position

alunecare

(phonetics) a speech sound produced by opening and closing the glottis

glotal, sunet glotal

(phonetics) a consonant made by fully closing the glottis releasing an audible airstream

oprirea glotală, închiderea glotală

(phonetics) the rising and falling of the voice when speaking

intonare

(phonetics) a speech sound that is produced using one or both lips

labial

(phonetics) a consonant that is uttered using the lips and teeth

labiodental, consoană labiodentală

(phonetics) ‌a speech sound that is made by the lips and soft palate

labiovelar, sunet labiovelar

a syllable that ends with a vowel sound and does not have a consonant sound following it

silabă deschisă, silabă liberă

(phonetics) a consonant that is pronounced by resonating the nose with the mouth fully closed

nazal (substantiv)

the way a word is pronounced

pronunție

the pattern or arrangement of stressed and unstressed syllables in speech

ritm, metrica

(phonetics) the strongest emphasis in a word of two or more syllables when it is uttered

accentul primar, stresul primar

(phonetics) the second strongest emphatic syllable of a word or phrase when it is uttered

stres secundar, accent secundar

a system of symbols used to represent the sounds of human language and facilitating accurate transcription

Alfabetul fonetic internațional, IPA

the physical movements and coordination of speech organs, such as the tongue, lips, and vocal cords, to produce speech sounds

articulație

the sounds that a person makes when speaking or singing

voce

a speech sound that is produced with the vocal cords vibrating, resulting in a vocalic or resonant quality

sunet vocal, sunet sonor

a speech sound produced without vibration of the vocal cords, resulting in the absence of vocal cord involvement in its production

sunet mut, sunet fără voce

the duration of a speech sound, whether it is a vowel or a consonant

durată, lungime

the phenomenon in which speech sounds overlap or influence each other in their articulation, resulting in modified or assimilated articulatory characteristics

coarticulație, fenomenul coarticulației

the representation of speech sounds using a system of symbols that accurately captures the precise articulatory, acoustic, and perceptual properties of the sounds, allowing for detailed phonetic analysis

transcriere fonetică, notare fonetică

a type of phonetic transcription that represents the general phonetic characteristics of speech sounds, often using a simplified set of symbols and not indicating fine phonetic details or allophonic variations

transcriere largă, transcriere generală

a detailed form of phonetic transcription that includes additional phonetic symbols and diacritics to represent finer phonetic details such as specific articulatory features, allophonic variations, and suprasegmental aspects of speech

transcriere îngustă, transcriere fonetică detaliată

a feature of vowel sounds in phonetics that describes the shape and position of the lips during their articulation, indicating whether the lips are rounded or unrounded

rotunjime

a classification of vowel sounds in phonetics that are produced with the front part of the tongue positioned closer to the front of the mouth

vocală anterioară, vocală frontală

a classification of vowel sounds in phonetics that are produced with the back part of the tongue positioned closer to the back of the mouth

vocală din spate, vocală posterioră

a distinction in vowel sounds based on how tense or lax the muscles are when pronouncing them

tensiune, tărie

a vowel sound that is produced with greater muscle tension in the vocal tract, resulting in a longer duration and often a more prominent or "tense" quality compared to lax vowels

vocală tensă, vocală cu tensiune

a vowel sound that is produced with less muscle tension in the vocal tract, resulting in a shorter duration and a more relaxed or "lax" quality compared to tense vowels

vocala laxă, vocala relaxată

a distinctive unit of pitch or tone in a particular language or phonological system, representing the phonemic or contrastive aspect of tonal variation

tonem, unitate de ton

a consonant sound produced with the back of the tongue approaching or making contact with the roof of the mouth, such as /k/, /g/, and /ŋ/

consoană dorsală, consoană velară

a consonant sound produced with the tip of the tongue placed between the upper and lower front teeth

interdental, sunet interdental

(phonetics) a distinct sound uttered, considered as a physical occurrence not as a part of the sound system

sunet, fonem

a variant pronunciation of a phoneme, which can occur due to phonetic differences in specific contexts or environments within a language

alofon, variantă de fonem