Лингвистика - Phonetics

(phonetics) a consonant that is pronounced accompanying a strong expulsion of air

придыхательный звук

(phonetics) a syllable that consists of one vowel that is followed by a consonant, ending the syllable

закрытый слог

‌(phonetics) a speech sound produced by interfering with or stopping the flow of air through the mouth or nose

согласная буква

(phonetics) a consonant that is sounded with the vocal tract half-open, allowing the air to pass through

континуанта

‌(phonetics) a speech sound produced without interfering with the flow of air coming through the mouth or nose

гласный звук

(phonetics) a speech sound produced by the blade of tongue near or touching the hard palate or the back of the roof of mouth

палатальный звук

the smallest unit of sound in a language that can distinguish meaning, often represented by a specific symbol in phonetic notation

фонема

a sound produced with the tip or blade of the tongue touching or near the alveolar ridge

альвеолярный

(phonetics) a gliding speech sound formed by the combination of two vowels in a single syllable

двугла́сный, дифтонг

a specific class of consonant sounds produced with the tongue near or touching the area just behind the alveolar ridge

постальвеолярный согласный, постальвеолярная консонанта

a specific class of consonant sounds produced with the tongue in contact with or close to the upper front teeth

зубной согласный, дентальный согласный

a specific type of consonant sound that begins as a stop consonant and releases into a fricative, characterized by a brief period of complete closure followed by a slow release of air

африкат, африкатный звук

(phonetics) a consonant that is sounded with the vocal tract half-open, allowing the air to pass through

фрикативный звук

a specific type of consonant sound produced by allowing air to flow over the sides of the tongue, while maintaining closure in the center of the mouth

латеральный согласный, боковой согласный

(phonetics) a consonant that is produced by a sudden stop of the airflow and releasing it again, using the lips, teeth or palate

взрывные согласные

the degree of highness or lowness of a tone that is determined by the frequency of waves producing it

высота

(phonetics) a subdivision of phonetics dealing with stress and intonation

просодияпросодия

(phonetics) an unstressed central vowel that is produced with the tongue in a lax position, represented by /ə/ symbol

нейтральный звук, шва

(phonetics) a consonant that makes a hissing sound when pronounced

свистяще-шипящий

(phonetics) an added force when pronouncing a syllable or word

ударение

(phonetics) a consonant pronounced by the back of the tongue approaching the soft palate

задненёбный звук

a symbol that indicates which syllable in a word is uttered with more emphasis

знак ударения

a word or part of a word, which contains a vowel sound and usually one or more consonants

слог

(phonetics) a /r/ sound that is produced by a rapid vibration of the tongue against the palate

дрожащие согласные

(phonetics) a degree of lowness or highness, called pitch, in a language that signifies different meanings

тон

(phonetics) a speech sound produced while moving the tongue from its initial position

полугласный

(phonetics) a speech sound produced by opening and closing the glottis

голосовая щель

(phonetics) a consonant made by fully closing the glottis releasing an audible airstream

гортанная смычка

(phonetics) the rising and falling of the voice when speaking

интонация

(phonetics) a speech sound that is produced using one or both lips

губной звук

(phonetics) a consonant that is uttered using the lips and teeth

губно-зубные произносит

(phonetics) ‌a speech sound that is made by the lips and soft palate

лабиовеляр

a syllable that ends with a vowel sound and does not have a consonant sound following it

открытый слог, слог с гласным

(phonetics) a consonant that is pronounced by resonating the nose with the mouth fully closed

гнусавость

the way a word is pronounced

произношение

the pattern or arrangement of stressed and unstressed syllables in speech

ритм, метрика

(phonetics) the strongest emphasis in a word of two or more syllables when it is uttered

сильное ударение

(phonetics) the second strongest emphatic syllable of a word or phrase when it is uttered

вторичное ударение

a system of symbols used to represent the sounds of human language and facilitating accurate transcription

Международный фонетический алфавит, МФА

the physical movements and coordination of speech organs, such as the tongue, lips, and vocal cords, to produce speech sounds

артикуляция

the sounds that a person makes when speaking or singing

голос

a speech sound that is produced with the vocal cords vibrating, resulting in a vocalic or resonant quality

озвученный звук, гласный звук

a speech sound produced without vibration of the vocal cords, resulting in the absence of vocal cord involvement in its production

беззвучный звук, глухой звук

the duration of a speech sound, whether it is a vowel or a consonant

длительность, длина

the phenomenon in which speech sounds overlap or influence each other in their articulation, resulting in modified or assimilated articulatory characteristics

коартикуляция, коартикуляция звуков

the representation of speech sounds using a system of symbols that accurately captures the precise articulatory, acoustic, and perceptual properties of the sounds, allowing for detailed phonetic analysis

фонетическая транскрипция, фонетическая нотация

a type of phonetic transcription that represents the general phonetic characteristics of speech sounds, often using a simplified set of symbols and not indicating fine phonetic details or allophonic variations

широкая транскрипция, грубая транскрипция

a detailed form of phonetic transcription that includes additional phonetic symbols and diacritics to represent finer phonetic details such as specific articulatory features, allophonic variations, and suprasegmental aspects of speech

узкая транскрипция, подробная фонетическая транскрипция

a feature of vowel sounds in phonetics that describes the shape and position of the lips during their articulation, indicating whether the lips are rounded or unrounded

округлость

a classification of vowel sounds in phonetics that are produced with the front part of the tongue positioned closer to the front of the mouth

фронтальный гласный, передний гласный

a classification of vowel sounds in phonetics that are produced with the back part of the tongue positioned closer to the back of the mouth

задний гласный, гласный заднего ряда

a distinction in vowel sounds based on how tense or lax the muscles are when pronouncing them

напряженность, тонус

a vowel sound that is produced with greater muscle tension in the vocal tract, resulting in a longer duration and often a more prominent or "tense" quality compared to lax vowels

напряжённая гласная, гласная с напряжением

a vowel sound that is produced with less muscle tension in the vocal tract, resulting in a shorter duration and a more relaxed or "lax" quality compared to tense vowels

негнативный гласный, слабый гласный

a distinctive unit of pitch or tone in a particular language or phonological system, representing the phonemic or contrastive aspect of tonal variation

тоном, единица тона

a consonant sound produced with the back of the tongue approaching or making contact with the roof of the mouth, such as /k/, /g/, and /ŋ/

дорсальная согласная, задняя согласная

a consonant sound produced with the tip of the tongue placed between the upper and lower front teeth

интердентальный, звуки интердентальные

(phonetics) a distinct sound uttered, considered as a physical occurrence not as a part of the sound system

звук

a variant pronunciation of a phoneme, which can occur due to phonetic differences in specific contexts or environments within a language

аллофон