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Linguística - Phonetics

Aqui você aprenderá algumas palavras em inglês relacionadas à fonética, como "vogal", "palatal" e "alofone".

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Words Related to Linguistics
aspirate
[substantivo]

(phonetics) a consonant that is pronounced accompanying a strong expulsion of air

aspirado, consoante aspirada

aspirado, consoante aspirada

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closed syllable
[substantivo]

(phonetics) a syllable that consists of one vowel that is followed by a consonant, ending the syllable

sílaba fechada, sílaba terminada em consoante

sílaba fechada, sílaba terminada em consoante

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consonant
[substantivo]

‌(phonetics) a speech sound produced by interfering with or stopping the flow of air through the mouth or nose

consoante, som consonantal

consoante, som consonantal

Ex: The poem had a pleasing rhythm because of the repeated consonant sounds .O poema tinha um ritmo agradável por causa dos sons **consoantes** repetidos.
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continuant
[substantivo]

(phonetics) a consonant that is sounded with the vocal tract half-open, allowing the air to pass through

continuante, consoante continuante

continuante, consoante continuante

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vowel
[substantivo]

‌(phonetics) a speech sound produced without interfering with the flow of air coming through the mouth or nose

vogal, som vocálico

vogal, som vocálico

Ex: The word " apple " begins with a vowel.A palavra "maçã" começa com uma **vogal**.
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palatal
[substantivo]

(phonetics) a speech sound produced by the blade of tongue near or touching the hard palate or the back of the roof of mouth

palatal, som palatal

palatal, som palatal

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phoneme
[substantivo]

the smallest unit of sound in a language that can distinguish meaning, often represented by a specific symbol in phonetic notation

fonema, unidade fonológica

fonema, unidade fonológica

Ex: The study of phonemes and their distribution helps linguists analyze speech sounds and patterns across languages .O estudo dos **fonemas** e sua distribuição ajuda os linguistas a analisar os sons da fala e os padrões em diferentes idiomas.
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alveolar
[substantivo]

a sound produced with the tip or blade of the tongue touching or near the alveolar ridge

alveolar, consoante alveolar

alveolar, consoante alveolar

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diphthong
[substantivo]

(phonetics) a gliding speech sound formed by the combination of two vowels in a single syllable

ditongo, vogal ditongada

ditongo, vogal ditongada

Ex: Linguists study the distribution and evolution of diphthongs across different languages .Os linguistas estudam a distribuição e evolução dos **ditongos** em diferentes línguas.
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a specific class of consonant sounds produced with the tongue near or touching the area just behind the alveolar ridge

consoante postalveolar, consoante pós-alveolar

consoante postalveolar, consoante pós-alveolar

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dental consonant
[substantivo]

a specific class of consonant sounds produced with the tongue in contact with or close to the upper front teeth

consoante dental, som dental

consoante dental, som dental

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affricate
[substantivo]

a specific type of consonant sound that begins as a stop consonant and releases into a fricative, characterized by a brief period of complete closure followed by a slow release of air

africada, consoante africada

africada, consoante africada

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fricative
[substantivo]

(phonetics) a consonant that is sounded with the vocal tract half-open, allowing the air to pass through

fricativa, consoante fricativa

fricativa, consoante fricativa

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lateral consonant
[substantivo]

a specific type of consonant sound produced by allowing air to flow over the sides of the tongue, while maintaining closure in the center of the mouth

consoante lateral, som lateral

consoante lateral, som lateral

Ex: The teacher explained that the lateral consonant sound requires the tongue to touch the roof of the mouth while letting air pass around the sides .
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plosive
[substantivo]

(phonetics) a consonant that is produced by a sudden stop of the airflow and releasing it again, using the lips, teeth or palate

oclusiva, consoante oclusiva

oclusiva, consoante oclusiva

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pitch
[substantivo]

the degree of highness or lowness of a tone that is determined by the frequency of waves producing it

tom, altura

tom, altura

Ex: The orchestra conductor emphasized the importance of maintaining consistent pitch throughout the performance .O maestro da orquestra enfatizou a importância de manter um **tom** consistente durante toda a performance.
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prosody
[substantivo]

(phonetics) a subdivision of phonetics dealing with stress and intonation

prosódia, estudo dos acentos e entonações

prosódia, estudo dos acentos e entonações

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schwa
[substantivo]

(phonetics) an unstressed central vowel that is produced with the tongue in a lax position, represented by /ə/ symbol

schwa, vogal central átona

schwa, vogal central átona

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sibilant
[substantivo]

(phonetics) a consonant that makes a hissing sound when pronounced

sibilante, consoante sibilante

sibilante, consoante sibilante

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stress
[substantivo]

(phonetics) an added force when pronouncing a syllable or word

ênfase, acento

ênfase, acento

Ex: In poetry , stress plays a crucial role in creating rhythm and meter , shaping the overall flow of the verse .Na poesia, **o acento** desempenha um papel crucial na criação do ritmo e do metro, moldando o fluxo geral do verso.
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velar
[substantivo]

(phonetics) a consonant pronounced by the back of the tongue approaching the soft palate

velar, consoante velar

velar, consoante velar

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stress mark
[substantivo]

a symbol that indicates which syllable in a word is uttered with more emphasis

marca de estresse, sinal de acentuação

marca de estresse, sinal de acentuação

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syllable
[substantivo]

a word or part of a word, which contains a vowel sound and usually one or more consonants

sílaba, som

sílaba, som

Ex: He emphasized the first syllable of the word " banana . "Ele enfatizou a primeira **sílaba** da palavra "banana".
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trill
[substantivo]

(phonetics) a /r/ sound that is produced by a rapid vibration of the tongue against the palate

trilo, vibrante

trilo, vibrante

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tone
[substantivo]

(phonetics) a degree of lowness or highness, called pitch, in a language that signifies different meanings

tom, altura tonal

tom, altura tonal

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glide
[substantivo]

(phonetics) a speech sound produced while moving the tongue from its initial position

deslize, semivogal

deslize, semivogal

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glottal
[substantivo]

(phonetics) a speech sound produced by opening and closing the glottis

glotal, som glotal

glotal, som glotal

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glottal stop
[substantivo]

(phonetics) a consonant made by fully closing the glottis releasing an audible airstream

oclusiva glotal, parada glotal

oclusiva glotal, parada glotal

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intonation
[substantivo]

(phonetics) the rising and falling of the voice when speaking

entonação

entonação

Ex: Intonation is an important aspect of spoken language that helps listeners interpret the speaker 's attitude , mood , and intention , contributing to effective communication .**A entonação** é um aspecto importante da linguagem falada que ajuda os ouvintes a interpretar a atitude, o humor e a intenção do falante, contribuindo para uma comunicação eficaz.
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labial
[substantivo]

(phonetics) a speech sound that is produced using one or both lips

labial, som labial

labial, som labial

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labiodental
[substantivo]

(phonetics) a consonant that is uttered using the lips and teeth

labiodental, consoante labiodental

labiodental, consoante labiodental

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labiovelar
[substantivo]

(phonetics) ‌a speech sound that is made by the lips and soft palate

labiovelar, consoante labiovelar

labiovelar, consoante labiovelar

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open syllable
[substantivo]

a syllable that ends with a vowel sound and does not have a consonant sound following it

sílaba aberta, sílaba livre

sílaba aberta, sílaba livre

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nasal
[substantivo]

(phonetics) a consonant that is pronounced by resonating the nose with the mouth fully closed

nasal, consoante nasal

nasal, consoante nasal

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pronunciation
[substantivo]

the way a word is pronounced

pronúncia, articulação

pronúncia, articulação

Ex: She worked hard to improve her pronunciation before the exam .Ela trabalhou duro para melhorar sua **pronúncia** antes do exame.
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rhythm
[substantivo]

the pattern or arrangement of stressed and unstressed syllables in speech

ritmo, cadência

ritmo, cadência

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primary stress
[substantivo]

(phonetics) the strongest emphasis in a word of two or more syllables when it is uttered

ênfase primária, estresse primário

ênfase primária, estresse primário

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secondary stress
[substantivo]

(phonetics) the second strongest emphatic syllable of a word or phrase when it is uttered

ênfase secundária, estresse secundário

ênfase secundária, estresse secundário

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a system of symbols used to represent the sounds of human language and facilitating accurate transcription

Alfabeto Fonético Internacional, AFI

Alfabeto Fonético Internacional, AFI

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articulation
[substantivo]

the physical movements and coordination of speech organs, such as the tongue, lips, and vocal cords, to produce speech sounds

articulação

articulação

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voice
[substantivo]

the sounds that a person makes when speaking or singing

voz, tom

voz, tom

Ex: His deep voice made him a natural choice for radio broadcasting.Sua **voz** profunda o tornou uma escolha natural para a radiodifusão.
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voiced sound
[substantivo]

a speech sound that is produced with the vocal cords vibrating, resulting in a vocalic or resonant quality

som sonoro, som vocalizado

som sonoro, som vocalizado

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voiceless sound
[substantivo]

a speech sound produced without vibration of the vocal cords, resulting in the absence of vocal cord involvement in its production

som surdo, som não vocalizado

som surdo, som não vocalizado

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length
[substantivo]

the duration of a speech sound, whether it is a vowel or a consonant

comprimento, duração

comprimento, duração

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coarticulation
[substantivo]

the phenomenon in which speech sounds overlap or influence each other in their articulation, resulting in modified or assimilated articulatory characteristics

coarticulação, articulação conjunta

coarticulação, articulação conjunta

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the representation of speech sounds using a system of symbols that accurately captures the precise articulatory, acoustic, and perceptual properties of the sounds, allowing for detailed phonetic analysis

transcrição fonética, notação fonética

transcrição fonética, notação fonética

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broad transcription
[substantivo]

a type of phonetic transcription that represents the general phonetic characteristics of speech sounds, often using a simplified set of symbols and not indicating fine phonetic details or allophonic variations

transcrição ampla, transcrição fonética ampla

transcrição ampla, transcrição fonética ampla

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a detailed form of phonetic transcription that includes additional phonetic symbols and diacritics to represent finer phonetic details such as specific articulatory features, allophonic variations, and suprasegmental aspects of speech

transcrição estreita, transcrição detalhada

transcrição estreita, transcrição detalhada

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roundness
[substantivo]

a feature of vowel sounds in phonetics that describes the shape and position of the lips during their articulation, indicating whether the lips are rounded or unrounded

redondez, arredondamento

redondez, arredondamento

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front vowel
[substantivo]

a classification of vowel sounds in phonetics that are produced with the front part of the tongue positioned closer to the front of the mouth

vogal anterior, vogal frontal

vogal anterior, vogal frontal

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back vowel
[substantivo]

a classification of vowel sounds in phonetics that are produced with the back part of the tongue positioned closer to the back of the mouth

vogal posterior, vogal dorsal

vogal posterior, vogal dorsal

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tenseness
[substantivo]

a distinction in vowel sounds based on how tense or lax the muscles are when pronouncing them

tensão, rigidez

tensão, rigidez

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tense vowel
[substantivo]

a vowel sound that is produced with greater muscle tension in the vocal tract, resulting in a longer duration and often a more prominent or "tense" quality compared to lax vowels

vogal tensa, vogal longa

vogal tensa, vogal longa

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lax vowel
[substantivo]

a vowel sound that is produced with less muscle tension in the vocal tract, resulting in a shorter duration and a more relaxed or "lax" quality compared to tense vowels

vogal relaxada, vogal lax

vogal relaxada, vogal lax

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toneme
[substantivo]

a distinctive unit of pitch or tone in a particular language or phonological system, representing the phonemic or contrastive aspect of tonal variation

tonema, unidade distinta de tom ou altura em uma língua ou sistema fonológico particular

tonema, unidade distinta de tom ou altura em uma língua ou sistema fonológico particular

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dorsal consonant
[substantivo]

a consonant sound produced with the back of the tongue approaching or making contact with the roof of the mouth, such as /k/, /g/, and /ŋ/

consoante dorsal, som dorsal

consoante dorsal, som dorsal

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interdental
[substantivo]

a consonant sound produced with the tip of the tongue placed between the upper and lower front teeth

consoante interdental, som interdental

consoante interdental, som interdental

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phone
[substantivo]

(phonetics) a distinct sound uttered, considered as a physical occurrence not as a part of the sound system

som, fone

som, fone

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allophone
[substantivo]

a variant pronunciation of a phoneme, which can occur due to phonetic differences in specific contexts or environments within a language

um alofone,  uma variante de pronúncia de um fonema

um alofone, uma variante de pronúncia de um fonema

Ex: The variation of the "r" sound in different dialects of English is an example of allophonic variation.A variação do som "r" em diferentes dialetos do inglês é um exemplo de variação **alofônica**.
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