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Lingvistika - Phonetics
Zde se naučíte některá anglická slova související s fonetikou, jako jsou "samohláska", "palatální" a "alofon".
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(phonetics) a consonant that is pronounced accompanying a strong expulsion of air
aspirovaný, aspirovaná souhláska
(phonetics) a syllable that consists of one vowel that is followed by a consonant, ending the syllable
uzavřená slabika, slabika končící souhláskou
(phonetics) a speech sound produced by interfering with or stopping the flow of air through the mouth or nose
souhláska, konsonant
(phonetics) a consonant that is sounded with the vocal tract half-open, allowing the air to pass through
kontinuanta, kontinuální souhláska
(phonetics) a speech sound produced without interfering with the flow of air coming through the mouth or nose
samohláska, samohláskový zvuk
(phonetics) a speech sound produced by the blade of tongue near or touching the hard palate or the back of the roof of mouth
palatální, palatální zvuk
the smallest unit of sound in a language that can distinguish meaning, often represented by a specific symbol in phonetic notation
foném, zvuková jednotka
a sound produced with the tip or blade of the tongue touching or near the alveolar ridge
alveolára, alveolární souhláska
(phonetics) a gliding speech sound formed by the combination of two vowels in a single syllable
dvojhláska, spřežka
a specific class of consonant sounds produced with the tongue near or touching the area just behind the alveolar ridge
postalveolární souhláska, post-alveolární souhláska
a specific class of consonant sounds produced with the tongue in contact with or close to the upper front teeth
zubná souhláska, zubní zvuk
a specific type of consonant sound that begins as a stop consonant and releases into a fricative, characterized by a brief period of complete closure followed by a slow release of air
afrikáta, afrikátní souhláska
(phonetics) a consonant that is sounded with the vocal tract half-open, allowing the air to pass through
frikativa, třená souhláska
a specific type of consonant sound produced by allowing air to flow over the sides of the tongue, while maintaining closure in the center of the mouth
laterální souhláska, boční zvuk
(phonetics) a consonant that is produced by a sudden stop of the airflow and releasing it again, using the lips, teeth or palate
exploziva, závěrová souhláska
the degree of highness or lowness of a tone that is determined by the frequency of waves producing it
tón, výška tónu
(phonetics) a subdivision of phonetics dealing with stress and intonation
prozódie, studium přízvuku a intonace
(phonetics) an unstressed central vowel that is produced with the tongue in a lax position, represented by /ə/ symbol
schwa, nestresovaná středová samohláska
(phonetics) a consonant that makes a hissing sound when pronounced
sykavka, sykavá souhláska
(phonetics) an added force when pronouncing a syllable or word
přízvuk, důraz
(phonetics) a consonant pronounced by the back of the tongue approaching the soft palate
velární, velární souhláska
a symbol that indicates which syllable in a word is uttered with more emphasis
přízvuková značka, znak přízvuku
a word or part of a word, which contains a vowel sound and usually one or more consonants
slabika, zvuk
(phonetics) a /r/ sound that is produced by a rapid vibration of the tongue against the palate
trylek, vibrant
(phonetics) a degree of lowness or highness, called pitch, in a language that signifies different meanings
tón, výška tónu
(phonetics) a speech sound produced while moving the tongue from its initial position
skluz, polosamohláska
(phonetics) a speech sound produced by opening and closing the glottis
glotální, glotální zvuk
(phonetics) a consonant made by fully closing the glottis releasing an audible airstream
hlasivková uzávěra, glotální stopka
(phonetics) the rising and falling of the voice when speaking
intonace
(phonetics) a speech sound that is produced using one or both lips
labiála, retný zvuk
(phonetics) a consonant that is uttered using the lips and teeth
labiodentála, labiodentální souhláska
(phonetics) a speech sound that is made by the lips and soft palate
labiovelára, labiovelární souhláska
a syllable that ends with a vowel sound and does not have a consonant sound following it
otevřená slabika, volná slabika
(phonetics) a consonant that is pronounced by resonating the nose with the mouth fully closed
nazální, nazální souhláska
the way a word is pronounced
výslovnost, artikulace
the pattern or arrangement of stressed and unstressed syllables in speech
rytmus, metrum
(phonetics) the strongest emphasis in a word of two or more syllables when it is uttered
primární přízvuk, hlavní přízvuk
(phonetics) the second strongest emphatic syllable of a word or phrase when it is uttered
vedlejší přízvuk, sekundární stres
a system of symbols used to represent the sounds of human language and facilitating accurate transcription
Mezinárodní fonetická abeceda, IPA
the physical movements and coordination of speech organs, such as the tongue, lips, and vocal cords, to produce speech sounds
artikulace
the sounds that a person makes when speaking or singing
hlas, tón
a speech sound that is produced with the vocal cords vibrating, resulting in a vocalic or resonant quality
znělý zvuk, hlasitý zvuk
a speech sound produced without vibration of the vocal cords, resulting in the absence of vocal cord involvement in its production
neznělý zvuk, zvuk bez hlasivek
the duration of a speech sound, whether it is a vowel or a consonant
délka, trvání
the phenomenon in which speech sounds overlap or influence each other in their articulation, resulting in modified or assimilated articulatory characteristics
koartikulace, společná artikulace
the representation of speech sounds using a system of symbols that accurately captures the precise articulatory, acoustic, and perceptual properties of the sounds, allowing for detailed phonetic analysis
fonetická transkripce, fonetická notace
a type of phonetic transcription that represents the general phonetic characteristics of speech sounds, often using a simplified set of symbols and not indicating fine phonetic details or allophonic variations
široká transkripce, fonetická široká transkripce
a detailed form of phonetic transcription that includes additional phonetic symbols and diacritics to represent finer phonetic details such as specific articulatory features, allophonic variations, and suprasegmental aspects of speech
úzká transkripce, podrobná transkripce
a feature of vowel sounds in phonetics that describes the shape and position of the lips during their articulation, indicating whether the lips are rounded or unrounded
kulatost, zaoblení
a classification of vowel sounds in phonetics that are produced with the front part of the tongue positioned closer to the front of the mouth
přední samohláska, frontální samohláska
a classification of vowel sounds in phonetics that are produced with the back part of the tongue positioned closer to the back of the mouth
zadní samohláska, zadní vokál
a distinction in vowel sounds based on how tense or lax the muscles are when pronouncing them
napětí, tuhost
a vowel sound that is produced with greater muscle tension in the vocal tract, resulting in a longer duration and often a more prominent or "tense" quality compared to lax vowels
napjatá samohláska, dlouhá samohláska
a vowel sound that is produced with less muscle tension in the vocal tract, resulting in a shorter duration and a more relaxed or "lax" quality compared to tense vowels
uvolněná samohláska, lax samohláska
a distinctive unit of pitch or tone in a particular language or phonological system, representing the phonemic or contrastive aspect of tonal variation
toném, výrazná jednotka výšky tónu nebo tónu v určitém jazyce nebo fonologickém systému
a consonant sound produced with the back of the tongue approaching or making contact with the roof of the mouth, such as /k/, /g/, and /ŋ/
dorzální souhláska, hřbetní zvuk
a consonant sound produced with the tip of the tongue placed between the upper and lower front teeth
interdentální souhláska, interdentální zvuk
(phonetics) a distinct sound uttered, considered as a physical occurrence not as a part of the sound system
zvuk, fon
a variant pronunciation of a phoneme, which can occur due to phonetic differences in specific contexts or environments within a language
alofon, variantní výslovnost fonému
