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Salute e Malattia - Descrivere la salute e la malattia

Qui imparerai alcune parole inglesi relative alla descrizione della salute e della malattia come "cronico", "infiammatorio" e "virale".

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Words Related to Health and Sickness
autoimmune
[aggettivo]

relating to a condition where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, or organs

autoimmune

autoimmune

Ex: In autoimmune conditions , the immune system can harm healthy tissues .Nelle condizioni **autoimmuni**, il sistema immunitario può danneggiare i tessuti sani.
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communicable
[aggettivo]

related to diseases that can be transmitted from one person to another through direct or indirect means

trasmissibile, contagioso

trasmissibile, contagioso

Ex: Vaccination plays a crucial role in controlling the spread of communicable diseases.La vaccinazione svolge un ruolo cruciale nel controllare la diffusione delle malattie **trasmissibili**.
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chronic
[aggettivo]

(of an illness) difficult to cure and long-lasting

cronico

cronico

Ex: Sarah 's chronic migraine headaches often last for days , despite trying different medications .Le emicranie **croniche** di Sarah spesso durano per giorni, nonostante provi diversi farmaci.
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catching
[aggettivo]

(of disease or illness) likely to be transmitted from one person to another

cattura

cattura

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benign
[aggettivo]

(of an ilness) not fatal or harmful

benigno

benigno

Ex: The veterinarian informed the pet owner that the lump on their dog 's paw was benign and did not require surgery .Il veterinario ha informato il proprietario dell'animale che il nodulo sulla zampa del loro cane era **benigno** e non richiedeva un intervento chirurgico.
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autistic
[aggettivo]

having autism spectrum disorder, a developmental condition that affects social interaction, communication, and behavior

autistico

autistico

Ex: The autistic community advocates for acceptance , understanding , and inclusion .La comunità **autistica** sostiene l'accettazione, la comprensione e l'inclusione.
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asymptomatic
[aggettivo]

(of a disease) not showing any symptoms associated with it

asintomatico

asintomatico

Ex: Despite being asymptomatic, the patient was advised to monitor their health closely for any signs of illness .Nonostante fosse **asintomatico**, al paziente è stato consigliato di monitorare attentamente la propria salute per eventuali segni di malattia.
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congenital
[aggettivo]

having a disease since birth that is not necessarily hereditary

congenito

congenito

Ex: Tom 's congenital hearing loss was detected shortly after birth during a newborn screening .La perdita uditiva **congenita** di Tom è stata rilevata poco dopo la nascita durante uno screening neonatale.
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contagious
[aggettivo]

(of a disease) transmittable from one person to another through close contact

contagioso

contagioso

Ex: Quarantine measures were implemented to contain the outbreak of a contagious virus in the community .Sono state implementate misure di quarantena per contenere lo scoppio di un virus **contagioso** nella comunità.
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degenerative
[aggettivo]

characterized by the gradual deterioration or decline of a particular organ, system, or function in the body

degenerativo,  degenerante

degenerativo, degenerante

Ex: Chronic exposure to certain substances may lead to degenerative organ damage .L'esposizione cronica a determinate sostanze può portare a danni d'organo **degenerativi**.
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febrile
[aggettivo]

having the symptoms of a fever, such as high temperature, sweating, shivering, etc.

febbrile

febbrile

Ex: The febrile state was accompanied by chills and general weakness .Lo stato **febbrile** era accompagnato da brividi e debolezza generale.
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fulminant
[aggettivo]

(of an illness) developing suddenly and progresses rapidly, often with severe and intense symptoms

fulminante, fulminante

fulminante, fulminante

Ex: Fulminant heart failure can manifest as a sudden and acute cardiac crisis .L'insufficienza cardiaca **fulminante** può manifestarsi come una crisi cardiaca improvvisa e acuta.
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incurable
[aggettivo]

(of a disease or a sick person) impossible to cure or unresponsive to treatment

incurabile

incurabile

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infectious
[aggettivo]

(of a disease or condition) capable of transmitting from one person, organism, or object to another through direct or indirect contact

infettivo

infettivo

Ex: COVID-19 is an infectious respiratory illness caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 , which has led to a global pandemic .Il COVID-19 è una malattia respiratoria **infettiva** causata dal coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, che ha portato a una pandemia globale.
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inflammatory
[aggettivo]

causing or involving swelling and irritation of body tissues

infiammatorio, pro-infiammatorio

infiammatorio, pro-infiammatorio

Ex: Inflammatory responses play a crucial role in the body 's defense against infections .Le risposte **infiammatorie** svolgono un ruolo cruciale nella difesa del corpo contro le infezioni.
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malignant
[aggettivo]

(of a tumor or disease) uncontrollable and likely to be fatal

maligno

maligno

Ex: The oncologist recommended a combination of chemotherapy and radiation to combat the malignant disease .L'oncologo ha raccomandato una combinazione di chemioterapia e radioterapia per combattere la malattia **maligna**.
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mentally
[avverbio]

regarding one's mind, mental capacities, or aspects of mental well-being

mentalmente

mentalmente

Ex: The illness impacted him mentally, causing difficulties in memory and concentration .La malattia lo ha colpito **mentalmente**, causando difficoltà nella memoria e nella concentrazione.
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mild
[aggettivo]

having a gentle or not very strong effect

dolce

dolce

Ex: The earthquake was mild, causing no significant damage .Il terremoto è stato **lieve**, non causando danni significativi.
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morbid
[aggettivo]

(of pathology) related to a diseased state or an abnormal condition, especially one that is severe or harmful

morboso, patologico

morboso, patologico

Ex: Certain diagnostic tests help identify morbid changes in tissue structure .Alcuni test diagnostici aiutano a identificare i cambiamenti **morbosi** nella struttura dei tessuti.
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pathological
[aggettivo]

relating to or caused by an illness or disease

patologico

patologico

Ex: The pathological findings confirmed the presence of a rare genetic disorder .I reperti **patologici** hanno confermato la presenza di un raro disturbo genetico.
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psychosomatic
[aggettivo]

(of a physical illness) caused or aggravated by mental factors, such as stress and anxiety

psicosomatico

psicosomatico

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quiescent
[aggettivo]

(of pathology) relating to a period when a disease is inactive, showing no apparent symptoms or progression

quiescente, latente

quiescente, latente

Ex: Following successful treatment , the patient 's symptoms remained quiescent.A seguito di un trattamento riuscito, i sintomi del paziente sono rimasti **quiescenti**.
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rheumatic
[aggettivo]

related to conditions causing inflammation and pain in joints, muscles, or connective tissues

reumatico, reumatoidale

reumatico, reumatoidale

Ex: Medication and exercise help manage symptoms in rheumatic conditions .I farmaci e l'esercizio fisico aiutano a gestire i sintomi nelle condizioni **reumatiche**.
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terminal
[aggettivo]

(of an illness) having no cure and gradually leading to death

terminale

terminale

Ex: Emily 's grandfather 's terminal condition made it difficult for him to perform even simple daily tasks .La condizione **terminale** del nonno di Emily gli rendeva difficile svolgere anche i compiti quotidiani più semplici.
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tubercular
[aggettivo]

relating to or suffering from tuberculosis, a severe and contagious infection that mainly affects one's lungs

tubercolare

tubercolare

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aggressive
[aggettivo]

(of sickness or disease) tending to spread in a rapid manner

aggressivo, virulento

aggressivo, virulento

Ex: The doctors were concerned about the aggressive cancer that had spread quickly .I medici erano preoccupati per il cancro **aggressivo** che si era diffuso rapidamente.
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allergic
[aggettivo]

caused by or relating to allergy

allergico

allergico

Ex: The nurse administered an injection to treat the patient's severe allergic reaction to a bee sting.L'infermiera ha somministrato un'iniezione per trattare la grave reazione **allergica** del paziente a una puntura d'ape.
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anemic
[aggettivo]

relating to a health condition where a person has a lower than normal number of red blood cells, causing fatigue and weakness

anemico

anemico

Ex: Despite feeling tired all the time , she initially attributed her symptoms to stress until a blood test confirmed that she was anemic.Nonostante si sentisse sempre stanca, inizialmente attribuì i suoi sintomi allo stress fino a quando un esame del sangue confermò che era **anemica**.
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asthmatic
[aggettivo]

related to a condition or sound characterized by audible wheezing or whistling during breathing, typically caused by narrowed airways

asmatico, relativo all'asma

asmatico, relativo all'asma

Ex: Asthmatic wheezing can be a symptom of an ongoing respiratory issue .Un respiro sibilante **asmatico** può essere un sintomo di un problema respiratorio in corso.
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diabetic
[aggettivo]

relating to a medical condition characterized by an impaired ability to regulate blood sugar levels

diabetico

diabetico

Ex: The cookbook featured recipes tailored to diabetic dietary restrictions , emphasizing balanced and nutritious meals .Il libro di cucina presentava ricette adattate alle restrizioni dietetiche **diabetiche**, sottolineando pasti equilibrati e nutrienti.
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diseased
[aggettivo]

affected by a disease

malato

malato

Ex: The diseased trees in the forest were marked for removal to prevent the spread of the invasive pest .Gli alberi **malati** nella foresta sono stati segnati per la rimozione per prevenire la diffusione del parassita invasivo.
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emaciated
[aggettivo]

extremely thin and weak, often because of illness or a severe lack of food

emaciato

emaciato

Ex: The emaciated man 's sunken eyes betrayed the depth of his suffering .Gli occhi infossati dell'uomo **emaciato** tradiscono la profondità della sua sofferenza.
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life-limiting
[aggettivo]

relating to an incurable chronic illness or a medical condition that will eventually lead to patient's death

limitazione della vita

limitazione della vita

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malarial
[aggettivo]

related to or infected by malaria, a chronic disease that is caused by the bite of specific types of mosquito

malarico

malarico

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nauseous
[aggettivo]

inducing the urge to vomit

nauseabondo, disgustoso

nauseabondo, disgustoso

Ex: The nauseous fumes from the cleaning product filled the room .I fumi **nauseabondi** del prodotto per la pulizia hanno riempito la stanza.
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viral
[aggettivo]

caused by or related to a virus

virale

virale

Ex: He was diagnosed with a viral infection that kept him bedridden for several days.Gli è stata diagnosticata un'infezione **virale** che lo ha tenuto a letto per diversi giorni.
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virulent
[aggettivo]

(of a disease) able to make one sick

virulento

virulento

Ex: The virulent bacteria spread quickly through the population, causing widespread illness.I batteri **virulenti** si sono diffusi rapidamente tra la popolazione, causando una malattia diffusa.
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notifiable
[aggettivo]

(of a disease or a crime) so chronic or serious that requires official notification and must be reported to the appropriate authorities

notificabile

notificabile

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peaky
[aggettivo]

looking pale or sickly

pallida

pallida

Ex: Emily 's coworker looked peaky after returning from a long business trip , suggesting she was exhausted .Il collega di Emily sembrava **pallido** dopo essere tornato da un lungo viaggio d'affari, suggerendo che fosse esausto.
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celiac
[aggettivo]

affected by or belonging to celiac disease, a serious autoimmune disease and a digestive disorder that is triggered by eating foods that contain gluten

celiaco

celiaco

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symptomatic
[aggettivo]

showing signs typical of a specific illness

sintomatico

sintomatico

Ex: Her consistent fatigue was symptomatic of iron deficiency .La sua costante stanchezza era **sintomatica** di una carenza di ferro.
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wasted
[aggettivo]

weak and thin, especially as a result of old age or an illness

esaurito

esaurito

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undernourished
[aggettivo]

not adequately fed or nourished therefore in bad health

denutrito

denutrito

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unfit
[aggettivo]

lacking the necessary qualities, skills, or mental health to perform a task

inadatto

inadatto

Ex: The board concluded that he was unfit to manage the project due to his poor organizational skills .Il consiglio ha concluso che era **inadatto** a gestire il progetto a causa delle sue scarse capacità organizzative.
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unhealthy
[aggettivo]

not having a good physical or mental condition

cagionevole

cagionevole

Ex: With her pale complexion and low energy , Lisa seemed unhealthy to her friends .Con il suo incarnato pallido e la scarsa energia, Lisa sembrava **malsana** ai suoi amici.
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weak
[aggettivo]

structurally fragile or lacking durability

debole

debole

Ex: The dam failed at its weakest point during the flood.La diga ha ceduto nel suo punto più **debole** durante l'alluvione.
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rundown
[aggettivo]

feeling or looking exhausted, particularly after an intense physical activity

malandato

malandato

Ex: After taking care of everyone else, she found herself feeling run-down and depleted.Dopo essersi presa cura di tutti gli altri, si ritrovò a sentirsi **esausta** e svuotata.
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seasick
[aggettivo]

feeling sick or nauseous due to the motion of the ship or boat one is traveling with

mal di mare

mal di mare

Ex: Despite the beautiful views , he felt too seasick to enjoy the boat ride .Nonostante le belle vedute, si sentiva troppo **mal di mare** per godersi la gita in barca.
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sick
[aggettivo]

not in a good and healthy physical or mental state

malato

malato

Ex: She was so sick, she missed the trip .Era così **malata**, che ha perso il viaggio.
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splitting
[aggettivo]

(of a headache) severe or massive

scissione

scissione

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hereditary
[aggettivo]

(of a disease or characteristic) able to be passed on to a child through the genes of its parents

ereditario

ereditario

Ex: The genetic counselor highlighted the hereditary patterns in the family's health history.Il consulente genetico ha evidenziato i modelli **ereditari** nella storia della salute della famiglia.
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genetic
[aggettivo]

(of diseases) passed on from one's parents

genetico

genetico

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anorexic
[aggettivo]

involving or suffering from anorexia

anoressico

anoressico

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pinched
[aggettivo]

extremely emaciated, particularly due to illness, lack of food, or exposure to cold

emaciato, scheletrito

emaciato, scheletrito

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sea legs
[sostantivo]

an individual's ability to walk without stumbling and resist getting seasick while on a moving ship

gambe di mare, abitudine al mare

gambe di mare, abitudine al mare

Ex: The young boy was scared of the rocking boat at first , but his grandfather helped him find his sea legs and they spent the day fishing together .Il ragazzino all'inizio aveva paura della barca che dondolava, ma suo nonno lo aiutò a trovare il suo **piede marino** e passarono la giornata a pescare insieme.
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Salute e Malattia
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