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健康与疾病 - 描述健康与疾病

在这里,你将学习一些与健康和疾病描述相关的英语单词,如“慢性”、“炎症性”和“病毒性”。

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Words Related to Health and Sickness
autoimmune
autoimmune
[形容词]

relating to a condition where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, or organs

自身免疫

自身免疫

Ex: Type 1 diabetes results from an autoimmune attack on pancreas cells. 

1型糖尿病是由对胰腺细胞的自身免疫攻击引起的。

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communicable
communicable
[形容词]

related to diseases that can be transmitted from one person to another through direct or indirect means

可传染的, 传染性的

可传染的, 传染性的

Ex: COVID-19 is highly communicable, easily passing from person to person. 

COVID-19具有高度传染性,容易在人与人之间传播。

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chronic
chronic
[形容词]

(of an illness) difficult to cure and long-lasting

慢性的, 长期的

慢性的, 长期的

Ex: David's chronic depression affects his mood and energy levels on a daily basis. 

大卫的慢性抑郁症每天都影响着他的情绪和能量水平。

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catching
catching
[形容词]

(of disease or illness) likely to be transmitted from one person to another

传染性的,可传播的

传染性的,可传播的

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benign
benign
[形容词]

(of an ilness) not fatal or harmful

良性的

良性的

Ex: The doctor assured him that the lump on his skin was benign and required no treatment. 

医生向他保证,皮肤上的肿块是良性的,不需要治疗。

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autistic
autistic
[形容词]

having autism spectrum disorder, a developmental condition that affects social interaction, communication, and behavior

自闭症的, 患有自闭症谱系障碍的

自闭症的, 患有自闭症谱系障碍的

Ex: He has an autistic brother who communicates through nonverbal cues and gestures. 

他有一个自闭症的兄弟,通过非语言线索和手势进行交流。

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asymptomatic
asymptomatic
[形容词]

(of a disease) not showing any symptoms associated with it

无症状的

无症状的

Ex: The asymptomatic carrier unknowingly spread the disease to several people at the gathering. 

无症状携带者在聚会上不知不觉地将疾病传播给了几个人。

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congenital
congenital
[形容词]

having a disease since birth that is not necessarily hereditary

先天的, 天生的

先天的, 天生的

Ex: Tim was born with a congenital hip dislocation that required corrective surgery. 

蒂姆出生时患有先天性髋关节脱位,需要矫正手术。

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contagious
contagious
[形容词]

(of a disease) transmittable from one person to another through close contact

传染性的

传染性的

Ex: The flu virus is contagious and can be transmitted through respiratory droplets. 
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degenerative
degenerative
[形容词]

characterized by the gradual deterioration or decline of a particular organ, system, or function in the body

退化的,  变性的

退化的, 变性的

Ex: Degenerative disc disease is a condition that causes the breakdown of spinal discs, leading to pain and stiffness. 

退行性椎间盘疾病是一种导致脊柱间盘分解,引起疼痛和僵硬的病症。

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febrile
febrile
[形容词]

having the symptoms of a fever, such as high temperature, sweating, shivering, etc.

发热的

发热的

Ex: The patient’s febrile symptoms required immediate medical attention. 

病人的发热症状需要立即就医。

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fulminant
fulminant
[形容词]

(of an illness) developing suddenly and progresses rapidly, often with severe and intense symptoms

暴发性的, 急骤的

暴发性的, 急骤的

Ex: Fulminant hepatitis is a sudden and intense inflammation of the liver. 

暴发性肝炎是肝脏突然而剧烈的炎症。

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incurable
incurable
[形容词]

(of a disease or a sick person) impossible to cure or unresponsive to treatment

不可治愈的,  无法治愈的

不可治愈的, 无法治愈的

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infectious
infectious
[形容词]

(of a disease or condition) capable of transmitting from one person, organism, or object to another through direct or indirect contact

传染性的, 有感染力的

传染性的, 有感染力的

Ex: Tom's infectious laughter spread throughout the room, causing everyone to smile. 

汤姆的感染力笑声在房间里传播,让每个人都笑了。

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inflammatory
inflammatory
[形容词]

causing or involving swelling and irritation of body tissues

炎症性的, 促炎的

炎症性的, 促炎的

Ex: The inflammatory response in the body was triggered by a bacterial infection, leading to a severe fever and swelling. 

体内的炎症反应是由细菌感染引发的,导致了严重发烧和肿胀。

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malignant
malignant
[形容词]

(of a tumor or disease) uncontrollable and likely to be fatal

恶性的,  恶性

恶性的, 恶性

Ex: She underwent surgery to remove the malignant growth in her lung. 

她接受了手术,切除了肺部的恶性肿瘤。

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mentally
mentally
[副词]

regarding one's mind, mental capacities, or aspects of mental well-being

精神上, 智力上

精神上, 智力上

Ex: The problem-solving activity engaged students mentally, fostering critical thinking. 

解决问题的活动让学生在精神上参与进来,培养了批判性思维。

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mild
mild
[形容词]

not severe, strong, intense, or extreme in degree or effect

not severe, strong, intense, or extreme in degree or effect

not severe, strong, intense, or extreme in degree or effect

Ex: The medicine may cause mild side effects. 
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morbid
morbid
[形容词]

(of pathology) related to a diseased state or an abnormal condition, especially one that is severe or harmful

病态的, 病理的

病态的, 病理的

Ex: Researchers are studying the morbid mechanisms underlying the progression of the illness. 

研究人员正在研究疾病进展背后的病态机制。

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pathological
pathological
[形容词]

relating to or caused by an illness or disease

病理的, 病态的

病理的, 病态的

Ex: Pathological examination of the tissue sample confirmed the presence of cancer cells. 

组织样本的病理学检查证实了癌细胞的存在。

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psychosomatic
psychosomatic
[形容词]

(of a physical illness) caused or aggravated by mental factors, such as stress and anxiety

身心上的, 由心理因素引起的

身心上的, 由心理因素引起的

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quiescent
quiescent
[形容词]

(of pathology) relating to a period when a disease is inactive, showing no apparent symptoms or progression

静止的, 潜在的

静止的, 潜在的

Ex: Some joint diseases can stay quiescent without obvious symptoms. 

一些关节疾病可以在没有明显症状的情况下保持静止。

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rheumatic
rheumatic
[形容词]

related to conditions causing inflammation and pain in joints, muscles, or connective tissues

风湿病的, 与风湿病有关的

风湿病的, 与风湿病有关的

Ex: Proper diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment in rheumatic disorders. 

对于风湿性疾病的有效治疗,正确的诊断至关重要。

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terminal
terminal
[形容词]

of an illness or disease, incurable and expected to lead to death

晚期的

晚期的

Ex: The hospital provides special care for terminal patients. 
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tubercular
tubercular
[形容词]

relating to or suffering from tuberculosis, a severe and contagious infection that mainly affects one's lungs

结核的, 患结核病的

结核的, 患结核病的

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aggressive
aggressive
[形容词]

(of sickness or disease) tending to spread in a rapid manner

侵略性的, 猛烈的

侵略性的, 猛烈的

Ex: The aggressive nature of the infection required immediate treatment. 

感染的侵袭性需要立即治疗。

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allergic
allergic
[形容词]

caused by or relating to allergy

过敏的, 敏感的

过敏的, 敏感的

Ex: The doctor prescribed antihistamines to relieve her allergic symptoms. 

医生开了抗组胺药来缓解她的过敏症状。

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anemic
anemic
[形容词]

relating to a health condition where a person has a lower than normal number of red blood cells, causing fatigue and weakness

贫血的

贫血的

Ex: Anemic individuals may experience symptoms such as dizziness, shortness of breath, and pale skin due to reduced oxygen-carrying capacity in the blood. 

贫血的个体可能会因为血液中携氧能力降低而出现头晕、呼吸急促和皮肤苍白等症状。

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asthmatic
asthmatic
[形容词]

related to a condition or sound characterized by audible wheezing or whistling during breathing, typically caused by narrowed airways

哮喘的, 与哮喘有关的

哮喘的, 与哮喘有关的

Ex: Asthmatic wheezing can signal ongoing respiratory issues. 

哮喘性喘息可能预示着持续的呼吸问题。

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diabetic
diabetic
[形容词]

relating to a medical condition characterized by an impaired ability to regulate blood sugar levels

糖尿病的

糖尿病的

Ex: A well-managed diabetic diet involves controlling carbohydrate intake and making healthy food choices. 

管理良好的糖尿病饮食包括控制碳水化合物的摄入和做出健康的食物选择。

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diseased
diseased
[形容词]

affected by a disease

患病的, 受疾病影响的

患病的, 受疾病影响的

Ex: The veterinarian examined the diseased dog and prescribed medication to treat its skin condition. 

兽医检查了患病的狗,并开了药来治疗它的皮肤病。

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emaciated
emaciated
[形容词]

extremely thin and weak, often because of illness or a severe lack of food

消瘦的, 憔悴的

消瘦的, 憔悴的

Ex: The emaciated stray dog sought shelter under the abandoned building. 

瘦弱的流浪狗在废弃的建筑物下寻求庇护。

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life-limiting
life-limiting
[形容词]

relating to an incurable chronic illness or a medical condition that will eventually lead to patient's death

限制生命的, 致命的

限制生命的, 致命的

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malarial
malarial
[形容词]

related to or infected by malaria, a chronic disease that is caused by the bite of specific types of mosquito

疟疾的, 与疟疾有关的

疟疾的, 与疟疾有关的

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nauseous
nauseous
[形容词]

inducing the urge to vomit

令人作呕的, 恶心的

令人作呕的, 恶心的

Ex: Certain medications have a nauseous taste, making them difficult to swallow. 

某些药物有一种令人作呕的味道,使得它们难以吞咽。

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viral
viral
[形容词]

caused by or related to a virus

病毒的, 病毒引起的

病毒的, 病毒引起的

Ex: The doctor diagnosed her illness as a viral infection after conducting tests. 

医生在进行了测试后,将她的病情诊断为病毒感染。

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virulent
virulent
[形容词]

(of a disease) able to make one sick

剧毒的

剧毒的

Ex: The new disease proved to be highly virulent, affecting even healthy individuals. 

新疾病被证明具有高度毒性,甚至影响了健康的个体。

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notifiable
notifiable
[形容词]

(of a disease or a crime) so chronic or serious that requires official notification and must be reported to the appropriate authorities

须申报的, 应通知的

须申报的, 应通知的

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peaky
peaky
[形容词]

looking pale or sickly

苍白的, 病态的

苍白的, 病态的

Ex: Tim's friends grew concerned when they noticed him looking unusually peaky and fatigued. 

蒂姆的朋友们注意到他看起来异常苍白和疲惫时,开始担心起来。

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celiac
celiac
[形容词]

affected by or belonging to celiac disease, a serious autoimmune disease and a digestive disorder that is triggered by eating foods that contain gluten

乳糜泻, 受乳糜泻影响的

乳糜泻, 受乳糜泻影响的

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symptomatic
symptomatic
[形容词]

displaying signs typical of a particular disease or medical condition

有症状的, 典型的

有症状的, 典型的

Ex: The rash is symptomatic of an allergic reaction. 

皮疹是过敏反应的症状性表现。

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wasted
wasted
[形容词]

weak and thin, especially as a result of old age or an illness

消瘦的, 虚弱的

消瘦的, 虚弱的

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undernourished
undernourished
[形容词]

not adequately fed or nourished therefore in bad health

营养不良的,  营养不足的

营养不良的, 营养不足的

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unfit
unfit
[形容词]

lacking the necessary qualities, skills, or mental health to perform a task

不适合, 不胜任

不适合, 不胜任

Ex: The candidate was unfit for the job because she didn't meet the required qualifications. 

这位候选人不适合这份工作,因为她不符合所需的资格。

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unhealthy
unhealthy
[形容词]

not having a good physical or mental condition

不健康的, 病态的

不健康的, 病态的

Ex: Overuse of makeup made Susan look unhealthy and aged. 

过度使用化妆品让苏珊看起来不健康而且显老。

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weak
weak
[形容词]

structurally fragile or lacking durability

脆弱的, 弱的

脆弱的, 弱的

Ex: The dam failed at its weakest point during the flood. 
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rundown
rundown
[形容词]

feeling or looking exhausted, particularly after an intense physical activity

筋疲力尽的, 疲惫不堪的

筋疲力尽的, 疲惫不堪的

Ex: He looked run-down from all the stress at work and lack of sleep. 

由于工作上的所有压力和睡眠不足,他看起来筋疲力尽。

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seasick
seasick
[形容词]

feeling sick or nauseous due to the motion of the ship or boat one is traveling with

晕船, 由于船的晃动而感到恶心

晕船, 由于船的晃动而感到恶心

Ex: He took medication to avoid getting seasick on their sailing trip. 

他服用了药物以避免在他们的帆船旅行中晕船。

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sick
sick
[形容词]

not in a good and healthy physical or mental state

生病的, 恶心的

生病的, 恶心的

Ex: She was so sick, she missed the trip. 
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splitting
splitting
[形容词]

(of a headache) severe or massive

剧烈的, 大规模的

剧烈的, 大规模的

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hereditary
hereditary
[形容词]

(of a disease or characteristic) able to be passed on to a child through the genes of its parents

遗传的, 可通过基因传递的

遗传的, 可通过基因传递的

Ex: He had a hereditary condition that required regular medical check-ups. 

他有一种需要定期体检的遗传性疾病。

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genetic
genetic
[形容词]

(of diseases) passed on from one's parents

遗传的

遗传的

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anorexic
anorexic
[形容词]

having anorexia nervosa, an eating disorder characterized by extreme restriction of food intake

厌食的, 患有厌食症的

厌食的, 患有厌食症的

Ex: Anorexic behaviors include self-starvation and fear of gaining weight. 

厌食症行为包括自我饥饿和害怕体重增加。

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pinched
pinched
[形容词]

extremely emaciated, particularly due to illness, lack of food, or exposure to cold

憔悴的, 消瘦的

憔悴的, 消瘦的

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sea legs
sea legs
[名词]

an individual's ability to walk without stumbling and resist getting seasick while on a moving ship

海腿, 适应海上生活

海腿, 适应海上生活

Ex: After a few days at sea, the crew members had finally gotten their sea legs and were able to move around the ship without stumbling. 

在海上几天后,船员们终于找到了他们的海腿,能够不跌跌撞撞地在船上走动。

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