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建築と建設 - 構造の種類

ここでは、「ダム」、「スタジアム」、「風車」などのさまざまな種類の構造物に関連するいくつかの英単語を学びます。

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Words Related to Architecture and Construction
church
church
[名詞]

a building where Christians go to worship and practice their religion

教会

教会

Ex: He volunteered at the church's soup kitchen to help feed the homeless .彼はホームレスに食事を提供するため、**教会**のスープキッチンでボランティアをした。
booth
booth
[名詞]

a small structure with closed sides in which people can make a phone, vote, etc. in private

ブース, 投票所

ブース, 投票所

edifice
edifice
[名詞]

a large, imposing building, especially one that is impressive in size or appearance

建物, 壮大な建造物

建物, 壮大な建造物

Ex: The ancient edifice stood tall amidst the modern city skyline .古代の**建物**は、近代的な都市のスカイラインの中にそびえ立っていた。
dam
dam
[名詞]

a huge wall built to keep water from entering an area or to contain and use it as a power source to produce electricity

ダム, 堰堤

ダム, 堰堤

Ex: Heavy rains put pressure on the dam’s structure .大雨が**ダム**の構造に圧力をかけます。
portable building

a structure that is designed to be easily transported or moved from one location to another, providing temporary or mobile accommodation, workspace, or storage solutions

ポータブルビル, 移動式構造物

ポータブルビル, 移動式構造物

Ex: After the fire , the business used a portable building as a temporary shop until the main building was rebuilt .火事の後、事業は本館が再建されるまで、仮設店舗として**ポータブルビルディング**を使用しました。
cathedral
cathedral
[名詞]

the largest and most important church of a specific area, which is controlled by a bishop

大聖堂, カテドラル

大聖堂, カテドラル

Ex: During the holiday season , the cathedral is beautifully decorated with lights and festive ornaments .
stadium
stadium
[名詞]

a very large, often roofless, structure where sports events, etc. are held for an audience

スタジアム, 競技場

スタジアム, 競技場

Ex: The stadium's design allows for excellent acoustics , making it a popular choice for both sports events and live music performances .**スタジアム**の設計は優れた音響を可能にし、スポーツイベントとライブ音楽パフォーマンスの両方で人気の選択肢となっています。
windmill
windmill
[名詞]

a large, tall building with long blades, called sails, that uses wind power to make flour out of grain or pump water

風車, ウィンドミル

風車, ウィンドミル

Ex: Many windmills in the Netherlands have been preserved as landmarks .オランダでは多くの**風車**がランドマークとして保存されています。
outhouse
outhouse
[名詞]

a small, separate building located outside of a main residence, traditionally used as a toilet or restroom facility, typically containing a simple pit or composting system

屋外トイレ, 外便所

屋外トイレ, 外便所

shed
shed
[名詞]

a simple and small cottage-like building that is built to store things or shelter animals

物置, 小屋

物置, 小屋

Ex: She bought a new shed to organize her gardening equipment and supplies .彼女はガーデニングの道具や用品を整理するために新しい**物置**を買いました。
silo
silo
[名詞]

a tall, cylindrical structure typically used for storing and preserving bulk quantities of grain, seeds, or other agricultural products, often found on farms or in agricultural settings

サイロ, 穀物倉庫

サイロ, 穀物倉庫

pavilion
pavilion
[名詞]

a temporary structure, such as a tent or stand, in which exhibitions and public events are held

パビリオン, テント

パビリオン, テント

bridge
bridge
[名詞]

a structure built over a river, road, etc. that enables people or vehicles to go from one side to the other

橋

Ex: The old stone bridge was a historic landmark in the region .その古い石の**橋**は、地域の歴史的ランドマークでした。
skyscraper
skyscraper
[名詞]

a modern building that is very tall, often built in a city

摩天楼, タワー

摩天楼, タワー

Ex: The skyscraper was built to withstand high winds and earthquakes .**超高層ビル**は強風や地震に耐えるように建てられました。
tower
tower
[名詞]

a tall and often narrow building that stands alone or is part of a castle, church, or other larger buildings

塔, 鐘楼

塔, 鐘楼

Ex: The tower collapsed during the storm due to strong winds .強風のために嵐の最中に**塔**が崩壊した。
cooling tower

a large, tall, and round building that cools down water for industrial purposes

冷却塔, クーリングタワー

冷却塔, クーリングタワー

Ex: The maintenance team performed routine checks on the cooling tower to prevent overheating in the factory .メンテナンスチームは、工場での過熱を防ぐために**冷却塔**の定期点検を行いました。
kiosk
kiosk
[名詞]

a small store with an open front selling newspapers, etc.

キオスク, 新聞スタンド

キオスク, 新聞スタンド

Ex: The airline introduced self-service check - in kiosks at the airport to streamline the boarding process .航空会社は搭乗プロセスを効率化するために、空港にセルフサービスチェックインの**キオスク**を導入しました。
monument
monument
[名詞]

a structure built in honor of a public figure or a special event

記念碑

記念碑

Ex: Every year , a memorial service is held at the monument to remember those who lost their lives .毎年、**記念碑**で命を落とした人々を偲ぶ追悼式が行われます。
aquarium
aquarium
[名詞]

a building in which sea creatures, such as fish, sharks, etc., are kept and displayed for the public

水族館, 海洋公園

水族館, 海洋公園

Ex: She spent hours observing jellyfish at the aquarium.彼女は水族館でクラゲを何時間も観察しました。
greenhouse
greenhouse
[名詞]

a glass structure used for growing plants in and protecting them from cold weather

温室, グリーンハウス

温室, グリーンハウス

Ex: The school ’s greenhouse is used to teach students about botany .学校の**温室**は、生徒に植物学を教えるために使用されています。
columbarium
columbarium
[名詞]

a structure or building with niches or compartments designed to hold the cremated remains of deceased individuals, serving as a final resting place or memorial

納骨堂, 骨壷安置所

納骨堂, 骨壷安置所

mausoleum
mausoleum
[名詞]

a grand above-ground structure used for entombing the deceased or as a memorial

霊廟, 巨大な墓

霊廟, 巨大な墓

Ex: The mausoleum was designed with intricate carvings to honor the memory of the famous historical figure .**霊廟**は、有名な歴史的人物の記憶を称えるために複雑な彫刻で設計されました。
cenotaph
cenotaph
[名詞]

a public monument built to honor the people who died in a war and are buried elsewhere

慰霊碑, 戦没者記念碑

慰霊碑, 戦没者記念碑

Ex: A quiet moment of silence was observed near the cenotaph during the remembrance ceremony .記念式典中、**慰霊碑**の近くで静かな沈黙の瞬間が観察されました。
obelisk
obelisk
[名詞]

a tall column made of stone with four sides and a pyramid-like top, used as a monument to honor an important event or person

オベリスク, 石碑

オベリスク, 石碑

tomb
tomb
[名詞]

an overground or underground grave that is large in size and is often made of stone

墓, 墳墓

墓, 墳墓

Ex: The tomb was sealed to protect the remains inside from damage .**墓**は内部の遺体を損傷から守るために封印されました。
temple
temple
[名詞]

a building used for worshiping one or several gods, used by some religious communities, especially Buddhists and Hindus

寺院, 神殿

寺院, 神殿

Ex: He made a pilgrimage to the temple to fulfill a vow made to the deity .彼は神への誓いを果たすために**寺院**への巡礼を行った。
building complex

a group of buildings that are related or designed to function together, typically sharing common features or purpose

ビル複合施設, 建物の集合体

ビル複合施設, 建物の集合体

Ex: The residential building complex has shared amenities like a swimming pool and playground .**建物複合体**には、プールや遊び場などの共有施設があります。
carriage house

a small building with a high ceiling that is primarily used to provide a covered space for coaches and carriages when they are not in use

馬車小屋, キャリッジハウス

馬車小屋, キャリッジハウス

Ex: The carriage house still had the tracks on the floor where the horses ' carriages used to be stored .**馬車小屋**には、かつて馬車が保管されていた床の上にまだ線路が残っていた。
woodshed
woodshed
[名詞]

a structure or shelter specifically designed for storing firewood or logs

薪小屋, 木材置き場

薪小屋, 木材置き場

Ex: The woodshed was built just behind the house, making it easy to access firewood for the stove.**ウッドシェッド**は家のすぐ後ろに建てられており、ストーブ用の薪に簡単にアクセスできます。
barn
barn
[名詞]

a building on a farm in which people keep their animals, straw, hay, or grains

納屋, 家畜小屋

納屋, 家畜小屋

tunnel
tunnel
[名詞]

a passage dug through or under a mountain or a structure, typically for cars, trains, people, etc.

トンネル, 地下道

トンネル, 地下道

Ex: The subway system includes several tunnels that connect different parts of the city .地下鉄システムには、都市のさまざまな部分を結ぶいくつかの**トンネル**が含まれています。
tool shed
tool shed
[名詞]

a small outdoor structure or building used for storing and organizing tools, equipment, and other items typically used for gardening, maintenance, or DIY projects

道具小屋, ツールシェッド

道具小屋, ツールシェッド

Ex: The tools in the shed were neatly arranged on shelves, making it easy to find what they needed.**道具小屋**の道具は棚にきちんと整理されており、必要なものを簡単に見つけることができた。
hothouse
hothouse
[名詞]

a heated building that is made of glass and is used for growing in plants that need warm weather

温室, ハウス

温室, ハウス

Ex: In the hothouse, the tropical plants flourished , with lush greenery and vibrant blooms year-round .**温室**では、熱帯植物が一年中、緑豊かで鮮やかな花を咲かせていました。
monolith
monolith
[名詞]

a large, singular stone block, frequently used as a pillar or memorial

モノリス, 巨大な一枚岩

モノリス, 巨大な一枚岩

Ex: Some believe the monolith in the forest was placed there by early settlers as a marker for travelers .森の中の**モノリス**は、初期の入植者によって旅行者のための目印として置かれたと信じている人もいます。
folly
folly
[名詞]

a decorative building of no practical use that was built in the past, often in a large garden belonging to a country house

愚行の建築物, 装飾的建造物

愚行の建築物, 装飾的建造物

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