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IELTS Academicの語彙 (スコア6-7) - 金融

ここでは、アカデミックIELTS試験に必要な金融に関連するいくつかの英単語を学びます。

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (6-7)
revenue
revenue
[名詞]

the total income generated from business activities or other sources

収益, 売上高

収益, 売上高

Ex: Governments rely on tax revenue to fund public services. 
account
account
[名詞]

a record or statement of financial transactions, typically detailing debits, credits, and balances

口座, 明細書

口座, 明細書

Ex: The financial analyst monitored the profit and loss account to identify areas for cost reduction and revenue optimization. 
acquisition
acquisition
[名詞]

the act of buying or obtaining something, especially something that is valuable

取得,  獲得

取得, 獲得

Ex: The acquisition of new technology will enhance the company's ability to innovate and compete in the market. 
divestment
divestment
[名詞]

the process of selling off assets, subsidiaries, or investments, often for strategic, ethical, or financial reasons

資産売却, 投資撤退

資産売却, 投資撤退

assets
assets
[名詞]

the total amount of money or properties owned by a company or an individual

資産, 財産

資産, 財産

audit
audit
[名詞]

a formal examination of financial records to check that they are accurate and properly maintained

監査,  会計監査

監査, 会計監査

Ex: The company undergoes a financial audit every year. 
bonus
bonus
[名詞]

an extra amount of money paid to an employee in addition to regular wages or salary, usually as a reward

ボーナス,  賞与

ボーナス, 賞与

Ex: Maria received a bonus for exceeding her sales target. 
credit
credit
[名詞]

an entry recording an increase in assets or a decrease in liabilities in an accounting system, typically on the right side of a ledger account

クレジット, 貸方

クレジット, 貸方

Ex: The owner's investment in the business was entered as a credit to the capital account. 
index
index
[名詞]

a system that provides the amount of prices, costs, etc. so that one can compare them with their previous value

指数, インデックス

指数, インデックス

Ex: The housing price index revealed that home values have increased significantly over the past decade. 
insolvency
insolvency
[名詞]

the state or condition of not having enough money to pay one's debts

支払不能, 破産

支払不能, 破産

solvency
solvency
[名詞]

the ability of an entity to meet its long-term financial obligations

支払能力, ソルベンシー

支払能力, ソルベンシー

bankruptcy
bankruptcy
[名詞]

a situation in which a person or business is unable to pay due debts

破産, 倒産

破産, 倒産

Ex: The company declared bankruptcy after years of financial losses. 

その会社は、何年もの財政的損失の後、破産を宣言しました。

mortgage
mortgage
[名詞]

an official contract or arrangement by which a bank gives money to someone as a loan to buy a house and the person agrees to repay the loan over a specified period, usually with interest

抵当, 住宅ローン

抵当, 住宅ローン

Ex: He refinanced his mortgage to take advantage of lower interest rates and reduce monthly payments. 
shareholder
shareholder
[名詞]

an individual or entity that owns shares of stock in a corporation

株主

株主

Ex: He is the largest shareholder in the publicly traded company. 
stock
stock
[名詞]

the funds acquired by a company or corporation through the issuance and purchase of shares

株式, 資本金

株式, 資本金

Ex: Shareholders eagerly awaited the dividend payout from the company's profitable stock. 
banking
banking
[名詞]

the activity of managing money and carrying out transactions through a bank

銀行業務

銀行業務

Ex: I usually do my banking online. 
holding
holding
[名詞]

an asset or investment, such as shares, property, or securities, owned by a person or organization

保有資産

保有資産

Ex: The fund has large holdings in technology companies. 
portfolio
portfolio
[名詞]

a collection of shares and other investments owned by a person or organization

ポートフォリオ,  ポートフォリオ

ポートフォリオ, ポートフォリオ

Ex: Her portfolio includes shares in several technology companies. 
recession
recession
[名詞]

a hard time in a country's economy characterized by a reduction in employment, production, and trade

不況

不況

Ex: The recession caused a significant drop in consumer confidence, affecting retail sales. 
yield
yield
[名詞]

an amount of profit gained from an investment or business

利回り, 利益

利回り, 利益

Ex: The real estate investment provided a high yield, exceeding the initial expectations of the investors. 
accountancy
accountancy
[名詞]

an accountant's profession or tasks

会計

会計

Ex: She pursued a degree in accountancy to become a certified public accountant (CPA). 

彼女は公認会計士(CPA)になるために会計学の学位を取得しました。

cost cutting
cost cutting
[名詞]

the practice of reducing expenses or overhead in order to increase profitability or save money

コスト削減, 経費削減

コスト削減, 経費削減

Ex: The manufacturing plant automated certain processes to achieve cost cutting in labor expenses. 

製造工場は、人件費のコスト削減を達成するために特定のプロセスを自動化しました。

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