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IELTS のための語彙 (一般) - Money

ここでは、IELTS試験に必要な「資産」、「割引」、「年金」など、お金に関するいくつかの英単語を学びます。

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Words for General IELTS
annual
[形容詞]

happening, done, or made once every year

毎年の, 年一回の

毎年の, 年一回の

Ex: The school organized its annual sports day event in the fall .学校は秋に**毎年恒例**のスポーツデーイベントを開催しました。
asset
[名詞]

a valuable resource or quality owned by an individual, organization, or entity, typically with economic value and the potential to provide future benefits

資産, 貴重な資源

資産, 貴重な資源

Ex: Goodwill , reflecting a company 's reputation and customer loyalty , is considered an asset on its balance sheet .
auction
[名詞]

a public sale in which goods or properties are sold to the person who bids higher

オークション, 競売

オークション, 競売

Ex: The auction house specializes in selling fine art and jewelry.**オークション**ハウスは美術品と宝石の販売を専門としています。
to bargain
[動詞]

to negotiate the terms of a contract, sale, or similar arrangement for a better agreement, price, etc.

値切る, 交渉する

値切る, 交渉する

Ex: The union bargained with the company management for improved working conditions and better wages for its members .組合は、メンバーのための労働条件の改善とより良い賃金を求めて会社の経営陣と**交渉した**。
benefit
[名詞]

a financial aid provided by the government for people who are sick, unemployed, etc.

給付, 手当

給付, 手当

Ex: Many citizens rely on social benefits to cover basic living expenses during difficult times .多くの市民は、困難な時期に基本的な生活費を賄うために**社会保障**に頼っています。
betting
[名詞]

the act of risking money on the result of an unpredictable event

賭け, 賭博

賭け, 賭博

budget
[名詞]

the sum of money that is available to a person, an organization, etc. for a particular purpose and the plan according to which it will be spent

予算, 財政計画

予算, 財政計画

Ex: The project ran over budget, leading to cuts in other areas .プロジェクトは**予算**を超過し、他の分野での削減につながった。
to decrease
[動詞]

to become less in amount, size, or degree

減少する, 減る

減少する, 減る

Ex: The number of visitors to the museum has decreased this month .今月の博物館の来場者数は**減少**しました。
discount
[名詞]

the amount of money that is reduced from the usual price of something

割引,  値引き

割引, 値引き

Ex: The store provided a 15 % discount for first-time customers .その店は初めての顧客に15%の割引を提供しました。
economics
[名詞]

the study of how money, goods, and resources are produced, distributed, and used in a country or society

経済学

経済学

Ex: Behavioral economics studies how emotions and psychology influence financial decisions .行動**経済学**は、感情と心理学が金融決定にどのように影響するかを研究します。
expense
[名詞]

the amount of money spent to do or have something

費用,  出費

費用, 出費

Ex: Many people use budgeting apps to categorize their expenses and identify areas where they can cut back to save money .多くの人々が予算アプリを使用して**支出**を分類し、お金を節約するために削減できる領域を特定しています。
fair trade
[名詞]

trading practices that do not put consumers at a disadvantage

フェアトレード

フェアトレード

fare
[名詞]

the amount of money we pay to travel with a bus, taxi, plane, etc.

運賃, チケット代

運賃, チケット代

Ex: The subway fare increased by 10% this year.地下鉄の運賃が今年10%上がりました。
fund
[名詞]

a sum of money that is collected and saved for a particular purpose

基金, 資金

基金, 資金

Ex: They set up a fund to help flood victims .彼らは洪水の被害者を助けるために**基金**を設立しました。

the fact that the cultures and economic systems around the world are becoming connected and similar as a result of improvement in communications and development of multinational corporations

グローバリゼーション,  国際化

グローバリゼーション, 国際化

Ex: The cultural influence of Hollywood is a major example of globalization in the entertainment industry .
inflation
[名詞]

the ongoing increase in the general price level of goods and services in an economy over a period of time

インフレ, 物価上昇

インフレ, 物価上昇

Ex: Wages failed to keep up with inflation, affecting many households .賃金は**インフレ**に追いつかず、多くの世帯に影響を与えた。
investment
[名詞]

the act or process of putting money into something to gain profit

投資

投資

Ex: The government announced a major investment in renewable energy projects to combat climate change .政府は気候変動と戦うために再生可能エネルギープロジェクトへの大きな**投資**を発表しました。
mortgage
[名詞]

an official contract or arrangement by which a bank gives money to someone as a loan to buy a house and the person agrees to repay the loan over a specified period, usually with interest

抵当, 住宅ローン

抵当, 住宅ローン

Ex: Failure to make mortgage payments on time can lead to foreclosure , where the lender repossesses the property .**住宅ローン**の支払いを期限通りに行わないと、貸し手が財産を差し押さえる差し押さえにつながる可能性があります。
pension
[名詞]

a regular payment made to a retired person by the government or a former employer

年金, 退職金

年金, 退職金

Ex: Government employees often receive a pension as part of their retirement benefits .
recession
[名詞]

a hard time in a country's economy characterized by a reduction in employment, production, and trade

不況

不況

Ex: Economists predicted that the recession would last for several quarters before signs of recovery would emerge .経済学者たちは、回復の兆しが現れる前に、**不況**が数四半期続くと予測した。
refund
[名詞]

an amount of money that is paid back because of returning goods to a store or one is not satisfied with the goods or services

返金, 払い戻し

返金, 払い戻し

Ex: He requested a refund for the concert tickets since the event was canceled .彼はコンサートのチケット代の**返金**を求めた、なぜならイベントがキャンセルされたからだ。
revenue
[名詞]

money that a government collects in tax each year

歳入, 収入

歳入, 収入

stock market
[名詞]

the business of trading and exchanging shares of different companies

株式市場, 証券取引所

株式市場, 証券取引所

Ex: The global pandemic had a profound impact on the stock market, leading to volatile fluctuations .世界的なパンデミックは**株式市場**に深刻な影響を与え、不安定な変動を引き起こしました。
unstable
[形容詞]

prone to sudden change or alteration

不安定な, 変わりやすい

不安定な, 変わりやすい

Ex: The unstable nature of the relationship led to frequent arguments .関係の**不安定な**性質が頻繁な議論につながりました。
wage
[名詞]

money that a person earns, daily or weekly, in exchange for their work

賃金, 給料

賃金, 給料

Ex: The government implemented policies to ensure fair wages and improve living standards for workers.政府は、労働者のための公正な**賃金**を確保し、生活水準を向上させるための政策を実施しました。

(of value or price) to gradually rise

価値が上がる,  高騰する

価値が上がる, 高騰する

Ex: The art collector 's investment paid off as the paintings appreciated considerably over the years .美術品収集家の投資は、絵画が何年にもわたってかなり**価値が上がった**ことで報われました。
bankruptcy
[名詞]

a situation in which a person or business is unable to pay due debts

破産, 倒産

破産, 倒産

Ex: The risk of bankruptcy increased as the market conditions worsened .市場状況が悪化するにつれて、**破産**のリスクが高まりました。
capitalism
[名詞]

an economic and political system in which industry, businesses, and properties belong to the private sector rather than the government

資本主義, 資本主義システム

資本主義, 資本主義システム

Ex: The collapse of the socialist regimes in Eastern Europe marked a shift towards capitalism in those countries .東欧の社会主義政権の崩壊は、それらの国々における**資本主義**への移行を象徴した。
IELTS のための語彙 (一般)
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