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IELTS のための語彙 (アカデミック) - 移住

ここでは、IELTS試験に必要な「移民」「部外者」「キャンプ」など、移民に関するいくつかの英単語を学びます。

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Words for Academic IELTS
immigrant
immigrant
[名詞]

someone who comes to live in a foreign country

移民, 移住者

移民, 移住者

Ex: The city's diverse population includes many immigrants from various parts of the world. 
alien
alien
[名詞]

a person who lives in a country of which they are not a citizen

外国人,  在留外国人

外国人, 在留外国人

Ex: The alien struggled to adjust to the new country's customs and language. 
to emigrate
to emigrate
[動詞]

to leave one's own country in order to live in a foreign country

移住する, 外国に移る

移住する, 外国に移る

Ex: Many Irish emigrated to America in the 19th century due to poverty and famine in their homeland. 

19世紀には、多くのアイルランド人が故郷の貧困と飢饉のためにアメリカに移住しました。

immigration
immigration
[名詞]

the fact or process of coming to another country to permanently live there

移民

移民

Ex: The country has seen a rise in immigration due to its strong job market and high quality of life. 

その国は、強力な労働市場と高い生活の質のために移民の増加を見ています。

refugee
refugee
[名詞]

a person forced to leave their country or home to escape war, persecution, or serious danger

難民,  亡命者

難民, 亡命者

Ex: The family crossed the border as refugees after fighting reached their town. 
to settle
to settle
[動詞]

to go and reside in a place as a permanent home

定住する, 落ち着く

定住する, 落ち着く

Ex: She wanted to settle in the city where she had found a great job and made many friends. 
visa
visa
[名詞]

an official mark on someone's passport that allows them to enter or stay in a country

ビザ

ビザ

Ex: He applied for a tourist visa to visit his friend in France for the summer. 

彼は夏にフランスの友人を訪ねるために観光ビザを申請した。

political asylum

the protection that a country grants to someone who has fled their home country because of political reasons

政治亡命, 政治的保護

政治亡命, 政治的保護

Ex: She sought political asylum after facing persecution in her home country. 

彼女は母国で迫害に直面した後、政治亡命を求めた。

emigration
emigration
[名詞]

the act of permanently leaving one's own country to go and live in another

移住

移住

Ex: Her grandparents experienced emigration in the 1950s. 

彼女の祖父母は1950年代に移住を経験しました。

to immigrate
to immigrate
[動詞]

to come to a foreign country and live there permanently

移住する

移住する

Ex: After obtaining a work visa, Maria decided to immigrate to the United States. 

就労ビザを取得した後、マリアはアメリカ合衆国に移住することを決めました。

to migrate
to migrate
[動詞]

to move from a country or region in search of a better job or living conditions

移住する, 移動する

移住する, 移動する

Ex: Skilled workers in the tech industry frequently migrate to tech hubs like Silicon Valley. 

技術産業の熟練労働者は、シリコンバレーのような技術ハブに頻繁に移住します。

outsider
outsider
[名詞]

a person who does not belong to or is not involved in a particular group, organization, community, or place

部外者,  よそ者

部外者, よそ者

Ex: As an outsider, Sarah found it difficult to understand the company's traditions. 
settlement
settlement
[名詞]

a community established by people living far from their homeland who retain nationality and cultural ties, without being governed by the home state

植民地, 入植地

植民地, 入植地

Ex: The settlement grew slowly over several decades. 
to deport
to deport
[動詞]

to force a foreigner to leave a country, usually because they have broken the law

強制送還する, 国外退去させる

強制送還する, 国外退去させる

Ex: The immigration officers deport undocumented immigrants who are found living in the country illegally. 

入国管理官は、不法に国内に住んでいることが判明した不法移民を強制送還する。

green card
green card
[名詞]

an official document that allows a foreigner to work and reside permanently in the United States

グリーンカード, 外国人がアメリカ合衆国で永住権を得て働くことを許可する公式文書

グリーンカード, 外国人がアメリカ合衆国で永住権を得て働くことを許可する公式文書

to naturalize

to grant citizenship to a foreigner

帰化させる, 市民権を付与する

帰化させる, 市民権を付与する

Ex: He was naturalized after passing the citizenship exam. 

彼は市民権試験に合格した後、帰化されました。

illegal
illegal
[形容詞]

forbidden by or against the law

違法な

違法な

Ex: It is illegal to drive without a valid license. 
work permit
work permit
[名詞]

a piece of document which shows a person has the right to work in a particular country

労働許可証, 就労許可証

労働許可証, 就労許可証

camp
camp
[名詞]

a military facility where troops are stationed for training or operational purposes

キャンプ, 駐屯地

キャンプ, 駐屯地

Ex: The soldiers returned to camp before sunset. 
to displace
to displace
[動詞]

to make someone leave their home by force, particularly because of an unpleasant event

移動させる, 追い出す

移動させる, 追い出す

Ex: The conflict in the region has continued to displace thousands of families. 

その地域の紛争は何千人もの家族を追いやり続けています。

noncitizen
noncitizen
[名詞]

a person who is not a legal citizen of the country or city they work or live in

非市民, 外国人

非市民, 外国人

Ex: Noncitizens may have certain rights and protections under international law. 

非市民は、国際法の下で特定の権利と保護を持つ場合があります。

seeker
seeker
[名詞]

a person actively looking for something, such as truth, knowledge, opportunity, or direction

探求者, 求道者

探求者, 求道者

Ex: Knowledge seekers filled the lecture hall for the guest speaker. 

知識の探求者たちが、ゲストスピーカーのために講堂を埋め尽くした。

detention center

a facility in which people, such as refugees, young offenders, etc. are held for a short period of time

拘置センター, 収容センター

拘置センター, 収容センター

Ex: The suspect was held in a detention center overnight. 

容疑者は一晩中拘置センターに収容されました。

naturalization

the act or process of granting a foreigner the citizenship of a country

帰化, 市民権の取得

帰化, 市民権の取得

settler
settler
[名詞]

a person who moves to a new area to live and establish a community

入植者, 開拓者

入植者, 開拓者

Ex: The first settlers built their homes near the river. 

最初の入植者たちは川の近くに家を建てた。

deportation
deportation
[名詞]

the expulsion of a non-citizen or foreigner from a country, often for being undesirable or violating laws

国外退去, 強制送還

国外退去, 強制送還

Ex: The authorities ordered the deportation of illegal immigrants. 

当局は不法移民の国外退去を命じた。

permanently
permanently
[副詞]

in a way that lasts or remains unchanged for a very long time

恒久的に, 永久に

恒久的に, 永久に

Ex: After years of traveling, they decided to settle permanently in a coastal town. 

何年も旅をした後、彼らは海岸の町に永住することを決めました。

temporarily
temporarily
[副詞]

for a limited period of time

一時的に, 仮に

一時的に, 仮に

Ex: She lived in the city temporarily while her house was being renovated. 

彼女は家が改装されている間、一時的に街に住んでいました。

colonization
colonization
[名詞]

the act of taking control of another country and sending people to settle there

植民地化

植民地化

Ex: The colonization of the Americas by European powers began in the 15th century. 

ヨーロッパ列強によるアメリカ大陸の植民地化は15世紀に始まった。

consulate
consulate
[名詞]

a building or office where a consul carries out diplomatic duties

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