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B2レベルの単語リスト - Religion

ここでは、B2 学習者向けに用意された、「無神論」、「キリスト教」、「ユダヤ人」など、宗教に関する英単語を学習します。

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CEFR B2 Vocabulary
altar
[名詞]

the table in a church, used for giving communion in Christianity

祭壇, オルター

祭壇, オルター

Ex: The priest placed the chalice and paten on altar before the Eucharistic celebration .
cross
[名詞]

a representation of the structure on which Jesus Christ was executed, used as a symbol of Christianity

十字架(じゅうじか), クロス

十字架(じゅうじか), クロス

Ex: cross is an important symbol in Christian religious ceremonies .
atheism
[名詞]

the belief that rejects the existence of God or a higher power

無神論 (むしんろん), 神なき信仰 (かみなきしんこう)

無神論 (むしんろん), 神なき信仰 (かみなきしんこう)

Ex: Atheism often sparks discussions about the nature of existence .
Buddhism
[名詞]

an Indian religion based on the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama, whose followers worship in temples

仏教(ぶっきょう), 仏教徒の宗教(ぶっきょうと の しゅうきょう)

仏教(ぶっきょう), 仏教徒の宗教(ぶっきょうと の しゅうきょう)

Ex: Buddhism has a rich history of art and architecture , including famous statues of the Buddha .
Christian
[名詞]

a person who believes in the teachings of Jesus or has been baptized

クリスチャン, キリスト教徒

クリスチャン, キリスト教徒

Ex: Many Christians gather on Sundays for worship and fellowship.
Christianity
[名詞]

the Abrahamic religion based on the teachings of Jesus of Nazareth, the followers of which regard the Bible as sacred

キリスト教, クリスチャン信仰

キリスト教, クリスチャン信仰

Ex: Christianity teaches the importance of love , forgiveness , and compassion for others .
Hindu
[名詞]

a person who believes in Hinduism

ヒンズー教徒, ヒンドゥー教徒

ヒンズー教徒, ヒンドゥー教徒

Ex: He explored his identity as Hindu by studying ancient texts like the Vedas .
Jew
[名詞]

a person who believes in Judaism and belongs to the Jewish community

ユダヤ人(ゆだやじん), ユダヤ教徒(ゆだやきょうと)

ユダヤ人(ゆだやじん), ユダヤ教徒(ゆだやきょうと)

Ex: The synagogue served as a central place of worship for local Jews.
Jewish
[形容詞]

related to the religion, culture, or people of Judaism

ユダヤ人の, ユダヤ教の

ユダヤ人の, ユダヤ教の

Ex: Jewish families celebrate Hanukkah by lighting a menorah and exchanging gifts .
Muslim
[名詞]

a person who believes in Islam

ムスリム, イスラム教徒

ムスリム, イスラム教徒

Ex: The Quran serves as the holy book for Muslims, guiding their beliefs and practices.
pagan
[名詞]

a person believing in a religion that worships many deities, especially one that existed before the major world religions

異教徒 (いきょうと), 多神教徒 (たしんきょうと)

異教徒 (いきょうと), 多神教徒 (たしんきょうと)

Ex: The community pagans gathered to share traditions and rituals .
the Lord
[名詞]

God, particularly in Christian, Jewish, and Islamic traditions, signifying authority and divine power

主 (しゅ), 神 (かみ)

主 (しゅ), 神 (かみ)

Ex: The sermon focused on the attributes of the Lord and how they influence the lives of the faithful.
Bible
[名詞]

the holy book of Christianity that consists of the Old Testament and the New Testament

聖書 (せいしょ), バイブル

聖書 (せいしょ), バイブル

Ex: The Bible has been translated into numerous languages, making it accessible to many.
Gospel
[名詞]

any of the four books of the New Testament that is about the life and teachings of Jesus Christ

福音書 (ふくいんしょ), ゴスペル (ごすぺる)

福音書 (ふくいんしょ), ゴスペル (ごすぺる)

Ex: Gospel of Matthew includes the Sermon on the Mount .
heaven
[名詞]

the realm of God and angels where the believers are promised to reside

天国 (てんごく), 楽園 (らくえん)

天国 (てんごく), 楽園 (らくえん)

Ex: Legends speak of a paradise heaven, reserved for the righteous .
hell
[名詞]

the realm of Satan and the evil forces in which sinners suffer after death eternally

地獄 (じごく), 奈落 (ならく)

地獄 (じごく), 奈落 (ならく)

Ex: The teachings often emphasize the importance of repentance to hell.
sin
[名詞]

any act that goes against the law of God

罪 (つみ), 罪悪 (ざいあく)

罪 (つみ), 罪悪 (ざいあく)

Ex: The concept sin often plays a central role in discussions of morality .
vice
[名詞]

any immoral act that is against the law of God

悪徳 (あくとく), 罪 (つみ)

悪徳 (あくとく), 罪 (つみ)

Ex: She sought guidance to overcome vices and live a more fulfilling life .
grace
[名詞]

a state of being blessed by God

恵み (えぐみ), 神の恵み (かみのえぐみ)

恵み (えぐみ), 神の恵み (かみのえぐみ)

Ex: She expressed her gratitude for grace that had been bestowed upon her family .
pride
[名詞]

the quality of having excessive self-esteem that is considered a sin in religious beliefs

傲慢 (ごうまん), 自尊心 (じそんしん)

傲慢 (ごうまん), 自尊心 (じそんしん)

Ex: pride made it difficult for her to accept constructive criticism .
greed
[名詞]

an intense and selfish desire for something such as power and wealth

貪欲 (どんよく), 欲望 (よくぼう)

貪欲 (どんよく), 欲望 (よくぼう)

Ex: greed requires cultivating a mindset of contentment and generosity .
lust
[名詞]

the excessive desire for having sexual affairs considered to be a sin

欲望(よくぼう), 肉欲(にくよく)

欲望(よくぼう), 肉欲(にくよく)

Ex: Lust can sometimes lead to impulsive decisions that one might regret later .
envy
[名詞]

a feeling of dissatisfaction, unhappiness, or anger that one might have as a result of wanting what others have

羨望(せんぼう), 嫉妬(しっと)

羨望(せんぼう), 嫉妬(しっと)

Ex: envy involves appreciating one 's own strengths and accomplishments rather than comparing oneself to others .
laziness
[名詞]

the state of being inactive or doing nothing considered to be a sin

怠惰(たいだ), 無気力(むきりょく)

怠惰(たいだ), 無気力(むきりょく)

Ex: Laziness is often seen as a barrier to achieving personal goals.
to confess
[動詞]

to admit one's faults and sins in front of a priest

告白する (こくはくする), 懺悔する (ざんげする)

告白する (こくはくする), 懺悔する (ざんげする)

Ex: She felt a sense of relief after choosing confess her sins .
to convert
[動詞]

to change one's religious beliefs to a different one

改宗する, 宗教を変える

改宗する, 宗教を変える

Ex: Following a period of spiritual awakening , Emily made the decision convert to Judaism .
to forgive
[動詞]

to stop being angry or blaming someone for what they have done, and to choose not to punish them for their mistakes or flaws

許す (Yurusu), 赦す (Yasuru)

許す (Yurusu), 赦す (Yasuru)

Ex: Last year, the family forgave their relative for past wrongs.
to trust
[動詞]

to believe that someone is sincere, reliable, or competent

信頼する, 信用する

信頼する, 信用する

Ex: trust him because he has never let me down .
devil
[名詞]

the spirit that opposes God and tempts people to do wrong

悪魔, デーモン

悪魔, デーモン

Ex: Some cultures have festivals where they symbolically chase away devil to bring good fortune .
prophet
[名詞]

a person who speaks to God and leads people to do right things

預言者 (よげんしゃ), 神の使者 (かみのしもべ)

預言者 (よげんしゃ), 神の使者 (かみのしもべ)

Ex: Her interest in prophets led her to explore various religious texts.
minister
[名詞]

a trained individual who performs religious ceremonies, leads worship services, or provides spiritual guidance

牧師 (ばくし),  minister (ミニスター)

牧師 (ばくし), minister (ミニスター)

Ex: minister's role extends beyond the pulpit to pastoral care and community outreach .
service
[名詞]

a religious ceremony of worship following a particular form, especially one held in a church

礼拝 (れいはい), サービス

礼拝 (れいはい), サービス

Ex: He volunteered to help with the music during the church service.
soul
[名詞]

the spiritual part of a person that is believed to be the essence of life in them

魂 (たましい), 霊魂 (れいこん)

魂 (たましい), 霊魂 (れいこん)

Ex: The haunting melody of the song seemed to touch the soul of everyone who heard it .
spiritual
[形容詞]

relating to sacred matters such as religion, church, etc.

精神的な, 霊的な

精神的な, 霊的な

Ex: The community gathered for spiritual ceremony to honor their ancestors .
grave
[名詞]

a hole made in the ground for burying a dead body in

墓(はか), お墓(おはか)

墓(はか), お墓(おはか)

Ex: She placed flowers on her mothergrave every year on her birthday .
godchild
[名詞]

(Christianity) a child to whom at a baptism ceremony a godparent promises to help take care of and teach them about the religion

教子(きょうし), クリスチャンの子供(クリスチャンのこども)

教子(きょうし), クリスチャンの子供(クリスチャンのこども)

Ex: She cherished the relationship she had with godchild, sharing many experiences .
devout
[形容詞]

believing firmly in a particular religion

敬虔な (けいけん な), 信心深い (しんじんぶかい)

敬虔な (けいけん な), 信心深い (しんじんぶかい)

Ex: Despite facing challenges, he remains devout in his commitment to Islam, praying faithfully five times a day.
godfather
[名詞]

(Christianity) a man who promises to take care of a child and teach them about the religion at a baptism ceremony

名付け親 (なづけおや), ゴッドファーザー

名付け親 (なづけおや), ゴッドファーザー

Ex: She valued the guidance and wisdom godfather shared over the years .
godmother
[名詞]

(Christianity) a woman who, during a baptism ceremony, promises to take care of a child and teach them about the religion

名付け親 (なづけおや), ゴッドマザー

名付け親 (なづけおや), ゴッドマザー

Ex: He appreciated godmother's guidance throughout his life .
karma
[名詞]

a belief that one will get the reward or face the consequences of one's good or bad actions

カルマ, 業

カルマ, 業

Ex: karma helps people make ethical choices and cultivate positive virtues .
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